














0^ o°"> *b J> .ti 







?/% l ^} /\\ 




' r ^o <? *jSSi§/ ^ ^ ^ 



o 



^b* 











AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 
FRANCOIS BOUCHER 

AND 

FRANCES WILSON HUARD 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS 
IN PARIS 

A GUIDE BOOK OF HISTORICAL DATA 

PERTAINING TO AMERICANS IN THE 

FRENCH CAPITAL FROM THE EARLIEST 

DAYS TO THE PRESENT TIMES 

COMPILED BY THE 
ASSISTANT CURATOR OF THE MUSEE CARNA VALET, PARIS 

FRANCOIS BOUCHER 



TRANSLATED, REVISED AND EDITED, 
WITH PREFACE BY 

FRANCES WILSON HUARD 




NEW xflr YORK 
GEORGE H. DORAN COMPANY 






COPYRIGHT, 1 92 1, 
BY GEORGE H. DORAN COMPANY 



PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 

APR -I 1921 
§>CU6114i5 



PREFACE 

It is doubtful if the average American visitor to Paris 
fully realized, as he wandered through the streets gazing 
upon the wealth of historic architecture, just how many 
remembrances of his own countrymen were linked for all 
time with those very stones. It would hardly seem exag- 
gerated to say that up until 1914 few, if any, of the globe 
trotters really cared. It was not America that they had 
come to look for in France. But during the last five years 
such has been the tide of events that a general clamor 
has risen to know more of the part played by the U. S. A. 
on foreign soil. And it is, therefore, in answer to this 
demand that we have sought to compile a little volume which 
aims to locate definitely as well as give brief data concern- 
ing the places actually inhabited by, or spots which have 
witnessed the activities of Americans. 

To seek in the Paris of to-day bygone remembrances or 
living testimony of men and events is to epitomise the 
history of Franco- American relations, literary, artistic and 
commercial, for over two 1 hundred years. 

As early as the seventeenth century America began to be 
represented in Paris other than by a few miserable Indians 
brought hence by French explorers of the new world. From 
that time (1653) dates the founding of many trading com- 
panies which even then sought to establish regular business 
relations, and among which the most far-famed was prob- 
ably the Mississippi Company, headed by Law. 

It has been indeed curious to discover how much enthusi- 
asm Paris actually manifested for a then quite unknown 
region of the present United States. And if Law and his 
System found people quite ready to enthuse about the 
Mississippi, it must be recollected that all sorts of mis- 
leading accounts were spread abroad, and most profusely. 
Imaginary views of the country along the river were 



vi PREFACE 

struck off and accompanied by tales telling of mountains 
of gold, silver and copper just waiting to be carried away. 
Other pictures showed the French arriving on the Miss- 
issippi, the Indians greeting them with their hands on their 
hearts. And then again this fabulous country of the great 
river was destined to disturb Paris anew, and in a most 
extraordinary way. 

In order to people the French settlements in America the 
government of Louis XV decided to seize all the young 
vagabonds of Paris and embark them forcibly for the 
Mississippi or Canada; but it sometimes happened that re- 
spectable persons were caught in the round-up, and in 
consequence arose the incidents of May, 1750, which were 
almost the cause of serious trouble in many quarters where 
the police agents were accused of having carried off children 
from five to ten years of age. 

This opening period composed of strange tales and ro- 
mantic adventures came to a close with the first diplomatic 
agreement that took place in Paris, in which the history of 
the United States was concerned. The treaty signed Feb- 
ruary 10th, 1763, put an end to the Seven Years' War 
between France, Spain and England but deprived France of 
all her territorial possessions in North America east of the 
'Mississippi River. 

It was about this time that the minds of the 18th Century, 
alive with new and curious ideas, and in search of more 
precise knowledge, began really to busy themselves with 
the new world. Voltaire practically opened the epoch with 
his L' Huron, and L'Ingenu. In 1776 Marmontel achieved 
great success with L'Incas, Chamfort's first play was called 
La Jeune Indienne, while Abbe Raynal praises the Ameri- 
cans in his Histoire Philosophique des Deux Indes, a volume 
supposed to have been one of the causes of what was then 
termed the "American fever." A countless number of 
books and tracts were issued in Paris, all more or less con- 
secrated to America, then regarded as a paradise of equality 
by that 18th century society, so saturated with parodoxical 
ideas. In the Beaux Arts, as in the fashions, everything 
was a I'Amerique. 

This atmosphere prepared the way for France's participa- 
tion in the War of Independence whose history was 



PREFACE vii 

written by the swords of Lauzun, Segur, Bouille, Bougain- 
ville and Barras, at Yorktown and Chesapeake. But it was 
in Paris and in Versailles that La Fayette enrolled the 
hearts of his countrymen for the cause of Liberty; it was 
in Paris that Franklin, as the reward for untiring and skill- 
ful diplomacy, signed the treaty of Alliance and Commerce, 
February 6th, 1778; and was it not at Versailles that Great 
Britain, by the Treaty of September 3rd, 1783, recognized 
the Independence of the United States? 

Then came the troubled epoch of the French Revolution, 
and one of the then most popular songs in Paris, Qa ira, 
borrowed its title from Franklin's favourite expression, dur- 
ing his residence in the city. 

Throughout this agitated fin de siecle, Jefferson, Mon- 
roe, Payne and Fulton left in the capital the recollection 
of their diplomatic missions and the traces of their activity; 
while such Frenchmen as Barbe-Marbois, Brissot, Bailly, 
Talleyrand, to mention but a few, left France to visit the 
United States. Then followed various epochs of diplomatic 
negotiating which culminated in the sale of Louisiana to 
the United States for fifteen millions of dollars. 

During the long period of peace between the wars of the 
first Empire and 1870, Americans came in ever greater 
numbers to Paris. To name them would be but to enu- 
merate most of the country's great men in all walks of life. 
Some even remained and the American Colony became more 
and more important, several of its residents, such as Dr. 
Evans and Mr. Washburne, having played a very active 
part in the city's history in 1870-1871. 

In the years that followed, the bonds of friendship were 
more closely knit by the participation of the United 
States in the Universal Expositions that were held in Paris 
in 1878, 1889 and 1900. Intellectual, artistic and scientific 
interchanges, which increased between the two countries, 
caused the coming of such men as Graham Bell, Edison, 
Stanley, Whistler, Sargent and Roosevelt. 

It was in Paris that the treaty between the United States 
and Spain was signed in 1898, and coincident with recurring 
centenaries statues of Washington, Franklin and La Fayette 
have been erected in its public squares. 

On the eve of the Great War in 1914 about twenty-five 



viii PREFACE 

thousand Americans formed in Paris a foreign colony, active 
in developing useful and lasting relations between the two 
countries, thus preparing the ground for the splendid mani- 
festations of Franco-American unity during the past five 
years. 

Even before the official participation of the United States 
in the war, numerous private endowments, of which the 
first in date as in importance was the American Ambulance 
at Neuilly, testified to American generosity in Paris. 

Neither has the city forgotten the courageous attitude 
of the Hon. Myron T. Herrick, United States Ambassador, 
during the trying days at the end of August, 1914. For 
when the Germans were hourly expected to reach the capital, 
Mr. Herrick was not only preoccupied by the safety of 
his compatriots, and the preparation of notices destined to 
be placed on the buildings occupied by them, but also about 
the safety of the city itself, declaring that if the capital 
were threatened by the enemy troops he would use all his 
authority as a neutral to protect it. 

"Paris," he said, "belongs not alone to France, but to 
the world." 

Frances Wilson Huard. 



CONTENTS 

PAGE 

Paris 15 

Versailles ' 146 

Suburbs of Paris 152 

Bellevue IS 2 

Mont-Valerien .... 152 

Neuilly-sur-Marne 152 

Neuilly-sur-Seine . . . . . ; . ... . 153 

Saint-Cloud 154 

Saint-Germain-en- La ye 155 

Sannois 155 

Sevres 156 

Suresnes 156 

Tilly 157 

Vincennes 158 

American Consuls at Paris 159 

American Writers in Paris 160 

Charitable America in Paris . 164 

Table of References to Historical Events, Per- 
sonalities, Ceremonies, etc 167 



IX 



NOTE 

To render research easier the streets have been classified 
in alphabetical order. The number in Roman capitals which 
follows the name of each street is that of the District 
(Arrondissement) of Paris in which that street may be 
found. 

The shape of the present volume is such as not to permit 
inserting a good, useful map of the city. Such a map, with 
index to every street, may be procured at a trifling expense 
from any stationer or bookseller in the city of Paris. Ask 
for Le Plan de Paris. 

In many cases the editor has preferred retaining the 
French word "Hotel," meaning, not a public dwelling house, 
but a spacious private mansion, and begs that the two should 
not be confounded. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS 
IN PARIS 



Amelot (Rue)— (XI). 

The part of the Rue Amelot comprised between the Rue 
St.-Sebastien and the Rue Oberkampf was for a long time 
called the Rue St.-Pierre. It was at former No. 16 that John 
Howard Payne resided, about the year 1822. 

Anjou (Quai d')— (IV). 

No. 17. — Hotel, called de Lauzun, built between 1650 
and 1658. It was inhabited by Charles Baudelaire (1821- 
1867), the celebrated French poet, who consecrated many 
years to the translation of the works of Edgar Poe, at that 
time still unknown in France. Among the translations, that 
of the Extraordinary Tales is particularly remarkable., 

Anjou (Rue d')— (VIII). 

The Expiatory Chapel, situated at the extremity of the 
Rue d' Anjou, bordering the Boulevard Haussmann, occupies 
the site of the old cemetery of the Madeleine, in which a 
large number of the victims of the Revolution were buried, 
among whom were Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. 
Among others who were guillotined and who were buried 
there we may mention Brissot, guillotined the 31st October, 
1793, and Admiral d'Estaing, guillotined the 28th April, 
1794. 

No. 8.— The hotel in which La Fayette died, the 20th 
May, 1834, at half past four in the morning. The following 
inscription, engraved on a white marble tablet, has been 
placed there : 

"General La Fayette, defender of Liberty in America, 
one of the founders of Liberty in France, born the 6th 

IS 



16 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

September 1757 at the Chateau of Chavagnac in Auvergne, 
died in this house the 20th May 1834." 

His obsequies took place on the 22nd May, and were 
celebrated at 9 o'clock at the Church of the Assumption 
in the Rue St.-Honore. 

No. 36. — On this site once stood the Hotel of General J. 
V. Moreau (1763-1813), the only general whose reputation 
could have been opposed to that of Bonaparte. He was liv- 
ing there at the time of his arrest, when he was implicated in 
the conspiracy of Pichegru and Cadondal for the overthrow 
of Bonaparte. As the result of a famous lawsuit in which 
the latter tried by every means to influence the minds of the 
judges, Moreau was condemned in 1804 to two years' prison, 
which was altered to exile. He went to the United States, 
where he resided for some time in Delaware, and some time 
in New York and Philadelphia. Bonaparte presented his 
hotel to General Bernadotte, the future Charles XIV of 
Sweden. Moreau rejoined the Allies in 1813, and died be- 
fore Dresden. 

Arc de Triomphe— (VIII). 

On the 14th July, 1919, General Pershing and an im- 
portant detachment of American troops, specially composed 
for that occasion, participated in the Fetes de la Victoire 
and marched through the Arc de Triomphe with the French 
troops and the other Allied contingents. 

Arc de Triomphe. (Rue de 1')— (XVII). 

No. 21. — George A. Lucas, who lived fifty years in Paris, 
resided long in this house. A celebrated collector, he pre- 
dicted Millet's talent before he became well known, and for 
a small sum had bought many of his paintings; after 
Millet's death he authenticated some of his paintings. He 
died in Paris in March 1908, aged 85. 

Archeveche (Quai de 1') — (IV). 

During the Revolution (1789- 1800) the hospital of the 
revolutionary tribunal was established in the palace of the 
Archbishop of Paris, which was formerly situated between 
the Cathedral and the small arm of the Seine, on the site 
of the present Square ; this palace had been built in 1697 by 
the Cardinal de Noailles, of the same family as Madame de 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 17 

la Fayette. It was in this hospital that Marshal Rocham- 
beau, after having been previously imprisoned in the 
Conciergerie, had his old wounds tended ; he was left there, 
forgotten, until 9th Thermidor (July 27th, 1794). Judged 
the 10th October following, he was acquitted, and restored 
to liberty. 

Archives (Rue des) — (III). 

1 No. 63. — Hotel where resided Marc Rene Marie de Voyer 
d'Argenson (1771-1842), in his youth aide-de-camp to 
La Fayette, whose political friend he remained during his 
entire lifetime. 

Assas (Rue d')— (VI). 

No. 82. — The statuary Frederic Auguste Bartholdi (1834- 
1904), author of the enormous statue of "Liberty Lighting 
the World," died here in 1904; he had conceived the idea 
of this work in the course of a voyage to the United States 
after the war of 1870. The solemn handing over of the 
statue to the United States Minister Plenipotentiary at 
Paris, Levi P. Morton, took place July 4th, 1884. Taken to 
pieces and placed on board a United States vessel, the statue 
was inaugurated in New York the 28th October, 1886. A 
reduced copy of it may be seen in Paris on the Bridge of 
Grenelle. 

The city of New York possesses several other works of 
Bartholdi, who is likewise the author of the group of 
Washington and La Fayette erected on the Place des Etats- 
Unis in Paris. 

Auber (Rue)— (IX). 

The opening of this street caused the disappearance of, 
between the Rue des Mathurins and the Rue Boudreau, 
the Rue Trudon, in which Robert R. Livingston, United 
States Minister Plenipotentiary, lived in 1802 at No. 720 
( Revolutionary numbering) . 

Auteuil (Rue d')— (XVI). 

No. 59. — The house which at present bears this number 
has been built on the site of a house erected at the beginning 
of the reign of Louis XV, and burnt down in 1871 during the 



18 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Commune. The celebrated painter, Quentin de la Tour, 
bought it in 1770, and resold it, in 1772, to Mme. Helvetius, 
who was called Our Lady of Auteuil (1719-1800), widow c f 
the famous farmer-general and philosopher ; she had a cele- 
brated salon there where she received all the philosophical 
society of the XVIIIth Century. Franklin frequented it 
assiduously and there met the most distinguished men in 
Paris: Cabanis (1757-1808), Diderot (1713-1784), the min- 
ister Turgot (1727-1781), Abbe Morellet (1 727-1819), 
Chamfort (1741-1794), Baron d'Holbach (1723-1789), the 
poet Roucher (1745- 1794), the Marquis Condorcet (1743- 
1794), who were the intimate friends of Mme. Helvetius. 
In his memoirs Franklin has spoken lovingly of all these 
people who were full of kind attentions and of amiability 
for him ; he was so happy there that it is even said that he 
proposed marriage to Mme. Helvetius. He dined there every 
Saturday. 

, Mme. Helvetius died in this house in 1800, and was 
buried first in a little pavilion which had been built in the 
park by Cabanis ; her body was later transported to the 
Cemetery of Auteuil. - 

From 1808 to 18 14 the house was occupied by the phy- 
sicist Rumford (1753-1814), who died in this house 
in 1814. After having lived in England and in Bavaria, 
where he entered the service of the Elector, Rumford 
arrived in Paris in October 1801 ; there he married the 
widow of Lavoisier, with whom it is said he got on badly. 
He became a foreign member of the Academy of Sciences 
for his works on the cohesion of bodies, the velocity of 
projectiles and the diffusion of liquids. He instituted in 
Paris the economical soups of his invention. He died at 
59 Rue d'Auteuil at 9 o'clock in the evening on the nth 
August, 1814; his friends, Benjamin Delessert and Parker, 
registered his death ; Cubier pronounced his funeral oraison 
January 9th, 1815. 

Bac. (Rue du)— (VII). 

No. no. — James McNeil Whistler (1834-1903) lived in 
this house from the autumn of 1892, at tJ^e time of his last 
stay in Paris. 

Before a vocation which manifested itself as irrevocable, 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 19 

his father, a distinguished engineer, sent him, in 1855, to 
Paris, where he entered the studio of Gleyre, who, with 
Couture, was then considered one of the best masters ; he 
also became intimate with Degas and Fantin Latour, and 
there studied with George du Maurier of Punch and 
Trilby fame. 

Whistler painted in a studio of the Boulevard des 
Batignolles the "White Girl" which was refused at the 
salon of 1863, then shown at the Salon of the Rejected. 
The work produced by Whistler at the various times he 
stayed in Paris is considerable, and was often provocative 
of incidents due to his difficult temper. Thus he had a 
celebrated altercation with General Rush B. Hawkins, 
charged with the section of American Art at the Universal 
Exhibition of 1889; the General having requested him to 
remove ten of his paintings disapproved by the jury, 
Whistler took them all away and sent a chosen number of 
them to the English section. 

In 1892 Whistler came to live at no Rue du Bac. His 
landlord had caused to be inserted in the lease a clause 
according to which he could introduce no models into his 
house; which, however, did not prevent Whistler from 
bringing children there, who one day were found walking 
about naked. At the lawsuit, which was brought by his 
landlord, he answered that they were not models, but 
children who were bringing their clothes to be washed. 
The changeable character of Whistler which caused him 
to travel frequently between London and Paris made him 
occupy many lodgings in the quarter of the Rue du Bac. 
Sometimes when he could not sleep and was pursued by 
an idea he would rise and go and see his friend Alexander, 
at the Pare Monceau. 

In 1898 Whistler came fairly often to an academy of 
painting which was opened in his name at No. 6 of the 
Passage Stanislas, in the Rue Notre Dame des Champs. 

His sister-in-law, Miss Rosalind Birnie Philip, gave to 
the Cabinet des Estampes of the National Library a com- 
plete collection of the engraved works of Whistler. One 
of his most considered works, the portrait of his mother, 
which he called an "arrangement in grey and black," is 
shown at the Musee du Luxembourg. In 1905 an exhibition 



20 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

of his works was organized at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, as 
he had requested a short time before his death. Whistler" 
had obtained in 1889 a gold medal at the Salon, and had 
been made Chevalier of the Legion of Honour. 

Nos. 118-120. — Hotel of Clermont Tonnerre whe~e Cha- 
teaubriand died in 1848. In July 1791 he had_Heep- twice 
received by Washington at Philadelphia, and he had dined 
with him in his house in High Street. Chateaubriand found 
again in him, as he had imagined he would in this modern 
Cincinnatus, "the simplicity of the old Roman." This meet- 
ing made a deep impression on him, and, thirty-six years 
later caused him to write, when speaking of Washington, 
"there is virtue in the look of a great man." 

Bagneux (Rue de)— <VI). 

No. 3. — It is here that the American sculptor Augustus 
St. Gaudens (1848-1907) had his studio from the year 
1897. He came to Europe at the age of eighteen, in 1856, 
and passed nearly fourteen years in Rome and in Paris; 
he followed the classes of Jouffroy at the Ecole des Beaux 
Arts at Paris, where he knew Dalou and had as fellow 
pupils George de Forest Brush, Proctor, Gamier, Zorn 
and Bion. From 1880 to 1897 he worked in New York, 
then returned to Paris, where he made the acquaintance of 
Whistler. He had a studio first in the Faubourg St.-Honore ; 
he then lived at the Boulevard Pereire ; then, after 1897 he 
worked at the Rue de Bagneux. John W. Alexander, John 
Sargent, Helleu went there frequently. The first work of 
St. Gaudens in Paris was a group of kneeling angels des- 
tined for the Church of St. Thomas of New York; it is 
said that when he had completed it he illuminated it with 
190 candles so as to get an idea of the effect of this group 
when it should be thus lit in the church. He also executed 
in Paris the models of the decoration for the Boston Library, 
the monument to Robert Louis Stevenson, that of Colonel 
Robert G. Shaw, destined for Edinburgh, and there finished 
almost entirely the equestrian statue of General Sherman 
for the entrance of Central Park, New York, which was 
shown at the Salon of 1900; he obtained a gold medal and 
was decorated with the Legion of Honour by the French 
government, which bought for the Luxembourg Museum his 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 21 

"Amor Caritas," and the collection of his medallions. Fred- 
eric MacMonnies was one of his most brilliant pupils. St. 
Gaudens left Paris in July 1900. 

Bar e (Rue de la)— (II). 

No. 5. -Admiral de Bourgainville, who took part in the 
American War, died in this house in 181 1. (Inscription.) 

Bastille (Place de la)— (IV). 

When the Bastille was taken, the 14th of July 1789, La 
Fayette carried away the key of the great entrance gate 
and sent it as a souvenir to Washington, by Thomas Paine 
when he came out of prison. This key is preserved at 
Mount Vernon in the entrance hall. The great entrance 
gate of the celebrated fortress was at the western side, 
almost at the beginning of the Rue St. Antoine; the plan 
of the Bastille is indicated on the ground of the Place and 
on the sidewalks by a special disposition of the paving 
stones. La Fayette accompanied his gift with a letter in 
which fie said to Washington: "I present you with the 
principal key of this fortress of despotism. It is a tribute 
which I owe to you, as from a son to his adoptive father, 
as aide-de-camp to my general, as missionary of Liberty to 
his patriarch" (17th March 1790). On his side Paine 
wrote this, in a letter dated from London: "I am happy 
to be the person chosen to bear the first trophies of des- 
potism and the first ripe fruits of American principles 
brought into Europe. American principles have opened the 
Bastille, about that there can be no doubt, and, conse- 
quently, the keys are going where they ought to go." 

Beaujon (Rue)— (VIII). 

No. 13. — Was inhabited from 1855 to 1859 by John J. 
Mason, Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States. 

Beaumarchais (Boulevard) — (XI). 

Nos. 2-20. — Thus called since 1830 in rememberance of 
the celebrated writer who owned a hotel and a superb gar- 
den, the site of which is at present occupied by numbers 
2 to 20, at the commencement of the boulevard near the 
Place de la Bastille. 



22 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Caron de Beaumarchais (1732-1799), to whom a statue 
has been erected opposite No. 11 of the Rue St.-Antoine, 
was the most complete type of those philosopher business- 
men such as were to be found in the XVIIIth Century. A 
celebrated writer, he was also financier, shipbuilder, con- 
tractor, and secret-service agent ; he was one of the first to 
see that the war between the American Colonies and Eng- 
land offered the greatest advantages to French trade and he 
resolved to draw France into that channel. From 1775, be- 
ing in England where he was charged by the King with 
secret business to the Chevalier d'Eon, he entered into rela- 
tions with Arthur Lee and the American agents. He sided 
passionately with the Insurgents, who could have had no 
better auxiliary and gained public opinion for their cause 
while awaiting the opinion of the French government. 

When Franklin arrived in Paris for the purpose of ob- 
taining recognition of the independence of the United States 
by the French court, Beaumarchais lent him the aid of his 
pen, and, for two years, he unremittingly compiled secret 
documents, submitted to Louis XVI, and favourable to 
America. Franklin knew marvellously well how to make 
use of every willing person who thus offered himself to 
him, and his efforts, united to those of La Fayette, resulted 
in the signature of the Treaty of Alliance between France 
and the United States the 6th February 1778. 

Beauvau (Place)— (VIII). 

No. 96. Ministere de I'lnterieur. — Here is settled the 
headquarters of the "Carnegie Heroes Fund of France" 
and it is here that the committee, charged with its admin- 
istration, meets. 

Andrew Carnegie, by an act of February 9th, 1909, in- 
cluded France in the Heroes Fund in reward for the civil 
acts of heroism performed on French territory ; his dona- 
tion of one million dollars was accepted by the French 
Government by a decree of July 23rd, 1909. 

Berri (Rue de)— (VIII). 

No. 2. — This house has been built on the site of the 
Pavilion of Langeac where Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 23 

lived from 1784 to 1789 during the whole time of his resi- 
dence in Paris; this hotel possessed a large garden which 
reached to the Champs-Elysees. 

■ In 1784 the United States Congress resolved to send 
another minister to Europe who, in concert with John Adams 
and Franklin, would be charged with the negotiation of com- 
mercial treaties with the foreign powers. Jefferson, already 
twice designated for a mission in Europe, was naturally 
chosen. He eagerly accepted, and arrived in Paris the 6th 
August 1784. 

At the commencement of 1785 Jefferson was unanimously 
named by Congress minister to the Court of Versailles in 
place of Franklin, who was returning to the United States. 
Referring to this, he is supposed to have said of Franklin : 
"That he is one of those men whom one succeeds but whom 
one does not replace." He employed himself especially 
about commercial negotiations, and about enforcing the 
treaties already concluded. What he preferred above all, 
above his travels in Holland and Italy, was his residence in 
Paris. His correspondence shows how varied were his 
occupations there. He was invited by the Committee of the 
National Assembly, charged to elaborate the Constitution to 
assist at its meetings, but he did not accept. He saw the 
opening of the Revolution in 1789; towards the end of the 
year he took advantage of a leave of absence to return to 
America, for which he embarked on October 8th. But 
in the United States he filled the position of Secretary of 
State, and so returned no more to France. The painter, 
John Trumbull, resided at his house during his stay in Paris. 
William Short, charge d'affaires, also lived in this house in 
1 791 after Thomas Jefferson. 

Berthier (Boulevard)— (XVII). 

No. 41. — Private residence which was long inhabited by 
the great American painter, John Sargent. In 1874, when 
he was the pupil of Carolus Duran, Sargent lived near the 
studio of the latter in the Rue Notre Dame des Champs ; he 
spent nearly twenty years in Paris before fixing his abode 
in London, and it was his portraits of Parisian personages, 
such as that of Pailleron and of Mme. Gauthereau, which 
were the beginning of his reputation as a portrait painter. 



24 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

The portrait of Mme. Gauthereau, catalogued as Mme. X, 
now hangs in the Metropolitan Museum, New York. 

Bois de Boulogne (Avenue du) — (XVI). 

No. 41. — A house erected in 1907 On the site of the hotel 
of Doctor Evans, the remembrance of whom remains 
linked with the flight of the Empress Eugenie in 1870, after 
the fall of the Second Empire. 

Evans, born about 1820 in Philadelphia, established him- 
self in Paris in November 1847, having been called to 
France by his compatriot, Cyrus J. Brewster. He speedily 
obtained a European reputation there, liking to recall, also, 
that it was a French doctor who was one of the initiators 
of the art of dentistry into the United States (Doctor 
Gardette, who had established himself in Philadelphia at 
the end of the XVIIIth Century). At the Exhibition of 
1867 Evans received the Grand Prize of Honour for the 
exhibition of the Sanitary Commission of the United States 
which he had organised. He gave some very brilliant enter- 
tainments in this hotel, especially in January 1869 in honour 
of the American, Anson Burlingame, Chinese Ambassador 
to Paris. 

During the war Evans, assisted by Dr. Swinburne, head 
physician, and by Emile and William Brewer, established 
an ambulance in the Avenue du Bois (then called Avenue de 
ITmperatrice), at the corner of the Rue de Villejust. The 
American Ambulance consisted merely of tents and served 
especially as a model for that established by the Engineers 
near the Luxembourg. He personally spent more than 
1,200,000 francs on this ambulance, and on the help he 
bestowed on the French prisoners in Germany and in Swit- 
zerland ; accordingly, in 1872 the French Government 
created him Commander of the Legion of Honour. 

But Evans, through whom Napoleon III made the ac- 
quaintance of the Empress when she was only Eugenie de 
Monti jo, was especially called on, in an unexpected manner, 
to help the latter to fly from Paris on September 4th, 1870, 
directly the proclamation of the Republic was known at 
the Tuileries. Following the advice of the Ambassadors 
of Austria and of Italy, the Empress decided to leave 
France; she left the Louvre by the Gate of the Place St.- 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 23 

Germain l'Auxerrois, with one of the ladies of her suite, 
was separated there from the Ambassadors, and went 
to the house of some friends whom she was unable to find ; 
she then desired to be taken to Evans, and asked him how 
she could get to England. In accordance with the views of 
his fellow-countryman, Dr. Crane, who thirty-five years 
later published his very detailed memoirs, Evans sheltered 
the Empress that night in the room of Mrs. Evans, who 
was away from home, and on the morning of the 5th suc- 
ceeded in getting her through the Porte Maillot, which was 
guarded by sentries of the National Guard. On the evening 
of the 6th, after having stopped at Mantes, the carriage 
arrived at Deauville, where Mrs. Evans received the Em- 
press at the Casino Hotel. Evans arranged her departure 
that same evening, and, after many difficulties, it took 
place during the night on Sir N. Burgoyne's yacht ; after a 
dangerous crossing the imperial fugitive reached Ryde, 
gained Hastings, then Chiselhurst, which Evans had hired 
for her. 

Evans, in 1892, left the hotel of the Avenue du Bois de 
Boulogne and went to live in the house which he had had 
built at Nos. 43-45 in the Rue de la Pompe. At his death 
in 1897 he bequeathed his hotel to the city of Philadelphia, 
which in 1900 let it to the French Government as the Palais 
des Souverains. 

It must be recollected that it was Evans who had con- 
ceived the idea of the Avenue du Bois. 

No. 75. — Here was installed the United States Legation 
to Paris in 1 870-1 871. 

E. B. Washburne, ambassador to Paris from 1869 to 
1877, lived here, and remained here during the siege of 
Paris and during the Commune; the German Government 
had confided to him the interests of the Germans living in 
Paris, and Washburne secured their departure. This 
house was showered with shells during the siege; it was 
invaded by the Communards, but it was successfully pre- 
served against fire. On the 22nd March, 1871, about fifty 
Americans gathered there to offer a banquet to General 
Sheridan, who had arrived some days previously in Paris, 
and who had followed the military operations from the 
German side. 



26 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Washburne's intervention in favour of Mgr. Darboy, 
archbishop of Paris during the Commune, will be recalled 
later on (see Mazas). He had a most active part to play 
during the whole of the war, busying himself particularly 
with the American colony, of which the greater part had 
left Paris: 48 Americans were still there at the beginning 
of November 1870. On November 24th, twenty Amer- 
icans assembled for the Thanksgiving Day dinner. The 
turkeys eaten on that occasion cost 55 francs each! On 
the occasion of the burning of Chicago a reunion of the 
Americans of Paris took place at the Washington Club, and 
a sum of $6,000 was got together. 

The difficulty of getting food during the siege caused a 
certain number of them to found the Hungry Club and to 
dine together at the same restaurant. Nathan Sheppard, the 
author of "Shut Up in Paris," was one of their number. 

Among the Americans to be found in Paris during this 
troubled period were Professor Simon Newcombe, an as- 
tronomer of repute, who had come to visit the great French 
savant Leverrier ; Mrs. Key Blunt of Baltimore, and Mrs. 
Acosta, who both espoused the cause of Mgr. Darboy, 
whom the former succeeded in visiting in the prison of 
La Roquette; Mrs. Charles J. Moulton of Boston, and Mr. 
Joseph Karrick Riggs of Washington, who were charged 
by Washburne to distribute the aid sent from the United 
States during the armistice. Only one American of Paris 
lost his life during the siege of 1870: Swager, of Louisville, 
Kentucky, a pupil at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, who had 
his leg broken by a shell and died as a result of his 
wound. 

Bonaparte (Rue)— (VI). 

No. 14. — Ecole Nationale des Beaux Arts. Among the 
many American artists who have come to Paris, the greater 
number have received tuition at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, 
and all of them have more or less frequented it and have 
left there some souvenir of themselves. 

No. 80. — The part of the Rue Bonaparte comprised be- 
tween the Place Saint-Sulpice and the Rue le Vaugirard 
was called Rue du Pot-de-fer in the XVIIIth Century. It 
was there, in the old novitiate of the Jesuits, that the two 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 27 

most important masonic lodges of Paris held their assizes: 
that of the Grand Orient, protected by the Due d'Orleans, 
and that of the Neuf Sceurs, presided over by the Comte 
d'Artois (afterwards Charles X). 

No. 80 of the Rue Bonaparte now occupies the site of 
the Lodge of the Neuf Soeurs : this lodge, of which Franklin 
was probably a member from the time of its origin, was 
founded in 1776 with the aid of Mme. Helvetius. It was 
there that on the 28th November, 1778, he assisted at the 
masonic apotheosis of Voltaire. Franklin was elected Ven- 
erable of the lodge on the 21st May, 1779; he remained so 
for two years, during which time, in the Spring of 1780, 
Paul Jones became a member. His demand dated from 
the 16th August 1779. 

On this occasion the latter engaged the sculptor Houdon, 
likewise a member of the lodge, to make a bust of the 
intrepid sailor. On Monday the 1st May 1780 a great feast 
was given there in honor of Paul Jones. La Dixmerie ad- 
dressed a speech to him which terminated with this quatrain : 

Jones, fertile in resources during the battle, 

Behaves towards his enemies 
As a skilled coquette behaves to us: 
You fancy you will catch him and you are caught. 

Six months after the departure of Franklin for America, 
at the end of the year 1785, the lodge instituted in his honour 
a double competition ; proposing a prize of eloquence for a 
prose eulogy of B. Franklin, "which should take at least a 
half an hour to read," and an Art prize for an "allegorical 
drawing, two feet high and a foot and a half wide, repre- 
senting the services rendered by B. Franklin to Science and 
to American liberty." Each prize was worth 600 francs. 

William Short, Charge d'Affaires after the departure of 
Thomas Jefferson, lived in 1792 in that part of the Rue 
Bonaparte comprised between the Quai and the Rue Jacob, 
and then called Rue des Petits Augustins. 

Bondy (Rue de)— (X). 

No. ij. — The Theatre of the Renaissance beside the Rue 
Bondy is built on the site of a house inhabited by Admiral 
Bourgainville from 1805 to 1810. 



28 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Bourbon. (Quai de)— (IV). 

No. 55. — The American poet Stuart Merrill, renowned 
for his French verse, lived many years in this house. 

Bourgogne (Rue de) — (VII). 

No. 10. — Site of the ancient Hotel Dillon which extended 
to No. 39 of the Rue Saint-Dominique. Two Dillons took 
part in the American war: one of them was second in com- 
mand of the Legion of Lauzun. 

Bourse (Place de la) — (II). 

No. jj. — Office of the Associated Press, established in 
Paris the 1st December 1899. 

Braque (Rue de)— (III). 

No. 7. — Little Hotel de Mesmes, occupied in 1776 by 
Count Charles de Vergennes, who was Minister for Foreign 
Affairs from 1776 to 1783. His name remains attached not 
only to the American War and to the Treaty of Versailles, 
but also to the residence of Franklin in Paris. It is said 
that on the occasion of their first interview the ambassadors' 
introducer having retired, the two statesmen solemnly bowed 
to one another. Vergennes made an amiable motion to 
Franklin, inviting him to be seated, then waited. Franklin 
accepted but said nothing, wishing, perhaps, to test the 
gravity of Vergennes, who, drawing out his snuff box, 
offered it to Franklin; the latter took a pinch of snuff, 
bowed and coughed ; Vergennes did likewise. Shortly after- 
wards Franklin rose, Vergennes also; they bowed and 
Franklin withdrew. 

The Treaty of Alliance between France and the United 
States was signed here the 6th February, 1778, by the Secre- 
tary of the Council, Gerard de Rayneval, for France, and for 
the United States by B. Franklin, G. Deane, and A. Lee. 

Buffon (Rue de)— (V). 

No. 61. — Headquarters of the Societe des Americanistes 
de Paris. 

This international Society, founded in 1893, has for its 
aim the study of America since the most remote times to 
the present day: the actual President (1920), Mr. Henry 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 29 

Vignaud, is one of the notable members of the American 
Colony in Paris. The Society possesses a library liberally 
supplied with American publications, thanks to the gener- 
osity of the scientific establishments of the United States. 
Among the founders who have given donations are the 
Due de Loubat, James H. Hyde, W. K. Vanderbilt. James 
Gordon Bennett was one of its members. 

Cambon (Rue)— (II). 

No. 53. — The Paris offices of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle 
are installed here : an exhibition of American advertising 
was organised here in November 191 7. 

Capucines (Boulevard des) — (II and IX). 

No. 24. — United States College at Paris. The offices of 
this important institution have been situated in this building 
since the beginning of 1919 ; but several of its members 
already formed part of the Franco-American Committee, 
created in 1895, which was the first to interest itself in the 
intellectual interchange between the United States and 
France, an interchange pursued since then in many different 
ways. Since 1916 the College has become an incorpora- 
tion, whose founders were Coleman du Pont, of New 
York; Edwin Farnham Greene, of Boston, and Paul 
Lebaudy, of Paris. It has been placed in France, since 
its founding, under the high patronage of President 
Poincare, of Georges Clemenceau, and of several ministers. 

The aim of the College is to constitute a clearing house 
for the exchange, discussion and dissemination of ideas 
in all the various branches of education, science and learn- 
ing, and finally, to constitute a sort of administrative home 
for American students in France. For this it has organ- 
ised: 

First. — An information bureau where may be found a 
complete list of the teaching faculties of France, with the 
names of all the well-known savants willing to accept grad- 
uate students in their classes, clinics and laboratories. 

Second. — A grouping of professors of the French facul- 
ties who might serve as deans to the American students, 
among whom a certain number have been sent to the United 
States, as the Professors Letulle, Vidal, Cestre, etc. 



30 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Third. — A programme of work, such as translation into 
French of the best scientific American works, and vice 
versa. 

The College possesses in America an equivalent organi- 
sation, with its central seat in New York, and, in the vari- 
ous States, secondary centers in touch with the American 
colleges and universities. 

Like the old colleges which grouped around the Sorbonne 
of the Middle Ages students coming from foreign countries, 
the United States College in Paris ought to be, in this 
20th Century, the living testimony of the union between 
France and the United States. 

The direction of the College is assured in Paris in 1920 
by Ernest H. Lines, Paul Lebaudy, Caroline B. K. Levy, 
vice-presidents; Charles F. Beach, secretary. 

Carrousel (Place du) — (I) 

In the grand carrousel held here on June 5th and 6th 
1662 (from which this square took its name), and whose 
splendour surpassed anything of the kind heretofore ever 
seen, the quadrilles represented the different nations. The 
king, Loris XIV, led the quadrille of the Romans ; Mon- 
sieur, h 1 " brother, the quadrille of the Persians ; the Prince 
de Conde the Turks ; the Duke d'Enghein the Indians, and 
finally the Duke de Guise led a fifth — representing the 
American savages. 

Cassette (Rue)— (VI). 

No. 20. — Here died, on March 7th, 1809, at the age of 
56, the celebrated aeronaut Blanchard, who was accom- 
panied in 1785, in his famous crossing of the Straits of 
Dover, by an American, Dr. Jefferies. Blanchard had be- 
come acquainted in London with the latter who was much 
interested in ballooning, and made with him, at the cost of 
100 guineas, a flight from London to Kent. They next 
formed the project of crossing the Straits of Dover, which 
they carried into execution the 7th January, 1785, in a 
Montgolfiere, at one o'clock in the afternoon ; at 3 :45, 
having been obliged to throw overboard, one after the 
other, their ballast, their coats, food, anchor and ropes, they 
landed in the forest of Guines near Calais. They were en- 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 31 

thusiastically received in this town January 8th. They 
were offered a banquet, and a commemorative stone column 
was inaugurated in their presence on January 7th, 1786. 
Blanchard and Dr. Jefferies became the heroes of the day 
in Paris, and were presented at Versailles to Louis XVI, 
who complimented them. The Minister, de Breteuil, gave a 
dinner there in their honour. Dr. Jefferies has retraced 
the remembrance of these receptions in his memoirs: "A 
Narration of the Two Aerial Voyages of Dr. Jefferies with 
Mons. Blanchard" — London, 1786; a frontispiece portrait 
represents him beside his thermometer. 

After six weeks of triumphal receptions in Paris Jefferies 
returned, the 21st February, to England, where his first 
visit was to the cliffs of Dover from whence he had set 
out in the balloon. He was enthusiastically welcomed in 
London by his friends, and returned soon after to Bos- 
ton. 

Caumartin (Rue de) — {IX). 

Lycee Condorcet. 

No. 65. — Robert Milligan MacLane, of Wilmington, who 
was Ambassador to Paris from 1884 to 1889, was educated 
in Paris at the College de Bourbon, now the Lycee Con- 
dorcet. He was received by La Fayette, who, at the time 
of the Revolution of 1830, brought him with him to the 
Hotel de Ville to assist at the reception of the Due d'Or- 
leans, July 29th, and next day at the Palais-Royal. Mac- 
Lane returned to Paris in 1841 ; he then lived in the Fau- 
bourg St.-Honore. He resided again at Paris in 1853 and 
in 1863 ; when he gave up his post as Ambassador he passed 
his last years there, and died there on the 16th April 
1898. 

Chaillot (Rue de)— (XVI). 

No. 5. — The offices of the United States Embassy have 
been established here since 1914. 

The Ministers Plenipotentiary and the Ambassadors of 
the United States, to Paris, have been since the beginning : 

1776-1785: Benjamin Franklin. 
1785-1789: Thomas Jefferson. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



i 790- 1 792 
1792-1794 
1794-1797 
1798: 

1799-1801 : 

1801-1804: 
1804: 

1804-1810: 
1810-1811 : 
1810-1812: 
1813-1815: 
1815-1823: 
1817-1818 



1 823- 1 829 
1829: 
1 829- 1 832 
1832-1833 
1833: 

1833-1835 
1834-1835 
1 836- 1 842 
1837: 
1 842- 1 844 
1 844- 1 846 

1845-1847 
1 847- 1 849 
1 849- 1 853 
1853-1854 
1853-1859 

1855: 

1 859- 1 860 

18601861 

1861-1864 

1865-1866 

1866: 

1866-1869 



William Short, Charge d'Affaires. 
Gouverneur Morris. 
James Monroe. 

Mission: Charles Pinckney, John Marshall 
and Elbridge Gerry. 

Mission: Oliver Ellsworth, Williams Vans 
Murray and William R. Davey. 
Robert R. Livingston. 

James Monroe and Robert R. Livingston 
(Louisiana purchase.) 
John Armstrong. 

Jonathan Russell, Charge d'Affaires. 
Joel Barlow. 
William H. Crawford. 
Albert Gallatin. 

and 1823-1824: Henry Jackson, Charge 
d'Affaires; Daniel Sheldon, Charge 
d'Affaires. 
James Brown. 

John Adams Smith, Charge d'Affaires. 
William C. Rives. 
Nathaniel Niles, Charge d'Affaires. 
Leavitt Harris, Charge d'Affaires. 
Edward Livingston. 
Thomas P. Barton, Charge d'Affaires. 
Lewis Cass. 

Charles Anderson, Charge d'Affaires. 
Henry Ledyard, Charge d'Affaires. 
William R. King. 
J. L. Martin, Charge d'Affaires. 
Richard Rush. 
William C. Rives. 

Henry Shelton Sandford, Charge d'Affaires. 
John Y. Mason. 
Donn Piatt, Charge d'Affaires. 
William R. Calhoun, Charge d'Affaires. 
Charles J. Faulkner. 
William L. Dayton. 
John Bigelow. 

John Hay, Charge d'Affaires. 
John A. Dix. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



33 



1869-1877 
1877-1881 
1881-1884 
1884-1889 
1889- 1892 
1 892- 1 893 
1893-1897 
1897-1905 
1 905 -1 907 
1 907- 1 909 
1909-1912 
1912-1914 
1914-1919 
1919: 



Elihu B. Washburne. 

Edward F. Noyes. 

Levi P. Morton. 

Robert M. MacLane. 

Whitelaw Reid. 

Thomas Jefferson Coolidge. 

James B. Eustis, Ambassador. 

Horace Porter. 

Robert McCormick. 

Henry White. 

Robert Bacon. 

Myron T. Herrick. 

William G. Sharp. 

Hugh C. Wallace. 



No. 75. — About No. 75 (formerly No. 21), lived Bailly 
(1736-1793), member of the Academy of Sciences, who 
played an important part at the beginning of the Revolution, 
and who, in 1784, was, along with Franklin, one of the com- 
mission charged to control the experiments of magnetism 
of Mesmer. 

It is said that Franklin, going to see him in the Rue de 
Chaillot, remained two hours with him without uttering a 
word! This silence had throughout Paris a great success, 
and it was more spoken about than the most happy repartee 
would have been. This was a proceeding often employed 
by Franklin, who guessed, in the midst of the wits of the 
close of the XVIIIth Century, that the way to outshine 
them all was to hold his tongue. 

No. 95. — The Offices of the American Legation were 
established here from 1867 to 1886. 

Champ de Mars — (VII). 

Most of the big international exhibitions which have 
been held in Paris during the 19th Century took place on 
the Champ de Mars. The share which the United States 
has had in these exhibitions has always been more and 
more considerable. 

At the exhibition of 1867 about one thousand exhibitors 
from the United States could be reckoned out of a total of 
52,200. 



34 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

At the exhibition of 1878, which occupied not only the 
Champ de Mars, but also the Trocadero, the Ouai d'Orsay 
as far as the Alma and a part of the Esplanade des In- 
valides, the United States had 1,203 exhibitors out of 
52,835 ; 13,873 American visitors were counted. 

At the exhibition of 1889, which covered the same space 
as the former one, with the whole of the Esplanade des 
Invalides and part of the Champs-Elysees, out of 61,722 
exhibitors there were about 7,500 from the United States ; 
more than 56,000 Americans visited it. 

Finally at the exhibition of 1900 the participation of 
the United States rose to 7,610 exhibitors out of a total 
of 83,047. 

The former Galerie des Machines, built for the exhibi- 
tion of 1889 at the extremity of the Champ de Mars, near 
to the Ecole Militaire, sheltered, during the winter of 1901- 
1902, Barnum and Bailey's Show when it was touring 
Europe. 

In 1905 Buffalo Bill gave a series of shows on the vacant 
ground of the Champ de Mars not then built upon. 

Champs-Elysees (Avenue des) — (VIII). 

The Circus of the Champs-Elysees, demolished in 1902, 
which was near the Avenue Gabriel, close to the Theatre 
Marigny, exhibited in 1873 to the curious of Paris, the 
Misses Millie-Christine, a sort of Siamese twin sisters, 
with two heads, four arms and four legs, but with only 
one spine, who were born at Columbus (Ohio) : they gave 
a dinner at the Grand Hotel, the nth January, 1874, to the 
principal members of the Press. 

The Grand and the Petit Palais now occupy, since 1900, 
the site of the Palais de l'lndustrie which had been built 
for the Exhibition of 1855, and in which was held, in 1881, 
an International Exhibition of Electricity. The great Amer- 
ican inventor, Thomas A. Edison, sent the complete collec- 
tion of his inventions to it, among which that of the phono- 
graph had already been presented to the Academie des 
Sciences of Paris at its meeting of March nth, 1878; it was 
there the object of a new communication of Colonel 
Gouraud, the 23d April, 1889. Thomas Edison that year 
visited the Universal Exhibition. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 35 

No. 25.- — Travellers' Club. — This club numbers among its 
members a few Americans. It occupies, since 1904, the 
former Hotel de la Paiva, built in 1856 to 1866 ; the monu- 
mental door is the work of the sculptor Legrain, and the 
painter, Paul Baudry, executed some of the interior decora- 
tions. 

No. 82. — Committee and Review of France-America. 
Founded at the end of 1909 on the initiative and under 
the direction of M. Gabriel Hanotaux of the French 
Academy, the Committee France- America has as its object: 
(1) To work for the development of all kinds of relations 
between France and the two Americas. (2) To publish a 
review which will inform its adherents reciprocally on 
questions concerning America and France which might 
interest them. (3) To encourage all work and all action 
which will defend French interests in America, and make 
America known in France, or France in America. 

The Review France-America appeared for the first time 
in January 1910; this monthly publication admits sup- 
plementary reviews : France-United States, France-Canada, 
and France-Latin America. 

The Committee France-America seeks to develop direct 
personal relations between the elite of France and America ; 
thus in May 1912 it sent to the United States and Canada 
the delegation of the Champlain tricentenary. It wel- 
comes American people of note who come to Paris ; it has 
received, namely, Robert Bacon, Presidents Lowell of Har- 
vard, Butler of Columbia, Finley of New York, etc. A 
special section of France-United States has organised in 
Paris lectures on the relations of the United States and 
France. 

The committee proposes to organise in Paris an American 
House destined to receive and to inform Americans. Dur- 
ing the war it organised ceremonies in honour of the United 
States and of their joining the war. 

A like committee, France-America-Society, was created 
in New York in 1912; its headquarters is at the French 
House, No. 411 West 117th Street. 

No. 103. — Formerly Palace Hotel of the Champs-Elysees, 
which was occupied during the war by the services of the 
American Army. 



36 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

No. 104. — Was inhabited by James Gordon Bennett, 
owner of the New York Herald (1841-1918), of which he 
founded the Paris edition. He passed part of his life in 
Paris. He was the donor of the Cup of the Automobile 
Club which bears his name. 



Chateaudun (Rue de)— (IX). 

No. 55. — The Consulate General of the United States 
was located here between 1875 and 1880. 



Cherche-Midi (Rue du)— (VI). 

No. 40. — It was here that, at the beginning of March 
1780, happened to be ill, and on the point of departure for 
his Castle of Rochambeau, in the Vendomois, Lieu- 
tenant General Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, Comte 
de Rochambeau (1725-1807), then fifty-five years of age 
and seven years older than Washington. The post horses 
were ready for the road when he received, during the night, 
as he tells us in his memoirs, "a courier who brought him 
the order to go to Versailles to receive the orders of His 
Majesty." He received confirmation of the news that to 
him was to be confided the command of the troops sent to 
help the United States. 

Rochambeau had begun his military career at sixteen 
years of age under Marshal Saxe, like Washington, made 
colonel at twenty-two years of age, he had received at 
Laufeldt two serious wounds, and had taken part in the 
principal battles of the Seven Years' War; in his cam- 
paigns he had had as adversaries, by a curious coincidence, 
Lord Cornwallis and Clinton. Married very young, in 1749, 
to Mademoiselle Telles d'Acosta, he brought with him to 
America his young son, an officer at fourteen years of age, 
who returned later on to America to take part in the cam- 
paigns of Martinique and of St. Dominique, and died, a 
general, at Leipzig, in 1813. 

Rochambeau superintended in Paris, with the greatest 
care, the preparations for the departure of the troops with 
which he embarked at Brest, 2d May, 1780. The importance 
of the part which he played in the United States in the 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 37 

military operations and the taking of Yorktown is too 
well known to mention it here. He returned to France at 
the beginning of January 1783, and there found a magnifi- 
cent welcome : he received the blue ribbon of the St. Esprit, 
the government of Picardy, and, some years later, the baton 
of Marshal of France. He continued to maintain close cor- 
respondence with Washington, describing in particular the 
departure of Franklin, receiving from him letters of recom- 
mendation about American travellers, such as Gouveneur 
Morris and Joel Barlow. Rochambeau commanded in 1791 
the Army of the North, but being unable to re-establish 
discipline in it, he resigned the year following. Shut up 
during the Terror in the Prison of the Conciergerie, he 
was condemned to death by the revolutionary tribunal. He 
was about to step into the cart of the condemned when the 
executioner, seeing it full, called to him: "Wait a bit, old 
marshal! Your turn will come later on. . . ." The fall 
of Robespierre in July 1795 saved him. 

Rochambeau lived till 1807, spending his time between 
Paris and his Chateau of Rochambeau, where he died at 
the age of 82. He is buried in the little Cemetery of Thore, 
in a black and white marble sepulchre, now shaded by 
trees which have sprung from cuttings of those planted by 
Washington at Mount Vernon. 

At No. 40 of the Rue du Cherche-Midi his very fine 
dwelling still exists, the gardens alone having been de- 
stroyed. 

Rochambeau received for some time in his home, after 
his return from the United States, his former aide-de- 
camp, Louis, Baron de Closen, captain in the regiment of 
Royal Deux Ponts, who has left a diary which is very com- 
plete and full of picturesque details of his four years' stay 
in America. 

When the French branch of the Society of Cincinnati 
was organised in Paris it was in this house of Rocham- 
beau's that were held the first gatherings of officers be- 
longing to the French Army, particularly the Assembly 
General of 7th January, 1784, which subscribed 60,000 francs 
for the society in the United States ; those of French officers 
holding their commissions from Congress holding theirs at 
La Fayette's house, rue de Lille. 



38 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Cheverus (Rue)— (IX). 

Named in honour of Jean Lefebure de Cheverus, a 
French prelate (1768- 1836) who emigrated in 1792 first to 
England then to the United States, where he fulfilled peril- 
ous missions among the Red Indian tribes. He was named 
Bishop of Boston in 1810, then returned to France to fill 
the See of Montauban in 1823, and that of Bordeaux in 
1826. He received the cardinal's hat shortly before his 
death. 

Chevreuse (Rue de)— (VI). 

No. 4. — Headquarters of the American Red Cross. The 
activity of the American Red Cross in France has been con- 
siderable since the entry into the war of the United States. 
It began on the 12th July, 191 7, on which date twelve dele- 
gates of the A. R. C. arrived in France at the same time as 
General Pershing. The day of the signature of the Armistice 
more than 6,000 overseas workers had been drafted into 
the French service. This work has been directed in France 
by Mr. Henry P. Davison, president of the War Committee 
for Europe, and by Colonel Gibson, commissioner for 
France. 

The activity of the A. R. C. during the war was turned 
principally from the French canteens, whose number de- 
creased considerably, thanks to it, to the families of French 
soldiers in wanf, and to their children, for whom thirty 
hospitals or dispensaries were created ; in Paris particularly 
more than 5,000 homeless people were sheltered, thanks 
to it. Since the Armistice the A. R. C, while continuing 
to interest itself in the children, has occupied itself with 
the reconstruction of the devastated regions of the North 
of France, where it united its efforts with those of the 
French Government and of the French Societies of Aid; 
it has also occupied itself with the fight against tuberculosis, 
for which it has already spent more than eight million 
francs, with the useful help of the Rockefeller Commission 
against tuberculosis in France ; visits of propaganda and 
special exhibitions have been made, especially in Paris. 

Towards the end of September 1918 the number of beds 
in the sanitary formations of the A. R. C. were more than 
7,000. At the time of the signature of the Armistice the 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 89 

amount of subscriptions had attained 500 millions of francs ; 
the contributions in kind amounted to more than 400 mil- 
lions of francs. In Paris alone the A. R. C. created during 
the war a considerable number of organisations of all kinds, 
among others 11 canteens, 12 hotels, as likewise work- 
centres, workshops for the mutilated, offices for refugees, 
etc. It has also started a Ladies' Club at No. 8 Rue Cambon, 
and an Officers' Club at No. 4 Avenue Gabriel, in the 
former Hotel de la Tremouille. The central offices, which 
were for a long time at the Hotel Regina, Rue de Rivoli, 
have been transferred to the Rue de Chevreuse since the 
Summer of 1919. 

Claude-Lorrain (Rue)-^(XVI). 

No. 57. — The Cemetery of Auteuil founded in 1800 and 
enlarged in 1807 and 1847. It contains in particular the 
tombs of Mme. Helvetius, first buried in her garden, then 
transported to this cemetery in 1807, and of the Comte de 
Rumford, who died the nth August, 1814, and not 21st 
August, as is found on his tomb. This was destroyed in 
1871 by a shell from Mont Valerien during the Commune. 
It was restored in 1876 by the University of Harvard (Acad- 
emy of Arts and Sciences) and in particular by John Kar- 
rick Riggs, of Washington, who served in the American Am- 
bulance during the siege of Paris in 1870. Numerous 
Americans still come in pilgrimage to his tomb. 

Clauzel (Rue)— (IX). 

This street, made in 1830, has received the name of the 
Comte Bertrand de Clauzel (1772-1842), who made himself 
famous in America under the orders of Rochambeau. He 
died Marshal of France. 

Colisee (Rue du)— (VIII). 

No. 39. — Library and Musee de la Guerre (founded with 
the Henri Leblanc Collections). 

The English language section of the Bibliotheque et 
Musee de la Guerre contains an extensive collection of 
books, pamphlets, periodicals, and miscellaneous publica- 
tions dealing with the World War and its influence on the 
life of the nations. American authors and organisations 
have generally responded to the requests for documents 



40 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

and have donated many works of technical or general 
interest. On the other hand the United States Government 
has been most liberal in its support. The library has been 
placed on the mailing list of all official publications, and is 
in active correspondence with the various administrative 
bodies. The Paris Branch of the American Library Asso- 
ciation has bequeathed some two hundred books to the 
Library. It is the ambition of the "Bibliotheque de la 
Guerre" to provide unique opportunities for research by 
placing at the disposal of students and historians all the 
available material bearing on the great conflict. 

The Musee is an object lesson on the war. Reminiscences 
of an artistic character, pictorial associations and curios 
illustrate its different forms and phases, and complete the 
information collected at the Bibliotheque. The American 
Government gave many recruiting and loan posters. It has 
been particularly generous in supplying complete sets, as 
also have been the different organizations for relief and 
war work, beginning with the Red Cross, whose activity in 
France particularly remains recorded in a monumental col- 
lection of photographs. 

Concorde (Place de la)— (VIII). 

No. 6. — Hotel occupied by the Automobile Club of 
France to which many Americans belong. 

In 1900 James Gordon Bennett, in founding the Cup 
which bears his name, charged the Automobile Club of 
France to establish the rules of the automobile race for 
which it is the recompense, and, should it be so arranged, 
to be the depositary of it. 

It was in the Salle des Fetes of this club that a great 
banquet was given the 5th November, 1908, by the Aero Club 
de France in honour of Wilbur Wright, to whom were 
solemnly delivered the gold medal of the Aero Club 
awarded to his brother and to him, as well as the Medal of 
the Academie des Sports. Cortland Bishop, president of the 
Aero Club of America, was present at this banquet. 

No. 2. — Minister e de la Marine (former storehouse of 
Crown property). Captain Read, commander of the NC-4, 
the hero of the crossing of the Atlantic, was here received, 
4th June, 1919, by the Naval Minister Georges Leyees, 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 41 

with Captain J. Towers, Commander of the NC-3 ; Cap- 
tain Bellinger, Commander of the NC-i, and Rear Admiral 
Plunkett 

No. 10. — Hotel de Crillon, built in 1775, which has 
served as the residence of the American Delegation to the 
Peace Conference. General Pershing stopped there on his 
arrival in Paris in 191 7, before settling at 73 Rue de 
Varenne. 

The 4th of July 19 18 American Independence Day was 
celebrated on the Place de la Concorde by a military re- 
view, in which the American troops and flags of the French 
regiments formed by the regiments of the XVIIIth Cen- 
tury, and which made the American campaign under Ro- 
chambeau, took part. 

Conde (Rue de)— (VI) 

About 1777 a public subscription, the first that had ever 
taken place in France, was opened at an attorney's of the 
Rue de Conde for the execution of an engraving which 
was in honour of Franklin. "One can there see," said the 
prospectus published by the Journal de Paris, "Mr. Franklin 
freeing America ; he is embracing the Statue of Liberty, and 
Minerva is covering the wise lawgiver with her shield; 
Prudence and Courage are overthrowing their enemy (that 
is to say England), who, in her fall, drops down a Neptune 
whose trident is broken. To the right of Liberty, Agricul- 
ture, Commerce and the Arts applaud this revolution." 

Constantine (Rue de) — (VII). 

No. 31. — Hotel of the Due de La Rochefoucauld, where 
the Staff of General Pershing was established in June 
1917. 

Conti (Quai de)— (VI). 

No. 11. — Hotel de la Monnaie (The Parisian Mint). 

The Musee de la Monnaie contains a certain number of 
coins and medals of interest to the United States. 

1. Grande Salle. Among the glass cases arranged in the 
hall one of them contains souvenirs in the shape of Franco- 
American coins, among which the following may be noted : 

Medal commemorating the taking of the Bastille, with 
the head of Washington by Duvivier (1776). 



42 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Medals in honour of the Battle of Cowpens (1871), en- 
graved by Duvivier (infantry and cavalry). 

Medal commemorating the Peace with England (1783), 
engraved by Gatteaux and Duvivier. 

Medal struck in honour of Paul Jones, engraved by 
Dupre. 

Medal struck in honour of Franklin, engraved by Dupre. 

Medal struck in honour of Lafayette, engraved by Du- 
vivier. 

Medal struck in honour of Suffren. 

Medal struck in commemoration of the Commercial 
Treaty with America (1822), engraved by Andrien and 
Gayrard. 

. Medal of the Franco-American Union by Roty. Dollar 
La Fayette. „ 

All the medals encircle the medallion of the Second 
Centenary of the birth of Benjamin Franklin, the work of 
Louis and Augustus St. Gaudens, the only copy in gold 
given to the French Republic by the American nation. 

In a second glass case among the coins relating to the 
War of 1914-1919 are medals with effigies of Washington 
and La Fayette, of General Pershing, of Marshals Joffre 
and Foch and of President Wilson. 

A third glass case, reserved for foreign engravers, con- 
tains the works of the American engraver, V. D. Brenner; 
the painter Whistler; the transference of the remains of 
Admiral Paul Jones ; plaquettes with effigies of G. A. Lucas, 
S. P. Avery, W. A. Muhlenberg, etc. 

2. Troisieme Salle (looking onto the Quai). A glass 
case, reserved for the reign of Louis XVI, contains the 
medals of Washington, and of the taking of Boston, of 
Paul Jones, and of the Battle of Cowpens. 

3. Cinquieme Salle (looking onto the Quai). la one of 
the divisions of the circular glass case, in the centre of the 
hall, money in circulation in the United States and in the 
other States of America. 

A complete exhibition of all these souvenirs is at present 
under consideration. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 43 

The medal commemorating the surrender of Yorktown 
has this in particular, that it was engraved under the direc- 
tion of Franklin, during his stay in Paris, but with some 
alterations of the original idea. He mentions it in a letter 
of the 4th March 1782. On the face of the medal is en- 
graved the head of Liberty with the inscription LIBERTAS 
AMERICANA, and the date of the Independence : July 4th, 

1776. On the reverse is the figure of America, with the 
face of Hercules as a child struggling with two serpents; 
Minerva, emblem of France, protects the young god, with 
her shield covered with fleur-de-lys, against the attacks 
of the British leopard; the device is NON SINE DIIS 
ANIMOSUS INFANS ; below are engraved the dates of 
the two victories of Saratoga (the surrender of Burgoyne) 
and of Yorktown (surrender of Cornwallis) : 17th October, 

1777, and 19th October, 1781. 

In the same letter of March 4th, 1782, Franklin wrote: 
"France is truly a generous nation, loving glory, and par- 
ticularly proud of protecting the oppressed." 

The following medals are for sale by the administration 
of the Monnaie, in the special shop for this purpose, open 
every day, except Sundays and holidays, at the Monnaie, 
from 9 till 11 o'clock. The specimens in silver and in 
bronze are brought there by request; the specimens in gold 
should be ordered in advance. The price of the medals 
varies with the rates of the metals. 

Louis XVI 
No. of the Catalogue : 

10. Washington. The taking of Boston. 
18. Paul Jones. 

20. Battle of Cowpens (Cavalry). 

21. Battle of Cowpens (Infantry). 
43. Suffren. 

61. Franklin (two models) . 

Louis XVI. Constitutional Period 

5. La Fayette. 

13. La Fayette (with panels). 

14. La Fayette (round). 



44 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

The Franco- American Union (31 October 1886) (Roty). 
The Restoration of San Francisco (Bottee). 
America joins the Allies (Gregoire). 

Na. 23. — Palais de I'Institut de France (formerly College 
of Mazarin or des Quatre Nations). 

I. Institut. 

Among the foreign members, associates or correspond- 
ing, of the Institut de France, a certain number of American 
notabilities, such as Theodore Roosevelt, have always fig- 
ured. At the present time (1920) the following are asso- 
ciate members : 

President Woodrow Wilson (Academic des Sciences 
morales et politiques). 

The Due de Loubat (Academie des Inscriptions et Belles- 
Lettres). 

John S. Sargent (Academie des Beaux-Arts). 

As corresponding members : 

James Mark Baldwin (Academie des Sciences morales et 
politiques). 

William Wallace Campbell (Academie des Sciences). 

William Morris Davis (Academie des Sciences). 

Charles William Eliot (Academie des Sciences morales 
et politiques). 

William Gilson Farlow (Academie des Sciences). 

George Ellery Hale (Academie des Sciences). 

Charles Rockwell Lanman (Academie des Inscriptions 
et Belles-Lettres). 

Jacques Loeb (Academie des Sciences). 

Albert Michelson (Academie des Sciences). 

Edward Charles Pickering (Academie des Sciences). 

John Alexander Low Waddell (Academie des Sciences). 

Charles Doolittle Walcot (Academie des Sciences). 

A certain number of endowments have been created at 
the Institute by Americans. The Due de Loubat has estab- 
lished an annuity of 6,000 francs destined to come to the 
aid of savants momentarily arrested in their labours ; he has 
also established a triennial prize of 3,000 francs, which 
bears his name, to be enjoyed by the author of the best work 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 45 

on the History, Geography, Archaeology, etc., of the New 
World; likewise a quinquennial prize of 15,000 francs, 
called the Gaston Maspero prize, in favour of a work, or a 
collection of works relating to the Classical Ancient History 
of the East. 

Mr. John Sandford Saltus, of New York, has founded 
an annual prize of five hundred francs in favour of the 
author of a war picture accepted at the Exhibition of the 
Beaux-Arts of Paris. 

On many occasions the various classes of the Institute 
have chosen an event in the history or an institution of the 
United States as the subject of the concours. It was thus 
that, after the assassination of President Lincoln, which 
caused warm manifestations of sympathy from France, the 
French Academy made that event the subject of the prize 
for poetry of 1867; and that the prize Odilon Barrot, to be 
awarded in 1921 by the Academie des Sciences morales et 
politiques, has as subject "Local Self-government in the 
United States." 

President Wilson was present Thursday, December 19th, 
1918, at the reception of Marshal Joffre as Member of the 
Academie Frangaise, in the Salle des Seances Solennelles 
( formerly Chapel of Mazarin College) . 

2. The Bibliotheque Mazarin (entry in the courtyard to 
the left of the cupola of the Institut), contains a little 
known work of the Sculptor Jean- Jacques Caffieri (1725- 
1792) : it is the bust in terra-cotta, which he made of Ben- 
jamin Franklin, and which was shown in the Salon of 
1777. Behind the bust is the following inscription: "Ben- 
jamin Franklin, born at Boston, in America, the XVIII 
January 1706, made by J. J. Caffieri in 1777." A plaster 
copy of this bust is in the Library of the Institut. "This 
bust," says a newspaper of that time, "shows us a wise 
philosopher who seeks a remedy against the ills of his 
country. One can see his soul rising in indignation upon 
his face, the sweetness of which is changed by this senti- 
ment." 

Caffieri also received the order for a marble tomb for 
General Montgomery, killed before Quebec. This monu- 
ment was intended to be placed in the great Hall of the 



46 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

States-General of Philadelphia. Caffieri exhibited, at the 
Salon of 1777, the design for it, which was engraved by 
Augustin de Saint-Aubin; but the monument was never 
executed. 

Cortambert (Rue)— (XVI). 

No. 24. — Was inhabited by Loie Fuller, who lived many 
years in Paris, where she created and enacted her serpen- 
tine dance. She played at the Folies-Bergeres and at the 
Odeon. 

Courcelles (Boulevard de)— (XVII). 

NfO. 72. — Inhabited by Rene Viviani, former Minister, and 
Chief of the French Mission to the United States in 
1917. 

Dareau (Rue)— (XIV). 

No. 5. — Inhabited by Paul W. Bartlett, author of the 
equestrian statue of La Fayette, erected in the Square du 
Carrousel. A pupil of Fremiet and of Rodin, he obtained 
honourable mention at the Salon of 1887, and was declared 
Hors-Concours in 1889. He was a member of the Jury at 
the Exhibitions of 1889 and of 1900. He is a member of 
the American Art Association. 

Dauphine (Rue)— (VI). 

Nos. 16 and 18. — Site of a large building in which was 
founded in 1780 the Musee de Paris on the initiative 
of the philologist Court de Gebelin. Franklin was among 
the founders. 

The Musee de Paris was a learned society composed of 
men of letters, of savants and of artists, who met every 
Tuesday from 5 to 9 o'clock. This society then met in 
the hall of the Musee Scientifique, founded by Pilatre de 
Rozier, in the Rue Sainte-Avoze, now Rue du Temple. 

Denain (Boulevard) — (X). 

Gore du Chemin de Fer du Nord. The Railway of the 
Nord leads especially to the battlefields of the Somme and 
of the Aisne where the American troops fought, as well as 
to the American cemeteries of Bony, to the north of St. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 47 

Quentin, of Amiens, of Juvigny to the north of Soissons, 
and of Ploisy, to the south of Soissons. {See Suresnes.) 

Diderot (Boulevard)— (XII). 

No. 23. — It is on this site that was built the prison of 
Mazas, in which was confined as hostage in 1871, during 
the troubles of the Commune, the Archbishop of Paris, 
Mgr. Darboy. On the demand which was addressed to him 
by Mgr. Chigi, papal nuncio at Paris, Mr. Washburne, 
United States Ambassador, intervened in favour of the 
Archbishop, closely confined at Mazas since the beginning 
of April. 

Raoul Rigaut, purveyor of the Commune, authorised 
Washburne to communicate with Mgr. Darboy on the 23d of 
April. Washburne made use of his pass many times, six 
times up to the 18th of May, bringing to the Archbishop 
the newspapers and the news of the day. On the 21st of 
May he had some difficulty in seeing him, and could only 
converse with him in presence of the warders. The Arch- 
bishop was transferred the evening of the same day to 
La Roquette, where he was shot three days later. 

Dumont d'Urville (Rue)— (XVI). 

No. 53. — Hotel of Joseph Florimund, Due de Loubat, 
who often lives there, and who has founded, at the College 
de France, a Professorship of American Antiquities. He 
is a corresponding member of the Institut of France. 

Ecole de Medecine (Rue de 1')— (VI). 

Numerous American students have followed courses of 
the Faculty of Medecine here, where may be found recol- 
lections of some famous Americans. Before the Revolution 
the American surgeon, Benjamin Rush, visited the hospitals 
of Paris. During the war of 1870 Dr. James Marion 
Sims, who had been established many years in Paris where 
he had acquired a wide reputation, was at the head of the 
first ambulance which reached Sedan before the battle. 

Ecoles (Rue des)— (V). 

La Sorbonne. 

To the Inquiry Bureau is annexed a "Comite de patronage 
des Etudiants etrangers," founded in 1891 by M. Paul 



48 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



Mellon, and intended to give to those students a moral sup- 
port by supplying them with all necessary information as 
much from the point of view of their studies as from that 
of their material life. 

Since 1904, thanks to the personal efforts of Mr. James 
H. Hyde, and, officially, since 191 1, after an agreement be- 
tween the Universities of Harvard, Columbia and the 
French Ministry of Public Instruction, an exchange of lec- 
tures takes place between the University of Paris and these 
two universities, the classes for which are followed in 
Paris by a large French and American audience. The 
American lecturers, for the greater part from the Univer- 
sity of Harvard, who have succeeded one another at the 
Sorbonne and in the provincial universities till now (1920), 
are the following: 



1904- 
1905- 
1906- 
1907- 
1908- 



1909- 
1910- 

1911- 

1912- 

I9I3- 
1914- 

I9I5- 
1916- 



1917- 
1918- 
IQ19- 



905 : Barrett Wendel, of Harvard. 

906: D. Santayana, of Harvard. 

907 : A. C. Coolidge, of Harvard. 

908: G. P. Baker, of Harvard. 

909 : H. Van Dyke, of the University of Prince- 
ton, ex-minister of the United States to The 
Hague. 

910: Bliss Perry, of Harvard. 

91 1 : J. H. Finley, inspector-general of public 
instruction of New York State. 

912: W. M. Davis, of Harvard, first official lec- 
turer at the Sorbonne. 

913 : G. G. Wilson, of Harvard, and Jesse Macey 
of Grinnell College. 

914: W. Bocher, of Harvard, and C. H. Van 
Tyne, of Michigan University. 

915: W. A. Neilson, of Harvard; R. B. Merri- 
man, and E. H. Hall, of Harvard. 

916: C. H. Grandgent, of Harvard. 

917: W. C. Sabine, J. H. Woods, and J. B. Car- 
ter, ex-director of the American Academy of 
Rome, all three of Harvard. 

918: J. H. Woods, of Harvard. 

919 : Dean L. B. R. Briggs. 

920 : Dean Henry A. Yeomans. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 49 

From the ist March to the 1st July 1919, special classes 
reserved to students of the American Army, officers and 
soldiers, were organised by the University of Paris, aided 
by Mr. Stephen Bush; 904 students have followed these 
classes in the various faculties and schools following: 

Faculty of Letters, 372. 

Faculty of Sciences, 212. 

Faculty of Law, 196. 

Faculty of Medicine, 123. 

School of Pharmacy, 1. 

The University of Paris has organised for the scholastic 
year 1919-1920 another series of classes for American stu- 
dents, comprising: 

I. Classes in the French language given by the Alliance 
Franchise in its quarters, 101 Boulevard Raspail. 

II. General classes of French civilisation intended for 
students who, perfectly understanding French, desire to, 
gain a knowledge of the whole history, geography, litera- 
ture, ideas of art, of politics, and of institutions of France. 
These classes are given at the Sorbonne, at the Faculte des 
Sciences, at the Faculte de Droit, and at the Faculte de 
Medecine. 

III. Classes for graduates specially organised at the 
Faculte des Sciences and at the Faculte de Medecine, and 
for the other faculties and schools, regular classes open to 
American students prepared to follow an advanced and 
specialised instruction. 

Some scholarships have been granted to American stu- 
dents by The Society for American Fellowships in French 
Universities. 

Regular or free classes, treating of America, have been, on 
the other hand, organised, and are now being professed at 
the Sorbonne. Thus it is that during the war M. Firmin Roz 
has given a free course of lectures in 1916-17 on "American 
Idealism," and in 191 7-18 on Washington and Lincoln. A 
regular course of Literature and of American Civilisation 
was founded there in 1918. The present holder of the 
professorship, Mr. Charles Cestre, formerly Master of Arts 
of Harvard University, where he was professor in 1917- 
1918, spoke on "America and the War," during the first 
year (1918-1919). 



50 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

The President of Columbia University, Mr. Nicholas 
Murray Butler, offered, during the war, to the University 
of Paris, thanks to the "Carnegie Endowment," a "North 
American Library at the Sorbonne," comprising already, 
in November 1919, a basis of 2,000 volumes on the litera- 
ture, history and the different institutions of the United 
States. 

The Harvard Club of Paris, which has for its aim the 
reunion of the old Harvard students living in France, was 
founded in 1913 on the initiative of Robert Bacon and 
James H. Hyde. It meets several times a year at dinners 
and evening entertainments, but has no headquarters. Robert 
W. Bliss, adviser to the United States Embassy, was its 
president in 1919. 

The great amphitheatre of the Sorbonne, where Theodore 
Roosevelt had already been received in 1910, has served, 
during the war, for many manifestations of Franco- Amer- 
ican sympathy, among which have been : 

On the 29th May, 191 5, a solemn ceremony organised 
in homage to the French artists and writers in the United 
States. 

On the 23rd of November, 1916, lecture by M. Alexandre 
Millerand, now president of France, on the Charitable Effort 
of the United States; M. Boutroux of the Academie Fran- 
chise, and Mr. W. G. Sharpe, Uinited States Ambassador, 
also made speeches. 

College de France. — The Due de Loubat, associate mem- 
ber of the Institut de France, founded in 1903 at the Col- 
lege de France a professorship of American Antiquities 
worth 9,000 francs a year, the present holder of which is 
M. Capitan, member of the Academie de Medecine. He 
has assisted pecuniarily the Manual of American Archaeol- 
ogy of H. Beuchat; likewise the excavating at Delos, and 
the publication of the excavations of Delphes, both carried 
out by the French School in Athens. 

Edward VII (Rue)— (IX). 

No. <?.— Headquarters of the Y. W. C. A. _ The Y. W. 
C. A. began its activities in France and in Paris in October 
191 7, at the request of English and French organisations, 
and in answer to the appeal of the Y. M. C. A. ; at that 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 51 

date a mission was sent from the United States composed 
of Miss Henrietta Roelofs, administrative directress; Miss 
Mary A. Dingman, charged with the study of the situation 
of French women, and Miss Katy Boyd George, to watch 
over the situation of American women. 

Since that date the Y. W. C. A. has worked, with growing 
activity, to establish, in Paris as well as in the provinces, 
four main lines of work: 

Nurses' Clubs. 

Hostess Houses. 

Signal Corps Houses. 

French Foyers des Allies. 

All these works have been kept going by private sub- 
scriptions gathered in the United States. 

There were five centres of work in December 1917, 
and 93 at the end of 1919. Speaking only of its activity in 
Paris, the Y. W. C. A. has opened three hotels destined prin- 
cipally for the use of American women employed in war 
work ; the first, the Hotel de Petrograd, 33 Rue de Caumar- 
tin, in December 1917; the second, the Oxford and Cam- 
bridge hotel, 13 Rue d'Alger, in February 1919; the third, 
l'hotel du Palais-Royal, 4 Rue de Valois, in April 191 9. 
Also in Paris have been founded eight Foyers des Allies 
by this work, so as to provide, during hostilities, for the 
workers in war factories comfortable recreation rooms 
where they would find a home-like atmosphere. 

The Y. W. C. A. has been directed in Paris by Miss 
Harriet Taylor, of New York. 

Elysee (Rue de 1')— (VIII). 

No. 10. — The American Library Association has opened 
here, since the Summer of 1919, to all American and French 
citizens without distinction, the library which was estab- 
lished during the war for the use of the troops of the 
American Expeditionary Forces. This library, which com- 
prises about 15,000 volumes, renders the greatest services 
as much to French as to American residents of Paris, who 
there find a documentation of the most useful kind for 
everything concerning American history, literature and 
science. 

The library is open every day from 9 o'clock in the morn- 



m AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

ing to 10 o'clock in the evening, and on Sundays from 2 
o'clock in the afternoon to 10 o'clock in the evening. 

During the war the American Library Association sent 
to the American troops in France more than 1,800,000 books 
from January 191 8, the date at which it began its work by 
the opening of an office for centralisation and expedition 
at Hoboken, until the 1st February, 1919. Sending these 
books permitted the foundation of many libraries in the 
provinces, and the creation in 1918 of the library of the Rue 
de l'Elysee, which has been made use of by more than 30,000 
members of the American Expeditionary Forces. 

Estrapade (Rue de 1')— (V). 

No. 34. — The celebrated sculptor David d' Angers (1789- 
1856), the sculptor of busts of La Fayette and of Washing- 
ton, which are placed in the hall of Congress of the United 
States in Washington, lived here from 1822 to 1824. He 
also executed the statue of Jefferson which is placed in the 
Capitol in Washington; a replica of this work is to be 
seen at Angers, his native city, to which it was offered by 
Mr. Jefferson M. Levy of New York. 

Etats-Unis (Place des)— (XVI) 

Created in 1866, this Place has successively borne the 
names of Galilee and of Bitchie; it received its present 
name in 1881. In the square stands the monument of 
Washington and La Fayette, in memory of the two heroes 
of American independence. The statues, in bronze, are the 
work of the Sculptor Bartholdi ; the pedestal was executed 
by the architect C. Formige. The monument, given to the 
City of Paris by Joseph Pulitzer, owner of the New York 
World, was inaugurated at the beginning of December, 
1895. A replica of this monument was unveiled in New 
York at the end of April, 1900. A ceremony in honour of 
the Americans who died for France took place before this 
monument, 30th May, 1916. At No. 11 of the Place is the 
Hotel Bischoffsheim, home of M. and Mme. Francis de 
Croisset, where President Wilson stayed during his second 
residence in Paris for the work of the Peace Conference, 
after his return from the United States, the 14th March, 
1919, until the 28th June of the same year. In the study 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 53 

which he used there, several meetings of the "Four" took 
place (President Wilson, Clemenceau, Lloyd George, 
Orlando) . 

No. j was the residence in 1882 and 1883 of Levi P. 
Morton, United States Minister-Plenipotentiary. 

No. 6. — Two United States Ministers-Plenipotentiary 
have lived here, Levi P. Morton in 1884 and Robert M. 
MacLane in 1885- 1886. 

Eylau (Avenue d')— (XVI). 

No. 14. — Was inhabited from 1914 to 1919 by W. G. 
Sharp and Hugh Wallace, Ambassadors of the United 
States to Paris. 

Ferou (Rue)— (VI). 

No. 15. — It was here that Whistler executed the fine 
portrait of the painter Fantin-Latour who lived in this 
house. 

Fleurus (Rue de)— (VI). 

No. 1. — Headquarters of the "American University 
Union in Europe." The American University Union, 
founded in Paris, 6th July, 1917, established its headquarters 
in this building from the 1st November 1919, after having 
occupied the Hotel du Palais-Royal Rue de Richelieu. 

During the war it served as a club for all the students 
of American universities serving with the American troops ; 
at the end of June 1919 about 30,000 of them were enrolled 
on its registers. It has for its principal aims : 

(1) To furnish to American students a centre for study 
and meeting, with a reading and writing room, library, etc. 

(2) To favour by all possible means a closer interchange 
between the universities of the Allied countries and the 
American universities by encouraging the exchange of pro- 
fessors, of scholarship holders and of students, by regulat- 
ing the questions of the equal value of studies and of diplo- 
mas, by spreading reciprocal knowledge of the universities 
of the Allies. 

American students especially find here a clearing house 
of information on everything concerning American and 
French universities, likewise information concerning lodg- 
ings and boarding houses. 



54 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

The City of Paris during the war offered to the American 
University Union a piece of ground situated between the 
Sorbonne and the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, on which a house 
for American students in Paris will be built. 

The American University Union is at the present time 
directed by Charles B. Vibbert, director, and Horatio L. 
Krans, secretary (1920). 

Francois I er (Rue)— (VIII). 

No. 5. — Was, during the war, the headquarters of the 
"American Relief Clearing House" founded by Myron T. 
Herrick to co-ordinate the efforts of the charitable associa- 
tions of the United States; this work forwarded to their 
intended possessors the innumerable gifts of American gen- 
erosity, being, from November 1914 to June 1917: 150,000 
cases, 12 millions in cash, and 86 millions in provisions of 
all sorts. In 191^ it forwarded its accounts to the Amer- 
ican Red Cross directly the United States joined the war. 

No. 5. — Former hotel of Mme. Ridgway, which was the 
residence of the United States Embassy from 1907 to 1914. 
President Theodore Roosevelt stopped here in 1910, from 
the 2 1 st to the 28th of April, during the short stay which 
he made in Paris. 

No. 55. — Hotel occupied by the Aero Club of France. 
James Gordon Bennett gave to this club in November 
1905 the cup which bears his name. 

Francs Bourgeois (Rue des) — (III). 

Barras owned a hotel at former No. 14 ; he gave it to his 
steward, then came back and lived in it in 18 14. 

No. 60. — Archives Nationales. The Archives Nationales 
installed in the Hotel de Soubise, built in 1706, contain a 
certain number of documents concerning the history of the 
Franco-American diplomatic relations, as, for example, auto- 
graphs of Jefferson, of Vergennes, etc. 

During the war, in 1916, the President of the Republic 
deposited at the Archives Nationales a register containing 
500 signatures of Americans of note, which had been given 
to him in June of the same year by Dr. Morton Prince. This 
volume is entitled "America to France/' It was presented 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 55 

to the Republic of France "as a token of profound admira- 
tion and esteem of the signers for the spirit and valour of the 
French nation." 

The book as well as the Convention of the 30th April, 
1803, between France and the United States, is on exhibition 
in the main hall of the Archives. 

In the last room of the museum, in a glass case and 
among the old bindings is an extract of Paul Jones' diary- 
presented by him to Louis XVI, the 1st January, 1786. 

Franklin (Rue)— (XVI). 

This was in the XVIIIth Century a road which was called 
Rue Neuve-des-Minimes. It received its present name by 
a decree, dated September 3rd, 1791, of the Counsul General 
of the Commune of Passy; it would seem that Franklin 
lived, in 1776, at No. 21, for a short time, before going 
to live in the Rue Raynouard. 

In a little square which is to be found in that part of 
the street near to the Place du Trocadero, was inaugurated, 
27th April, 1906, on the occasion of the bicentenary of his 
birth, a bronze statue of Benjamin Franklin, by J. J. Boyle. 
The bas-relief is the work of Fr. Brou. This statue was 
offered to fhe City of Paris* by John H. Harjes. 

Georges Clemenceau lives at No. 8. 

Galilee (Rue)— (VIII). 

N°- 59- — Was occupied from 1887 to 1897 by the Offices 
of the Chancellor of the American Legation. 

Gaillon (Rue)— (II). 

On the site of No. 1, destroyed when the Avenue de 
FOpera was cut through, rose in 1793 a private Hotel of 
the United States, one of the first so-called in Paris. The 
Conventionalist Saint- Just lived here. 

Georges-Guynemer (Rue) — '(VI). 

No. 38. — Office of the New York Tribune. It was as 
special correspondent of the New York Tribune that 
Charles A. Dana began in Paris his journalistic career, by 
making reports at the moment of the Revolution of 1848. 



56 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Gobelins (Avenue des) — (XIII). 

No. 42. — Manufacture des Gobelins established here by 
Colbert in 1667. 

The factory placed on the loom in 1920 a tapestry rep- 
resenting the departure of the American troops from the 
United States, and their march past the monument of Inde- 
pendence, the model of which, by G. L. Jaulmes, was shown 
at the Salon d'Automne of 1919, and is destined for the 
city of Philadelphia. 

Grande- Armee (Avenue de la) — (XVI and XVII). 

No. 80. — John Bigelow, Minister Plenipotentiary of the 
United States, lived here in 1865. 

Grande Chaumiere (Rue de la) — (VI). 

No. 5. — American Chapel of Saint Luke. 

Grange-aux-belles (Rue) — (X). 

Nos. 41-43. — Site of the foreign Protestants' cemetery 
in Paris, in which was buried Paul Jones in 1792. 

This cemetery was situated in the XVIIIth Century, since 
1762, at the western angle of the Rue de l'Hopital Saint- 
Louis, now Rue Grange-aux-belles, and of the Rue des 
Morts, now Rue des Ecluses-Saint-Martin. Its site is occu- 
pied now by exactly five houses : No. 1 of the Rue des 
Ecluses-Saint-Martin, where formerly the entrance gate of 
the cemetery opened ; Nos. 47 and 45 of the Rue Grange- 
aux-belles, which correspond to the courtyard and the Nos. 
41 and 43 of the same street where was the garden in which 
the burials took place. 

It was there that, the 20th July, 1792, was buried the 
admiral. A delegation of the Constitutional Assembly as- 
sisted at the ceremony with the commissary of the King, 
Simonneau, especially charged with the supervision of 
Protestant burials. Pastor Marron pronounced a moving 
speech over the tomb. In July 1899 the United States 
Embassy in Paris engaged in a search for the burial place 
of Paul Jones, but it could be positively identified only 
through the knowledge of a generous act of the commis- 
sary of the King, Simonneau. Jones having died penni- 
less, one of his friends, Colonel Blakstein (or Blackden) 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 57 

addressed himself to the latter for the purpose of obtaining 
a free burial. Simonneau generously promised, the 19th 
July, at the Constitutional Assembly, to himself defray the 
expenses, and it is thanks to him that Jones was buried in a 
lead coffin filled with alcohol. 

The work of research was again undertaken in February 
1905. It necessitated the sinking of a well and the creation 
of many galleries, the ground of the old cemetery sloping 
downwards. The coffin was discovered, the 15th April, at a 
depth of a yard and a half, in the courtyard of No. 41 of 
the Rue Grange-aux-belles. This site corresponds exactly 
with the extremity of the central alley which, starting from 
a flight of steps leading into the garden, ended in the tombs 
ranged at the foot of the wall of the southern enclosure. 
The coffin had thus been deposed in a place of honour. 

The coffin was transported on April 9th to the School of 
Medicine, where the body, which was found to be surpris- 
ingly well preserved, was examined and identified; the 
traces of the malady to which Jones had succumbed could 
be recognised, and even the absolute conformity between 
the measures taken on the bust of Houdon and on the head 
itself could be verified. 

On the 6th of July a service was celebrated at the Ameri- 
can Church of the Avenue de l'Alma, now Avenue Georges 
V, in memory of the Admiral, whose remains were then 
taken in great solemnity to the Gare des Invalides to be 
transported to> America via Cherbourg. The American 
Government had sent on that occasion to Paris a detach- 
ment of sailors and of marines who escorted the coffin, 
placed on an artillery wagon, and decorated with flags be- 
longing to the two nations. 

From Cherbourg the American cruiser Brooklyn, on 
board of which was Mr. Loomis, a special envoy of the 
United States Government, transported the body of the 
celebrated admiral to America. 

Grange-Bateliere (Rue)— (IX). 

It was in this street at the furnished Hotel of the Grange- 
Bateliere, that Oliver Ellsworth and William R. Davey, 
charged with a mission to the French Government with 
William Vans Murray, stopped, in 1800. 



58 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Grenelle (Pont de)— -(XVI). 

In the centre of this bridge was erected in 1889 a statue 
of Liberty illuminating the World by Bartholdi, which is a 
reduced replica of that of New York. It was offered by a 
group of Americans. 

Grenelle (Rue de)--(VII). 

Talleyrand lived in the Rue de Grenelle on his return 
from America, from 1797 to 1804, in the former Hotel de 
Maurepas. 

No. 87. — Barbe-Marbois lived here from 1807 to 1815. 

Gretry (Rue)— (II). 

No. 5. — Brissot (1754-1793), who played a considerable 
part in the French Revolution, lived here from 1790 to 
1793, shortly after his return from the United States. He 
had founded in Paris, in 1787, the French Society of the 
Friends of the Blacks, in imitation of that which had been 
shortly before created in England, and, with Saint-Jean de 
Crevecceur and some other friends, a Society Gallo-Ameri- 
caine, the first of its kind, whose members met "to confer 
on the public and reciprocal good of France and the United 
States." One of the aims of the association was to draw 
into closer relation "the French individual and the Amer- 
ican individual." The Society was to publish books, import 
newspapers from America, works, law-texts, and to welcome 
"the Americans whose business brought them to France." 
Brissot arrived in Boston in July 1788, visited Franklin 
who was very ill, and Washington. On his return he pub- 
lished an account of this under the name of "New Voyage 
to the United States of North America," Paris, 3 volumes, 
1 791. This work served largely to make America favour- 
ably known in Europe, for it was translated into English, 
German and Dutch. 

Haussmann (Boulevard) — (IX). 

No. 41. — The Farmers' Loan and Trust Co. Here also 
was established, during the war, the headquarters of the 
"Committee of Jewish Welfare" (Jewish Bequest) started 
in France during the last months of the war for the pur- 
pose of looking after the Jews in the American Army, 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 59 

Fourteen centres of action were created in France by it, 
one being in Paris where the soldiers found the services 
of their religion, and recreation rooms with books, etc. 

Hauteville (Rue d')— (X). 

No. jo. — The United States Consulate was established 
here from 1842 to 1844. 

Henri IV (Boulevard)— (IV). 

No. 3. — At the eastern point of the He St. Louis and 
Opposite No. 3 of the Boulevard Henri IV, stands the 
monument erected in 1894 to the great animal sculptor 
Barye, thanks to the subscriptions, not only of his fellow- 
countrymen, but also of a large number of his American 
admirers. 

Hoche (Avenue). 

No. 35. — Two Ministers Plenipotentiary of the United 
States to Paris have lived here: Whitelaw Reid in 1890 
and 189 1, and Thomas Jefferson Coolidge in 1892. 

Horloge (Quai de 1')— (I). 

No. 1. — La Conciergerie, which occupies the lower floor 
of the right wing of the Palais de Justice, and serves as a 
depot for the accused during their trial, was, during the 
Revolution, the place of detention of illustrious prisoners, 
among whom were Marie Antoinette and two former com- 
batants of the American War, the Comte de Fersen, who, 
faithful to the Queen, tried unsuccessfully to procure her 
escape, and the old Marshal de Rochambeau, who was con- 
demned to death by the Revolutionary tribunal. It is told 
that at the moment that he was about to get into the cart of 
the condemned the executioner, finding it full, cried out to 
him, "Get away, old marshal! Your time will come later 
on." The 9th Thermidor saved him from the guillotine, 
and his wounds were tended at the Archeveche. 

Biron, who, under the name of Due de Lauzun, made the 
American campaign, was also confined in the Conciergerie; 
when he returned there after his condemnation by the 
Revolutionary Tribunal, he saluted the other prisoners and 



60 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

said to them unconcernedly: "By my faith! friends, it is 
finished: I am going away." 

Successive transformations have notably altered the 
character of this prison ; the former quarters of the men in 
particular have been completely modified. (The only visit- 
ing day is Thursday, with a permit from the Prefecture of 
Police, Bureau des Prisons, for the cell of Marie Antoinette, 
that of Robespierre, and the Hall of the Girondins.) 



Hotel de Ville— (IV). 

The former Hotel de Ville of Paris, burnt during the 
Commune in 1871, and the present Hotel de Ville have 
been the setting of frequent Franco-American manifesta- 
tions of sympathy. 

On the 25th November 1783 was published throughout 
the streets of Paris the Royal Command which proclaimed 
the Peace of Versailles ; for the last time in the history of 
the French Monarchy this ceremony was accomplished with 
traditional pomp. The Chevalier de la Haye, King-at-Arms 
of France, accompanied by six Heralds-at-Arms, and pre- 
ceded by the music of the Chambre and of the Ecuries du 
Roi, went to the Hotel de Ville to seek the Provost of 
Merchants, the Corps de Ville and le Chatelet. He went 
with them to the fourteen public places designated by 
custom, and in each of them, after the three customary ring- 
ings of bells, he ordered the first Herald to read the order 
aloud. After which he returned to the Hotel de Ville to 
which he brought back the Provost of the Merchants and 
the Magistrates. 

The 14th of December following the city was illuminated ; 
there was a display of fireworks on the Place de l'Hotel de 
Ville, and balls with orchestras and buffets were organised 
at the crossroads. 

In the Great Hall, situated on the first floor, took place, 
28th September, 1786, at noon, the inauguration of the 
bust of La Fayette by Houdon. In virtue of two delibera- 
tions of the State of Virginia (17th December, 1781, and 
1st December, 1784), Jefferson, United States Minister 
Plenipotentiary in France, had been charged to order in 
their name from the sculptor Houdon a bust of the Marquis 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 61 

de La Fayette and to offer it to the Bureau de la Ville de 
Paris. Louis XVI approved of this offer and the ceremony 
of handing 1 over the bust took place 28th September, 1786. 
After a speech from Louis Le Pelletier, Provost of Mer- 
chants, Short, Jefferson's secretary, read a letter from the 
latter who, being ill, was unable to attend the ceremony, 
as also the text and the translation of the deliberation of 
the State of Virginia ; after him M. Ethis de Corney, Advo- 
cate and Attorney for the King and of the City, pronounced 
a final discourse. The bust of La Fayette was placed on 
the chimneypiece at the end of the Great Hall on the 
first floor; it was destroyed on the Revolutionary day of 
10th August, 1792; another copy of this bust made by 
Houdon in 1787 is to be found now in the State Library 
in Richmond. 

In 1 79 1 the City of Paris offered to La Fayette the marble 
bust of Washington by Pilon. 

When the Revolution of July 1830 broke out Robert 
Milligan MacLane, who later became United States Ambas- 
sador to Paris, accompanied La Fayette to the Hotel de 
Ville for the reception of the Due d'Orleans, on July 29th, 
and the next day to> the Palais-Royal, when the Due 
d'Orleans was proclaimed Lieutenant-General. 

At the time of the Revolution of 1848 Richard Rush, 
United States Minister in France from 1847 t0 l %49> was 
the first to recognise the new regime by order of his gov- 
ernment. On the 6th March 1848 a deputation of the 
Americans of Paris came to the Hotel de Ville to find the 
provisional government ; Mr. Goodrich spoke in their name, 
and offered two American flags as emblems of the ever- 
lasting alliance between the two nations. M. Arago 
answered in the name of the provisional government and 
accepted the flags to place them in the Hotel de Ville. 

Under the Second Empire the Library of the Hotel de 
Ville, destroyed in 1871 during the troubles of the Com- 
mune, was enriched by a remarkable collection of books 
given by different States of the United States. This col- 
lection numbered about 20,000 volumes and comprised in 
particular the documents of Congress and documents of 
every nature published by the federal administration. 

The Golden Book of the Ville de Paris preserves the 



62 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

recollection of many receptions given in the new Hotel de 
Ville to notabilities of American associations: 

September 1884: Reception of the President of the 
Municipal Council of Boston. 

27th June, 1889: Reception of the Society of Civil En- 
gineers of the United States. 

9th September, 1889: Gala dinner given in honour of 
Edison. 

14th October, 1890 : Reception of the Congress of Ameri- 
canists. 

5th July, 1905 : Reception of Mr. Loomis, United States 
Ambassador Extraordinary, of the Admiral Commander-in- 
Chief and Officers of the American Squadron come to 
France for the translation of the remains of Admiral Paul 
Jones. 

5th July, 1913 : Visit of an American mission charged by 
the United States Government to study the organisation 
and the working of the institutions of credit, of co-operation 
and of agricultural mutuality. 

22nd April, 1917: Reception of Mr. Sharp, United States 
Ambassador. 

6th September, 1917: A flag offered by the city of Phila- 
delphia was flown over the Hotel de Ville. 

26th October, 1917: Visit of representatives of New 
Orleans, on the occasion of the bicentenary of its founda- 
tion. 

6th April, 1918 : Reception of Mr. W. G. Sharp, Ambassa- 
dor, of Mr. Baker, Secretary of War, and of members of 
the American Colony on the occasion of the anniversary 
of the entry of the United States into the war. 

10th May, 1918: Visit of representatives of the American 
Federation of Labour, and of delegates of the American 
universities. 

3rd August, 1918 : Reception of Mr. Hoover, Minister of 
Supplies of the United States. 

14th November, 1918: Reception of Mr. Davison, Presi- 
dent of the War Committee of the American Red Cross, 
and the representatives of the American Red Cross, 

On 16th December, 1918, President Wilson was solemnly 
received at the Hotel de Ville by the Municipal Council and 
the Prefect of the Seine : he put his signature to the Livre 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 63 

d'Or during the ceremony. President Wilson was accom- 
panied by Mrs. and Miss Wilson, by Mr. and Mrs. R. 
Lansing, by Mr. William G. Sharp, Mr. Henry White, 
General Bliss, General Pershing, Admiral Benson and Gen- 
eral Hart; speeches of welcome were addressed to him by 
M. Mithouard, President of the Municipal Council, and by 
the Prefect of the Seine. A gold medal of the Ville de 
Paris was offered to him. Three days before, on the 13th 
December, the Municipal Council had conferred on him the 
title of citizen of Paris, which had never before been be- 
stowed. 

On 3d July, 1919, the Municipal Council of Paris and the 
Prefect of the Seine gave at the Hotel de Ville a reception 
in honour of the delegates of the American Army and 
Navy. These were represented by General Pershing, Ad- 
miral Knapp, Lieutenant General Hunter Ligget, Admirals 
Long, Wiley, Halstead, Major Generals Summerall, Hines, 
Harboard, Brewster, Brigadier General Hart, and a large 
number of officers of the American Army and Navy. After 
the signing of the Livre d'Or speeches were pronounced by 
the President of the Municipal Council M. Evain, the 
Prefect of the Seine, M. Autrand, and by General Persh- 
ing. Marshal Foch assisted at this ceremony. 

On the 25th October 1919, Mrs. William Astor Chanler, 
and Mr. John Moffat, President and Chairman of the 
French Heroes La Fayette Memorial Fund, and of the 
American Agency for Relief in France, were received at 
the Hotel de Ville by the President of the Municipal Council 
and the Prefect of the Seine, who recalled on this occasion 
the grandiose work accomplished in France by the Ameri- 
can Red Cross. 

Iena (Avenue d')— (XVI). 

When it was the Rue des Batailles in the XVIIIth Cen- 
tury, Abbe Raynal died there suddenly in 1796, at the house 
of one of his friends who lived at No. r. He was the 
author of one of the most famous among the books which 
had appeared at that time consecrated to America, "The 
Philosophical History of the Two Indies," this work, which 
sang the praise of the Americans, and particularly of Frank- 
lin, and supported the prestige of the United States, was 



64) AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

due to several collaborators, of whom Abbe Raynal was 
the moving spirit; he contributed much to the infatuation 
for the Quakers whose religion was looked upon as that of 
every American. French society of that period was al- 
ready eager for equality, and looked upon America as the 
paradise of the human species and of liberty. 

Iena (Place d')— (XVI). 

In the centre of the Place stands the bronze statue of 
Washington, the work of Daniel Chester French, sculptor, 
and of Edward Potter, architect. This statue was offered 
by the women of the United States of America "in memory 
of the friendship and fraternal aid given by France to their 
fathers during the struggle for Independence." It was in- 
augurated the 3rd July, 1900. 

It is curious to recall, in relation to this, that, in 1800, 
after the death of Washington, a project was formed to 
erect a statue to him ; events alone prevented its realisation. 
Talleyrand drew up the text of the decree, and recalled, in 
his statement of the motives, the similarity of sentiments 
between France "and this people who one day will be a 
great people, who now are the wisest and the hapjriest 
people of the earth," and who "lament the death of the 
man who, by his courage and his genius, contributed most 
to free it from its yoke so as to elevate it to the rank of 
independent and sovereign nations." 

No. 5. — Has been inhabited, since the end of 1919, by the 
United States Ambassador to Paris, Hugh Wallace. 

Invalides (Eglise des). 

When the news of the death of Washington, the 14th De- 
cember, 1799, reached France early in 1800, solemn honours 
were rendered to his memory throughout the country and 
particularly at Paris. For ten days the officers of the 
French Army wore mourning and flags were at half-mast. 
General Bonaparte addressed to the troops an eloquent order 
of the day in which he said: "Washington is dead. This 
great man fought against tyranny. His memory will be 
always cherished by the French people as by all free men 
of the two worlds, and especially by the French soldiers 
who, like him and the American soldiers, fought for equal- 
ity and liberty." 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 65 

In the Church of the Invalides, which was then called 
the Temple of Mars, a grandiose ceremony took place to 
celebrate the memory of Washington, February 8th, 1800. 
Bonaparte, first Consul, assisted at the head of all the high 
Government functionaries; detachments of the garrison of 
Paris filled the side aisles. The funeral oration of Wash- 
ington was pronounced by Louis de Fontanes, the most 
celebrated orator of the epoch. 

In the centre of the nave stood the bust of Washington, 
surrounded with laurels, and draped with the flags of both 
nations. In memory of the flags of Yorktown, formerly 
placed in the Independence Hall in Philadelphia, at the 
feet of the President of Congress and of Gerard de Ray- 
neval, Minister of France, General Lannes placed before the 
picture of the former General-in-Chief ninety-six flags cap- 
tured from the enemy by the armies of the Republic. 

Invalides (Esplanade des)— (VII). 

In 1830 a plaster bust of La Fayette could be seen there 
surmounting a fountain. 

Invalides (Hotel des). 

Created in 1670 by Louis XIV to receive officers and 
men of the troops rendered invalid through war, this superb 
hotel, constructed by Liberal Bruant, was inhabited by the 
Prince Jerome Bonaparte, who was Governor of the In- 
valides from 1848 to 1852, under the presidence of his 
nephew; he had married in 1803, at Baltimore, Miss Pat- 
terson, but this marriage was never approved by Na- 
poleon I. 

On the 4th of July, 1917, to celebrate Independence Day, 
there took place in the large courtyard of the Invalides the 
delivery to General Pershing of a flag draped with lace, 
the gift of the city of the Puy, and of two standards of 
command offered by the descendants of the French officers 
who had taken part in the War of Independence. At the 
same time the flag of the American Volunteers who had 
fought for France in 1870 was placed in the Musee de 
l'Armee. 



66 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Italians (Boulevard des) — {II). 

No. 2j. — The United States Consulate was established 
here in 1852-1853. 

Italiens (Rue des) — (IX). 

No. 1. — Guaranty Trust Company of New York. Con- 
sulate General of the United States of America. Office 
hours: 10 to 4; Saturdays, 10 to 1. 

The Consulate has been established in this building since 

I9I5- 

The newspaper of the American Expeditionary Forces, 
Stars and Stripes, was also established in this building in 
1918-1919. 

Jacob (Rue)— (VI). 

The part of the Rue Jacob comprised between the Rue 
de Seine and the Rue St. Benoit was called Rue du Colom- 
bier before 1836; it was in this street that John Howard 
Payne had one of his domiciles during his residence in 
Paris. 

No. 22. — Private Hotel d'Angleterre et de Grande Bre- 
tagne, which was already in existence during the Revolution ; 
Joel Barlow (1755-1812) lodged there about 1792. 

Jean-Goujon (Rue)— (VIII). 

No. 17. — It was here that the Minister-Plenipotentiary 
of the United States, W. L. Dayton, lived in 1862. 

Joseph Bara (Rue)— (VI) 

No. 4. — American Art Association and American Stu- 
dents Club. Founded in 1899 by Rodman Wanamaker, the 
American Art Association has for its aim the facilitating 
of study and the development of the Arts and Sciences in 
the American Colony of Paris ; its headquarters, comprising 
salles de reunion, for reading and for exhibitions, is at 
present situated in the Luxembourg Quarter, after having 
occupied various quarters in the Boulevard de Montpar- 
nasse, Ouai Conti, and Rue Notre Dame des Champs. 

The American Students Club, founded in 191 1 by Rod- 
man Wanamaker, is closely united to the American Art 
Association; it is composed of the same members and 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 67 

occupies the same building. It has for aim the grouping 
of American students staying for a time in Paris. 

Kleber (Avenue)— (XVI). 

No. iS. — The Chancellor's Office of the United States 
Embassy was installed here from 1898 to 1913. 

No. 24. — Was the seat of the United States Embassy 
from 1894 to 1896 (J. B. Eustis). 

La Boetie (Rue de)— (VIII). 

Two United States Ministers Plenipotentiary at Paris 
lived in that part of the Rue de la Pepiniere which has now 
become Rue de la Boetie: in 1841 General Lewis Cass at 
(former) No. 89, and in. i860, Ch. J. Faulkner at No. 49 
(former). 

No. 49. — Hotel Alfred Andre. During the war Hospital 
232, Villiers Fund — organized and supported by Madame 
Charles Huard. 

Lacepede (Rue)— (V). 

Here was formerly situated one of the sides of the 
Prison of St. Pelagie which formed before its demolition 
a kind of square block, limited by the Rues de la Clef, du 
Puits-de-1'Hermite, de Ladepede and du Battoir. This 
prison had no cells, but dormitories, rooms and an isolated 
division generally reserved for political prisoners, and which 
was jokingly called the "Pavilion des Princes." Here was 
imprisoned for debt an American, brother-in-arms of Wash- 
ington and of La Fayette, Colonel Swan, who refused to 
pay the interest on some money which he owed. He was 
often visited in prison by La Fayette. He liked to say to 
the doctor of St. Pelagie that he would miss the air of his 
prison. Released by the Revolution of July 1830, on the 
28th, he died the next day. 

During the Revolution of 1789 Admiral d'Estaing, who 
took part in the American War, was imprisoned here. 

Laffitte (Rue)— (IX). 

The part of the Rue Laffitte comprised between the 
Boulevard des Italiens and the Rue de Provence was in- 



68 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

habited by two Americans, at the beginning of the XlXth 
Century, when it was known as Rue Cerutti. 

No. ii. — James Brown, Minister Plenipotentiary of the 
United States, lived here in 1825 and 1826. 

No. 16. — Was inhabited by Jonathan Russell, Charge 
d' Affaires, in 181 o. 

No. 40. — Lola Montes, the celebrated dancer, morganatic 
wife of King Louis of Bavaria, dwelt here before her second 
marriage with an Englishman, Heald, with whom she went 
to America. She danced in 185 1 at the Broadway Thea- 
tre, New York, married for the third time a journalist in 
California, became a lecturer in New York, and died in 1861, 
aged forty-two years. 

Lamennais (Rue) — (VIII). 

No. 15. — In 1866 when the street was called Rue du 
Centre the Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States, 
John Bigelow, lived here. 

La Michodiere (Rue de) — (II). 

No. 6. — Office of the New York Sun established in Paris 
since 1907. 

Lamotte-Piquet (Avenue de) — {VII). 

So called in memory of the Comte de Piquet de la Motte, 
better known by the name of Lamotte-Piquet (1720-1791), 
who was one of the heroes of the American War and one 
of the most fortunate adversaries of England at sea. Fol- 
lowing on the capture of 26 vessels of Admiral Rodney's 
Squadron, he was named Lieutenant General of the Naval 
Armies in January 1782; he had made 28 campaigns by 
the time he left the service in 1783, at the Peace of Ver- 
sailles. He was made Grand-Croix de Sainte-Louis in 
1784. 

La Planche (Rue de)— (VII). 

At the time of his official nomination as United States 
Ambassador to Paris, in May 1792, Gouverneur Morris 
hired a house in the Rue de la Planche ; he was presented 
to the King the 3rd June at the Palace of the Tuileries, and 
only a short time afterwards, foreseeing the invasion of the 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 69 

Palace, Louis XVI caused to be sent to him all the money 
which he possessed there, and that he wished to preserve 
from pillage. 

Lavoisier (Rue)— (VIII). 

This street was cut through the gardens of the 
hotel of Benjamin Thompson, Comte de Rumford (1753- 
1814), who, resident of Paris since 1802, there married in 
1804 the widow of the great chemist Lavoisier, guillotined 
in 1794. The City of Paris gave his name to a street 
which went from the present Rue Lavoisier to the Rue de 
la Pepiniere; this Rue de Rumford disappeared on the 
construction of the Boulevards Haussmann and Malesherbes 
under the Second Empire. 

No. 19. — This house has been inhabited by several Min- 
isters and Charge d'Affaires of the United States : in 1842, 
by General Lewis Cass; in 1843, by Henry Ledyard; from 
1844 to 1845 by William R. King. 

Leonard de Vinci (Rue)— (XVI). 

No. 12. — It was in this house that Edwin Lord Weeks, 
painter of oriental scenes, lived for many years. At the 
Ecole des Beaux-Arts he met Julius L. Stewart, H. Hum- 
phrey Moore, a deaf and dumb artist, and Alexander Harri- 
son, the marine painter. Frederick A. Bridgman had 
worked there before them. Weeks passed all his artist's 
life in Paris; he was a member of the Club of the Rue 
Volney, and exhibited at the salons from 1878 till his death 
in November 1903. 

Lille (Rue de)— (VII). 

Called Rue de Bourbon from 1640 to 1792. 

No. 64. — Hotel de Salm built in 1786 by Rousseau for 
the Prince de Salm-Kyrburg ; Jefferson liked to go and 
look at it from the terrace at the water's side of the Jardin 
des Tuileries. La Fayette transformed the hotel into a 
Reform Club during the Revolution. 

The Hotel de Salm has become the Palais de la Legion 
d'Honneur since 1804. Numerous Americans are today 
members of that order. 



70 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

No. 123.— Site of the former Hotel de Forcalquier, which 
La Fayette bought and where he came to live in 1783 when 
he left the Hotel de Noailles of the Rue Sainte-Honore ; it 
was then No. 81 of the Rue de Bourbon. La Fayette, who 
spent more than 200,000 livres upon it, was very happy 
there. At the beginning of 1789, he there received at dinner 
Gouveneur Morris, who had shortly before arrived in Paris ; 
he had the delicate attention of making one of his young 
sons sing a song composed by his guest. La Fayette liked to 
be often with his American friends ; the same year he dined 
with Morris, at Versailles, 23rd June, at the Countess of 
Tesse's, and again with him at Jefferson's house, the 4th 
of July following, to celebrate the national holiday of the 
United States. 

When the French branch of the Cincinnati Society was 
organised in Paris it was in this house of La Fayette's 
that the first meetings of the French officers holding their 
commissions from Congress were held, and especially the 
general assembly of 7th January, 1784; the meetings of the 
officers belonging to the French Army took place at the house 
of the Marshal de Rochambeau, Rue du Cherche-Midi. 

Louis-le-Grand (Rue) — (II). 

No., p. — Office's of the Commercial Cable Company. 

All the cable companies accept telegrams to be trans- 
mitted in twenty-four hours, and on which they consent to 
make a reduction of 50% on the ordinary tariff; these latter 
are what are called deferred cables, which are actually only 
the application to trans-oceanic communication of night 
telegraphic service in force in the United States. 

Telegrams should be written in plajn language, either in 
the language of the country from which they are sent, or 
in that of the country to which they are to go. 

No. so. — Office of the New York Times. 

In 1900 the New York Times published a special edition 
printed within the limits of the Universal Exhibition itself, 
from the 30th May till the 31st October. The newspaper 
appeared upon 12, 14, 16 pages ; it published articles which 
had already appeared in the American edition of the New 
York Times, and 2, 4, 6 pages of European cables and of 
Exhibition news. Adolph Ochs, brother of the director, 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 71 

had come to Paris especially for the purpose of superintend- 
ing this edition. 

Louvre (Square du) — (I). 

Monument of La Fayette ( Marie- Jean-Mottier Marquis 
de) (1757-1834), offered by the children of the schools of 
the United States, who collected for this purpose more 
than 750,000 francs ; inaugurated 4th July, 1900. 

The equestrian statue is the work of the sculptor P. W. 
Bartlett; the pedestal was built by the architect Thomas 
Hastings. 

In the discourse which he pronounced the day of the 
inauguration, Mgr. Ireland, Archbishop of St. Paul, Min- 
nesota, recalled a characteristic saying of Maurepas, Min- 
ister of Louis XVI, who, having just granted to La Fayette 
the aid solicited by him for his friends overseas, said: 
"Fortunately La Fayette does not ask that Versailles should 
be stripped of its furniture for his dear Americans, for 
Versailles surely would be!" 

Louvre (Musee du) — (I). 

Ground floor. 

Modern Sculpture (entry under the Pavilion de 
l'Horloge). 

Salle Houdon — Busts of Franklin and of Washington by 
Houdon (terra-cotta). 

First floor. 

Furniture (entry under the Pavilion de l'Horloge) ; third 
hall, central glass case, No. 412. Small basin in flowered 
jasper, supported by cocks, a work attributed to the cele- 
brated goldsmith Gouthiere; this style of work became the 
fashion at the time of the War of Independence and of the 
departure of La Fayette. 

No. 413. — Candelabra commemorative of the War of 
Independence of the United States. It has seven lights and 
three sirens supporting the prows of vessels. Triangular 
base in green porphyry, with three leopards supporting a 
circular base of three plaques in biscuit de Sevres. This 
work of Pierre-Philippe Thomire (1751-1843), of the end 
of the period of Louis XVI, comes from the Chateau of 
St. Cloud. 



72 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

It is possible that these two articles, or at least the latter, 
formed part of the service which Louis XVI ordered from 
Thomire in memory of the American War. 

Paintings and Drawings. — Among the drawings not ex- 
hibited this department preserves, among others, some 
drawings executed by Puvis de Chavannes for the possible 
decoration of the Boston Library (Nos. 2307 to 2312), and 
a portrait of La Fayette by Duvivier. 

Musee de la Marine. — Salle — Bust of Fulton, by Houdon. 

Madeleine (Place de la)— (VIII). 

No. 1. — Barbe-Marbois lived here from 1834, and died 
here in 1837. 

No. 16. — Knights of Columbus' Overseas Headquarters. 
The offices of this important association were established 
in Paris in March 1918, first in the offices of the American 
Express Company, then for about two months at the offices 
of the Guaranty Trust Company, finally, since May 1918 
at 16 Place de la Madeleine. 

The head club has been established at 27 Boulevard 
Malesherbes. 

The Knights of Columbus have established "activities" 
in various parts of Paris ; they opened in the United States, 
in September 19 19, a subscription to give, in the name of 
the Knights of Columbus, to the town of Metz a statue 
of La Fayette, representing him leaving that garrison in 
1775 to engage his heart and his sword in the service of 
liberty. 

The war contributions of the Knights of Columbus 
have risen to more than 76 million francs, devoted to the 
welfare of American soldiers. This association has em- 
ployed on the Continent nearly 800 delegates, placed under 
the direction of Edward L. Hearn. 



Malaquais (Quai) — {VI) 

No. p. — Hotel, called de Transylvanie, which was let in 
1782 to the Comte de Vergennes, the Minister of Foreign 
Affairs, who signed the Treaty of Versailles ; he lived here 
until about 1787, the date of his death, but he died at Ver- 
sailles. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 73 

Malesherbes (Boulevard) — (VIII) . 

No. 21 bis. — Was occupied during the War by the Knights 
of Columbus. 

Marbeuf (Rue)— (VIII). 

No. 28. — Headquarters of the French Heroes' La Fayette 
Memorial Fund. 

Founded in April 1916 by Mrs. William Astor Chanler 
and John C. Moffat, the French Heroes' La Fayette Me- 
morial Fund has for its principal object to help the children 
of French soldiers killed in warfare; the Chateau de 
Chavaniac (Haute-Loire), where La Fayette was born, was 
bought to house some of the works instituted for this ob- 
ject. A school for orphans and a preventorium for boys 
of delicate health are installed here; in the neighbourhood, 
at Chadrac and at the Puy, colonies for children have been 
also organised. A museum is in course of creation at the 
Chateau de Chavaniac; it is intended for the reception of 
documents or souvenirs bearing, on the one hand, on La 
Fayette and the War of Independence, and on the other 
on the Great War of 1914-1918 in thirteen rooms bearing 
the names of the thirteen American States in existence at 
the time of the War of Independence. 

In Paris a boarding school, Washington-La Fayette, in- 
stalled at 11 bis. Boulevard Beausejour (XVI) receives 
young boys, the sons of officers killed in war, or mem- 
bers of families ruined by war, who there finish their 
studies; scholarships permit their studying for some time 
in the United States and completing there their technical 
studies. These scholarships, while waiting till the pupils of 
Chavaniac shall be old enough to avail themselves of them, 
have been granted in 1919 to pupils leaving the Polytech- 
nique. 

The works are completed at Paris by a vestiare and an 
emergency committee which, since January 1918, have dis- 
tributed more than 2 millions in aid. 

The President of the Paris Committee is J. Ridgeley 
Carter of the bank of Morgan, Harjes and Co. ; an execu- 
tive committee of eight members occupies itself with the 
entire French Heroes' La Fayette Memorial Fund, each 
branch of which has its own separate committee. 



74 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

The headquarters of the New York Committee is at 2 

West 45th Street. 

Marceau (Avenue) — (VIII and XVI). 

Called Avenue Josephine till 1879; the following Min- 
isters Plenipotentiary of the United States have lived 
here: 

No. 43. — In 1880, General Edward F. Noyes. 

No. 58. — In 1893, J. B. Eustis. 

No 59. — In 1869, E. B. Washburne. 

No. 70.— In 1887-1888, Robert M. MacLane, and in 
1889, Whitelaw Reid. 

Marignan (Rue de) — (VIII). 

No. 3. — The Legation of the United States was here in- 
stalled in 1861 and 1862. 

Marigny (Avenue) — (VIII). 

No. 7. — General Lewis Cass, United States Minister 
Plenipotentiary lived here in 1840. 

Mathurins (Rue des)— (VIII). 

From 1802 to 1809 C. Fulwar Skipwith lived at No. 1466 
(former) of the Rue Neuve des Mathurins, which is now 
that part of the Rue des Mathurins comprised between the 
Rue Scribe and the Rue de l'Arcade. 

Matignon (Avenue) — (VIII). 

No. 17. — Was inhabited in 1839 by General Lewis Cass, 
United States Minister Plenipotentiary. 

Matignon (Rue)— (VIII). 

No. 5. — Was inhabited in 1847 by R. Rush, United States 
Minister Plenipotentiary. 

No. 17. — This hotel, partly demolished some years ago, 
was inhabited at the time of the Revolution by the Comte 
Jean- Axel de Fersen (1750-1810), son of the Swedish 
Marshal; his devotion to Queen Marie Antoinette, whom 
he tried in vain to save, has made him celebrated. Fersen 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 75 

took part, as aide-de-camp to Rochambeau, in the American 
War, in the course of which he became very intimate with 
Lauzun; the latter even offered to give up his legion to 
him. 

No. 19. — Also served as a dwelling, towards the middle 
of the XlXth Century for several Ministers and Charges 
d'Affaires of the United States at Paris : from 1848 to 1850 
by W. C. Rives ; in 1853, H. Shelton Sanf ord, and in 1854, 
John Mason. 

Menilmontant (Boulevard de) — (XX). 

Cemetery of the East, called the Pere La Chaise. 
This cemetery, the most ancient in Paris, contains some 
tombs of Americans, among whom may be remarked : 
a). — 43rd Division (3rd line, opposite 42d Division, No. 

2). 

Tomb of William Temple Franklin, the grandson of 
Benjamin Franklin, who died at Paris the 25th May 1823 ; 
the tomb bears the following inscription: "He was ever 
worthy of a name which dies out with him." 

b). — 70th Division (19th line, opposite 68th Division, No. 

3). 

Tomb of A. Gouverneur Gill, United States Consul, 

buried the 6th January, 1881. 

Michel-Ange (Rue)— (XVI). 

No. 6. — Inhabited by Marshal Joffre, who took part in 
the Viviani mission sent in 1917 to the United States by the 
French Government. 

Monceau (Rue de)— (VIII). 

No. 28. — Hotel of Prince and Princess Murat, built in 
1850, where President Wilson resided during his first stay 
in Paris, from his arrival, December 14th, 1918, till the 
14th February 1919. It is interesting to recall, a propos of 
this subject, that, in 181 5, when the members of the Bona- 
parte family were banished from France, the United States 
welcomed them favourably. During his stay in Washington 
Prince Achille Murat married an American, Miss Fraser. 

Monsieur (Rue) — (VII). 

No. 8. — In this hotel, built in 1789 for the Comte de 



76 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Jarnac, Albert Gallatin, Minister Plenipotentiary of the 
United States, lived in 1822 and 1823. 



Monsieur-le-Prince (Rue) — (VI). 

No. 49. — Henry W. Longfellow, 1807-1882, arrived in 
Paris in the summer of 1826, and lodged at 49 Rue Mon- 
sieur-le-Prince, in a boarding-house for students, for 5 
francs a day. Longfellow, who knew very little French, 
followed central university courses. Although the streets 
of Paris seemed to him very narrow, he was very fond of 
the Boulevards and of certain places, such as the Louvre 
and Pere La Chaise. He went to pass the summer at 
Auteuil in a nursing-home which he took for a private 
hotel ; he was very happy there during his stay of a month. 
After a short journey to Touraine he came back to Paris 
where he passed eight months, assisting at seances of the 
Institut and visiting the country round about Paris. It 
was at this time that he met La Fayette. He was then 
living at 5 Rue Racine. Longfellow then went to Spain, 
travelled in Europe, them returned, after an absence of three 
years, to America, where he was made Professor at Harvard 
College. 

Longfellow returned to Paris September 3rd, 1836. In 
June 1842 he made a third visit to Paris where he stayed 
only four days ; he went to see Rachel play, and dined with 
Jules Janin, author of a book entitled "The American in 
Paris." He came back a fourth time to Paris, attracted by 
the Theatre-Franqaise, in the autumn- of 1868, when he 
made a short stay before going to Italy. 

Montaigne (Avenue) — (VIII). 

No. 11. — Was the Hotel of Ferdinand de Lesseps (1805- 
1894), who founded the company of the inter-oceanic Canal 
of Panama ; the licence for this was bought by the United 
States, the level canal having been proved impossible, the 
company not having any more means of constructing the 
canal with the necessary locks. The company was liquidated 
the 4th February, 1889. It is interesting to recollect that 
de Lesseps was the nephew of a companion of the celebrated 
navigator La Perouse. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 77 

No. 45. — House occupied during the war by officers of 
the American Army in France. 

Montmartre (Boulevard) — (IX and II) 

Robert R. Livingston, Minister Plenipotentiary of the 
United States, lived in 1804 at the furnished Hotel 
Montholon, on the Boulevard Montmartre. 



Montmartre (Rue)— (II). 

No. 118. — On the site of this house stood, before- the 
Revolution, the office of the company of the slave-traders 
who transported the "ebony" of Africa into America. 

Mont-Thabor (Rue du)— (I). 

No. 4. — Washington Irving lived here in- 1824. He as- 
sisted during that year at the funeral of Louis XVIII, and 
terminated "The Tales of a Traveller" ; he was presented 
to Talma by John Howard Payne, who lived in Paris. It 
was at the house of Talma that he became acquainted with 
Thomas Moore. His first stay in Paris was from May 1805 
till February 1806, the date on which he set out again for 
America; he came back to Paris in July 1823, and only 
left there, at the end of 1824, to go to Spain. He went 
back to New York in May 1832. 

Muette (Chateau de la)— (XVI). 

On November 21st, 1783 Franklin assisted, at the Chateau 
de la Muette, at the ascension of the Marquis d'Arlandes 
and of Pilatre de Rozier, the first time that men went up 
in a balloon. He signed the statement of the ascent with 
the Due de Polignac, the Due de Guisnes, the Comte de 
Polastron, the Comte de Vaudreuil, M. M. d'Hunaud, Fanjus 
de St. Fond, Delisle and Le Roz de l'Academie des Sciences. 
An engraving of the time represents the ascent "seen from 
the terrace of Mr. Franklin at Passy. . . ." The following 
saying about balloons was attributed to Franklin, some one 
having said one day before him contemptuously: "Of what 
use is this new invention?" And he to answer: "Of what 
use is a new-born child?" 



78 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Musee de 1'Armee. 

/. Section of Arms and Armour. 

First floor to the right : Ethnographical Gallery. 

This collection comprises in particular types of American 
warriors. The figures in painted plaster reproduce types 
taken from nature from the Anthropological Gallery in the 
Jardin des Plantes. In front of the windows are glass 
cases containing arms and various objects* 

77. Historical Section. 

First floor. 

Salle Louis XIV. Fifth bay. To the right. Flag offered 
in 1906 in memory of the services rendered by France dur- 
ing the War of Independence (1776- 1783), by the Society 
of the Daughters of the Revolution, section of Maryland. 
Portraits of Washington, Rochambeau, La Fayette. An 
English mortar taken at Yorktown in 1781. 

To the left: Portrait of the Due de Broglie, who took 
part in the American War. 

Notre-Dame— (I V) . 

The admirable cathedral has been the setting of a little 
known event in the diplomatic relations between France and 
the United States. 

When the news of the capitulation of Burgoyne reached 
Paris it did- away with much hesitation on the part of the 
Court of Versailles about concluding an official alliance 
with the United States and of breaking with England. 
Franklin made short work of matters. He one day told 
the Comte de Vergennes, Minister of Foreign Affairs, the 
following tale: An emissary of the court of London, said 
he, had given him a rendezvous for a near date in the 
Church of Notre Dame, near the statue of St. Christopher ; 
this agent was to have in his hand, as a sign by which he 
could be recognised, a rose which he would let fall as soon 
as Franklin should appear. It was agreed between 
Vergennes and Franklin that the latter should not go to 
the rendezvous, but that the Lieutenant of Police should 
send someone to keep an eye on the English emissary. The 
man with the rose arrived at the rendezvous, then went 
away after waiting a half-hour! He was followed; he 
walked a little while about the streets, and finally entered a 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 791 

furnished hotel in the Rue du Colombier (now Rue Jacob), 
had post horses saddled and started again on the road to 
Calais, under the discreet eye of the watcher who had no 
doubt that he had sent the man mentioned by Franklin 
about his business. 

This artifice was naturally not sufficient, and it is now 
known how the American commissaries triumphed over the 
last, and also feeble, hesitations of Louis XVI and of his 
minister Maurepas. 

On the 14th of December 1783 a solemn Te Deum was 
sung at Notre Dame in honour of the Peace of Versailles. 
Let us recall also that in one of the chapels surrounding 
the choir of Notre Dame is the tomb of Mgr. Darboy, Arch- 
bishop of Paris, shot during the Commune in 1871, and in 
whose favor Washburne, United States Ambassador, inter- 
vened during his detention. 

Notre-Dame des Champs (Rue)— (VI). 

No. 60. — Here is situated the Passage Stanislas in which 
was opened, at the end of 1898, an Academy of Art under 
the name of "Academie Whistler," and under the direction 
of Carmen Rossi, favourite model of the celebrated painter. 
Whistler and the sculptor MacMonnies gave classes here. 

No. 86. — In this house Whistler had established, in 1892, 
his engraving machinery on the sixth floor in a large studio 
whose bay window looked onto the Pantheon and onto the 
Luxembourg Gardens. 

Odeon (Place de 1')— (VI). 

Theatre de I' Odeon. — On the evening of Monday, 20th 
January, 1783, the first representation of "King Lear," a 
tragedy of Ducis in imitation of Shakespeare, had ended at 
the Theatre-Frangaise (now Theatre de l'Odeon), in the 
midst of applause, when the curtain rose and the actor Mole 
appeared on the scene. "Gentlemen," said he simply, "we 
shall have the honour to give you on Wednesday the second 
representation of 'King Lear,' followed by the recapture of 
the English at Bordeaux, on the occasion of the Peace." It 
was thus, in the midst of great applause, that the elite of 
Paris learned the victorious end of the American War. As 
a matter of fact, that afternoon had been signed at Ver- 



80 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

sailles the preliminaries of peace, which received, the 3rd 
of September following, its definitive form. 

During the Revolution, when the Odeon still bore the 
name of "Theatre de la Nation," a tragedy in four acts was 
represented there, entitled "Washington, or the Liberty of 
the New World," by M. de Sauvigny; the first representa- 
tion took place 13th July, 1791. One of the actors of the 
piece, "The Ambassador of France," terminated the tragedy 
by a eulogy of Washington and of Franklin, "who directed 
the thunderbolt and chased away the tyrants," of Congress 
and of all the American people. 

Odeon (Rue de 1')— (VI). 

No. 2. — Thomas Paine lived, from April 1797 to October 
1802, at No. 4, now No. 2 of the Rue du Theatre-Francais, 
now Rue de l'Odeon. He lodged at the house of Nicolas 
Bonneville, his printer and his friend, where Joel Barlow 
and Fulton came to see him. He frequented also an Irish 
cafe of the Rue de Conde, where English-, Irish and 
Americans met. 

Opera (Avenue de V) — (II). 

No. 36. — Was occupied by the Consulate of the United 
States from 1887 to 19 17. 

No. 47. — Office of the New York World, founded in 
Paris in 1910. 

No. 49. — Office of the New York Herald. 

James Gordon Bennett was the first who understood the 
capital importance, for an American newspaper, of direct 
information coming from Paris, the centre of European 
news ; he founded in Paris, in October 1885, the Paris 
edition of the New York Herald. 

Beside the office of the New York Herald stands the 
information office of the Commercial Cable Company (ad- 
ministration : 9 Rue Louis-le-Grande). 

Opera (Place de 1')— (II and IX). 

Opera (ThSatre de I'). 

Since 1875, date at which the building was finished, the 
Opera has been the setting for many manifestations of 
sympathy between France and the United States. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 81 

On April 23d, 1876, a representation was given there 
for the profit of the fetes of the Centenary of the Inde- 
pendence of the United States; five hundred chorists there 
executed a chorus of Gounod's, under the direction of the 
celebrated composer himself. 

On January 24th, 1919, a gala representation was given 
to President Wilson, before whom was presented Castor 
and Pollux. 

No: 4. — In 1858, at the moment of the creation of the 
Place, the Franco-American Club, called the Washington 
Club, was situated at No. 4 of the Place de l'Opera. 

Orsay (Quai d')--(VII). 

Na. 35. — Palais-Bourbon. 

The present hall of the meetings was built in 1829 on the 
site of a former hall built in 1798, in which La Fayette sat 
from 18-18 till 1824, as depute of La Sarthe; he occupied 
a chair at the extreme left (looking from the tribune) 
sometimes on the fifth and sometimes on the sixth row. 

On Wednesday the 20th of November 1918, the French 
Chamber of Deputks voted here the following order of the 
day: "President Wilson and the American nation, the 
Allied nations and the Heads of the States who govern 
them have merited well of humanity." 

The 3rd of February 1919 a solemn reception was offered 
there by the Chambre des Deputes to President Wilson, who 
responded by a discourse to the speech of welcome which 
the President of the Chambre, M. Paul Deschanel, ad- 
dressed to him. 

No. 37. — Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres. 

It is in the archives of the Ministere des Affaires 
Etrangeres that are preserved the originals of the treaties 
concluded between France and the United States since 1776, 
as well as the treaties signed in France by the United 
States, such as that of Paris of 1898 which terminated the 
Spanish-American War, and that of Versailles of the 28th 
of June 1919. 

In one of the rooms of the Ministere, also, is preserved 
the desk used by the Comte de Vergennes who signed with 
Franklin the treaty of 1783. 

The Treaty of Peace between Spain and the United 



82 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

States was signed the ioth December 1898 in the Salle des 
Conferences of the Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres. The 
American Commissioners were : 

Secretary of State William R. Day of Ohio. 

Senator George Gray of Delaware. 

Whitelaw. Reid of New York. 

Senator William P. Fry of Maine. 

Senator Cushman of Minnesota. 

The opening meeting of the work of the Inter-Allied 
Conference of the preliminaries of Peace took place the 
18th of January 1919 in the Salle de l'Horloge, which dates 
from the Second Empire, and of which can be seen from 
the outside its five windows, on the ground floor, imme- 
diately to the right of the left wing. 

The first preparatory conferences and certain meetings 
of the Inter-Allied Council of War were held in the office 
of the Minister for Foreign Affairs which opens onto the 
interior garden, on the ground floor. President Wilson, H. 
White, R. Lansing, E. House, and General Bliss took part 
in them as United States delegates. 

No. 105. — National Property. 

The collections of National Property comprise a series 
of six sketches for tapestry, four of which bear on the 
American War; the central subjects are from the painter 
Le Paon, who is the author of a very fine portrait of La 
Fayette ; the lower medallions appear to be the work of 
Casanova. The cartoons, which must have been prepared 
for the Gobelins or for Beauvais after the peace of 1783, 
represent the military incidents of Yorktown, Brimston 
Hill, Pensacola and Grenade. The drawings of the two 
other sketches, which are those of an amateur, represent the 
"taking of the Grenade" and "the attack of Brimstone Hill." 
None of these tapestries, with the Royal Arms of France, 
appear to have been put on the loom, the arrival of the 
Revolution having doubtless prevented the realisation of 
this idea. 

Oudinot (Rue)— (VII) 

No. 27. — Ministere des Colonies. 

This ministry, which occupies the former Hotel de 
Montmorin, successor of the Comte de Vergennes at the 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 83 

Affaires Etrangeres, still preserves in its archives docu- 
ments bearing on the former French possessions of Louisi- 
ana and New Orleans. 

Paix (Rue de la)— (II). 

No. 2. — Office of the New York American. 
No. 23. — Building belonging to the Equitable Trust Com- 
pany United States whose offices are here installed. 

Palais (Boulevard du) — (I). 

The Palais de Justice, composed of constructions of dif- 
ferent periods from the XHIth Century to the present time, 
was in 1777 the theatre of a manifestation in honour of 
Franklin. Since his arrival in Paris he had quickly become 
extremely popular. One day when they were pleading a 
great cause at the Palais de Justice before the Parliament of 
Paris, and while the neighbouring streets were full of 
curious people, they saw Franklin arrive, dressed very 
simply as usual ; they opened their ranks respectfully before 
him, and he went to take the place which was reserved for 
him, in the midst of the cheering crowd, an honour which 
was not always given then even to princes of the blood. 

This popularity caused Franklin to write, "I am the 
absolute doll of the people of Paris who curl me, deck me 
out, crown me and play with me in the most agreeable 
manner in the world : they have lavished so much on my 
bust that if a price were put on my head it would be im- 
possible for me to escape." 

Palais-Royal— (I). 

Franklin was received here in 1778 by Louis Philippe, 
fourth Due d'Orleans (1 725-1 785). 

His son, Louis Philippe (1747-1793), fifth Due d'Orleans, 
who bore till 1785 the title of Due de Chartres, received 
here in 1777 Paul Jones on his arrival from America, in the 
apartments which he occupied in the lateral wings of the 
first courtyard on the Place du Palais-Royal. Paul Jones, 
who often walked in the garden of the Palais Royal with 
Franklin, was invited by the Duke to a dinner given in his 
honour, in the course of which the Duchesse de Chartres, 
who always showed him a particular friendship, offered him 



84 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

a watch which had belonged to her grandfather, Louis Alex- 
andre de Bourbon, Comte de Toulouse, the conqueror of 
the English Admiral Rooke, in 1704, in the environs of 
Malaga ; Paul Jones promised in exchange to put an enemy 
frigate at her feet. It was the Duchess who, shortly after- 
wards, presented to Louis XVI a letter from Paul Jones, 
who wished to obtain a command at sea; the admiral re- 
ceived that of the "Duras," a flagship, whose name he 
changed to "Bonhomme Richard"; one of the ships of his 
squadron was called the "Monsieur," and had been offered 
to him by the ladies of the Court of Versailles. At one of 
his other journeys to Paris the Duchess de Chartres put 
9,500 livres at the disposition of Paul Jones, then in April 
1780 gave a dinner and a ball in honour of him whom she 
called "the untitled Knight of the Sea" and "the Sailor 
Bayard." During this dinner Paul Jones sent for the 
sword which had been delivered up to him by the English 
commander of the "Serapis," and, .turning to the Duchess, 
said to her: "The least that I can do towards keeping my 
word given two years ago is to place in your delicate hands 
the sword of the brave officer who commanded the English 
for forty-four years. I have the honour to offer to the most 
charming of women the sword which was delivered up to 
me by one of the bravest of men, the sword of the honour- 
able Richard Pearson of the former ship of His Britannic 
Majesty, the 'Serapis'." 

Gouveneur Morris was also received at dinner at the 
Palais-Royal; he particularly relates in his journal that he 
was invited there the 10th of November 1790, by the 
Duchesse d'Orleans, to whom he brought from London a 
large Newfoundland dog which he had bought for her. The 
Due and the Duchesse d'Orleans occupied at that date the 
large apartments which are situated in the right wing of the 
courtyard of honour, called de Valois, occupied now by the 
Direction des Beaux-Arts, from the great staircase as far as 
the garden. The Due continually occupied the arcades 178, 
179, 180, communicating on a level with the apartments 
of the Duchesse d'Orleans on the courtyard and on the 
Rue de Valois. 

The Palais-Royal was likewise, in 1854, the residence of 
Prince Jerome Bonaparte whose descendants have remained 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 85 

settled in the United States. During his stay in America 
he married at Baltimore, 24th December 1803, Elizabeth 
Patterson (1785-1879) ; from this union, which Napoleon I 
refused to recognise, was born Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte 
(1805-1870), who married November 3rd, 1829, Susan May 
(1812-1881), daughter of Benjamin Williams, whose chil- 
dren were: 

First. — Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte, born at Baltimore in 
1830, died 1893 ; he entered first the American Army, where 
he remained only two years, then he joined the French 
Army, where he made most of the campaigns of the Second 
Empire. He married, 7th September 1871, Catherine Le 
Roy, daughter of Samuel Appleton, who died in 191 1, by 
whom he had two children, Louise Eugenie Bonaparte 
(1873-), wno married the Comte de Moltke Huitfeld, of 
Denmark, and Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte (1878-). 

Second. — Charles Joseph Bonaparte, born 185 1, who 
married, the 1st of September 1875, Ellen Channing. He 
filled the post of Secretary of the Navy from July 1905 to 
December 1906, and that of Attorney-General of the»United 
States from December 1906 to March 1909. 

The bedroom of Prince Jerome Bonaparte exists still ; 
it is now used as a waiting room by the Direction des Beaux- 
Arts (entry at No. 3 Rue de Valois). 

Galerie de Mon-tpvnsier' (at the west). 

No. 17. — Curtius had established his famous "Museum of 
Wax Figures" at No. 1 of the Galerie de Pierre, now No. 
17 of the Galerie de Montpensier; during the whole of the 
Revolution he maintained public curiosity by exposing the 
effigies of persons made famous by current events : Frank- 
lin and Voltaire were side by side with Mirabeau, Brutus, 
Lucrece, Necker and Robespierre. Curtius had likewise a 
second "wax-work cabinet" on the Boulevard du Temple, 
especially reserved for celebrated criminals. 

Nos. 57 ta 60. — Site of the Cafe Foy, before which, on 
the 13th of July 1789, Camille Desmoulins harangued the 
mob, and apprised it with the dismissal of the minister 
Necker. It is curious to recall on this subject the follow- 
ing detail which shows how strong, at this moment, was 
the influence of American ideas in France. When Camille 
Desmoulins proposed^ to the crowd to wear a cockade and 



86 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

asked which colour to choose it, they answered that he 
should make the choice himself. He offered then to take 
either "green, colour of hope, or blue of Cincinnatus, the 
colour of American liberty" and of democracy. It was 
green which carried the day. 

A statue of Camille Desmoulins, by E. Boverie, has been 
erected between the South plot and the Galerie d'Orleans. 

Galerie de Valois (to the East). 

John Howard Payne, who lived many years in Paris, had 
one of his dwellings at the Palais-Royal in the Galerie des 
Bons Enf ants, now Galerie de Valois ; it was there that he 
wrote "Home, Sweet Home." 

No. 156. — Here was situated, during the Revolution, the 
anti-revolutionary club of Valois, which was frequented by 
Gouveneur Morris. 

Panoramas (Passage des) — (II). 

This passage was built about 1808 on the site of the 
old Hotel de Montmorency-Luxembourg. It owes its name 
to two rotundas, of 14 metres in diameter, which stood on 
each side of the Boulevard Montmartre, and on which were 
painted panoramas; these panoramas had been made in 
1799 by Robert Fulton during the stay which he made in 
Paris from 1797 to 1804; they disappeared in 1821. Fulton, 
who had commenced by being a distinguished painter, 
painted one of these panoramas; the subject represented the 
burning of Moscow, naturally, not that one showing the 
departure of Napoleon from that capital, but a previous fire 
which had ravaged the town in the XVIIth Century. This 
panorama was later replaced by another, on the same spot. 
Fulton had obtained, in 1801, a prolongation of fifteen years 
of his concession for the perfecting of his system of 
panoramas. 

Pantheon (Place du)— (V). 

The Pantheon. 

The popularity of La Fayette was such that, during his 
lifetime, the celebrated sculptor, David d'Angers, made him 
figure among the great men in the bas-relief above the entry 
to the Pantheon, as well as in the bas-reliefs of his monu- 
ments of General Foy and of Gutenberg. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 87 

To the Pantheon were transported the remains of Louis 
Antoine de Bougainville (i 729-181 1) who, after having 
fought under Montcalm in Canada, was made famous by 
his voyage around the world, executed from 1766 to 1769. 
During the American War he commanded a division of the 
Fleet of the Comte de Grasse. 

No. 10. — Faculte de Droit. 

Courses of lectures have been given here by American 
professors, particularly in 1904-1905 by Charles F. Beach, 
secretary of the United States College at Paris, and, in 
1919-1920, by Dean Henry A. Yeomans, professor in ex- 
change of the Harvard endowment. 

Passy (Quai de)— (XVI). 

No. 32. — Site of the old "wells" of Passy, the ferruginous 
springs which still exist, and which enjoyed a great vogue 
in the XVIIIth Century. Franklin was very intimate with 
the director, Le Veillard, to whom he sent a copy of the 
manuscript 0? his memoirs. Le Veillard left Paris with 
him in 1785 to accompany his old friend as far as the Havre. 
Elected Mayor of Passy in February 1790, he was guillo- 
tined the following year. 

Passy (Rue de)— (XVI). 

Admiral d'Estaing possessed, somewhere about No. 70, 
a country seat which was demolished about 1855 for the 
piercing of the Rue Guichard. 

Paul Deroulede (Avenue) — (I). 

This street follows along the frontage of the old Palais 
des Tuileries, begun in 1564 by Catherine de Medicis, and 
burnt in 1871 during the Commune. Some souvenirs inter- 
esting to Americans are attached to the old Tuileries. 

To begin with, that of Franklin, who offered to Louis 
XVI a copy of the "Constitution of the United States," 
bound with the Royal Arms. This book, which the King 
placed in his library at the Tuileries, and which is now in 
America, has a legend. During the pillage of the Palace in 
1792,, this book was thrown out of a window, and, by a curi- 
ous chance, it violently hit a young American, Robert Gil- 



88 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

more, of Baltimore, who assisted at the sacking, and who 
bore it away as a souvenir. 

From the ioth of May 1793 the Convention sat in the 
Salle des Machines of the Palais des Tuileries, which was 
situated almost between the Rue de Rivoli and the middle 
of the Rue des Tuileries ; the souvenirs of Paine and of 
Monroe are worthy of recall here. In the course of the 
trial of Louis XVI, Paine voted for the detention of the 
King while the war should last, and his banishment after- 
wards ; he insisted that Louis XVI should take refuge in 
the United States. At the moment of the vote on the death 
of the King he gave the opinion that the United States 
would disapprove the death of their benefactor. This 
courageous attitude and the "Age of Reason" which he 
wrote that year caused him to be disliked by Robespierre and 
Marat, who denounced his efforts to save the life of the 
King who had been the friend of America. On the 25th of 
December 1793, on the proposal of Barrere, the Convention 
decided that "no foreigner could be admitted to represent 
the French people." The 27th of December following 
Thomas Paine was arrested and shut up in the Luxembourg; 
a petition asking for his release, signed by eighteen notable 
Americans of Paris, was presented by them without result 
to the Convention, the 27th of January 1794. Restored to 
liberty, thanks to the demands of Monroe, Paine was again 
received at the Convention ; he mounted the tribune the 
7th of July 1795, and a secretary, placed beside him, read his 
speech on the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the 
Constitution. This was his last appearance, owing to the 
bad state of his health. 

James Monroe had succeeded Gouveneur Morris as Min- 
ister Plenipotentiary to Paris, where he arrived after the fall 
of Robespierre. All the other ambassadors had left and 
the Comite de Salut Public were slow to receive him. Mon- 
roe was at length introduced at the Tuileries, before the 
Convention, the 2d of August 1794; he showed distinctly the 
political bases common to the two Republics in his speech, 
which lasted ten minutes, and was printed in English and 
in French by order of the Convention. Merlin de Douai, 
President of the Assembly, gave him the fraternal embrace. 
One day Monroe offered to the Convention an American 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 89 

flag, which his nephew brought, at the head of an American 
delegation, on the occasion of the translation to the Pan- 
theon of the remains of Jean Jacques Rousseau. 

To that part of the Palais des Tuileries which was in- 
habited by Napoleon I and Napoleon III is also attached 
the remembrance of many members of the Bonaparte family 
who went to America: Joseph Bonaparte (1768-1844), 
eldest brother of Napoleon I, retired to the United States 
after the Emperor's abdication, under the name of Comte 
de Survillers, and occupied himself with agriculture till 
1826, at which date he went back to Belgium ; Lucien Bona- 
parte (1773-1840), younger brother of Napoleon I, set out 
for the United States in 1810, was captured at sea by the 
English, who assigned to him the residence of Ludlow, 
bought near that town the property of Tomgrave, and re- 
covered his liberty in 1814; the eldest son of Lucien, 
Charles Lucien Bonaparte (1803-1857), in 1822 married 
his cousin Zenaide, daughter of Joseph Bonaparte, and went 
to live with her near his father-in-law in the United States, 
where he published several works, in particular an "Amer- 
ican Ornithology" and an "Ornithology of North America" ; 
the third son of Lucien, Pierre Napoleon Bonaparte (1815- 
1881), went in 1832 to join his uncle Joseph in the United 
States, followed to Colombia the Republican General San- 
tander, came back to Italy where he had some disputes with 
the Pope in 1836, and suffered at the Chateau Saint-Ange 
a rather long imprisonment, following which he returned 
a second time to America. Jerome Bonaparte (1784-1860), 
King of Westphalia, the youngest brother of Napoleon I, 
who had taken part in the Saint Dominique expedition, mar- 
ried in 1813, in the United States, Miss Patterson of Balti- 
more; Napoleon Bonaparte (1822-1891), second son of 
Jerome, embarked in July 1869 with the Princess Clothilde, 
arrived at New York at the end of August, from where he 
travelled incognito through a large part of the United 
States, visiting Washington, where he was received by 
President Lincoln, then from the camp of the Federals on 
the Potomac he passed with a safe conduct over to the ter- 
ritory occupied by the Confederates, and visited the seces- 
sionist General Beauregard; finally Napoleon III (1818- 
1873), born at the Tuileries, was, after his attempted rising 



90 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

of Strasbourg in 1836, sent by the Government of Louis- 
Philippe to Lorient to be embarked for America; he was 
sent to Brazil, then to New York, from whence he soon 
afterwards returned to Europe. 

It is interesting to recall that after Waterloo Napoleon 
I could have embarked at Bordeaux on an American boat. 
It was proposed to him to take the place of his brother 
Joseph, who had prepared his own departure and had ob- 
tained a passport from the United States Charge d'Affaires 
at Paris. Napoleon refused, and preferred leaving his fate 
to be settled by England. 

Under the Monarchy of July (1830-1848) several cele- 
brated Americans, such as N. P. Willis, Fenimore Cooper, 
and Samuel F. B. Morse, were presented at the Tuileries 
to King Louis-Philippe, who had visited the United States 
in 1796, and whom it was so easy to approach that the 
American Ambassador, General Lewis Cass, could present 
to him the same evening fifty of his fellow-countrymen. 
When Fenimore Cooper was presented to the King and 
to the Queen Marie Amelie, we are told that the latter, born 
a Princess of the Two Sicilies, asked him which he pre- 
ferred of all the countries he had visited. Cooper answered: 
"That one in which Your Majesty was born because of its 
Nature, and that one in which Your Majesty reigns for its 
society." 

Two grandsons of Louis-Philippe, who passed several 
years in America, were born in the Tuileries : Louis Philippe 
d'Orleans, Comte de Paris (1838-1894), and Robert d'Or- 
leans due de Chartres (1842-19 — ), both sons of the Due 
d'Orleans (1810-1842). They took part in the War of 
Secession in the ranks of the Federal Army from Septem- 
ber 1 861, the date on which they entered on the Staff of 
General McClellan; they made the Campaign of Vir- 
ginia, assisting at the siege of Yorktown, then at the bat- 
tles c*f Williamsburg, of Fair Oaks and of Gaines Mill, 
and finally followed the Army of the Potomac as far as the 
banks of the James River where they left it to return to 
France. In this campaign they were accompanied by their 
uncle, Frangois d'Orleans, Prince de Joinville, whose son, 
the Due de Penthievre, entered as a pupil at the Naval 
School of the Union. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 91 

The last official dinner given at the Tuileries June 7th, 
1870, was in honour of E. B. Washburne, United States 
Minister, and Napoleon III recalled on that occasion that his 
grandfather, the Vicomte de Beauharnais, had fought for 
American Independence. 

Pavilion de l'Horloge. 

The Academy of Sciences, of which Benjamin Franklin 
was an associate member, occupied many rooms of the 
present Museum from 1699 to 1793. 

During his stay in Paris it was here that Franklin came 
to assist at the meetings, and to participate in the work of 
the Academy, which had then at its disposition, on the first 
floor of the Pavilion de l'Horloge, the room which now 
bears the name of Dr. La Caze, the room following which 
is called Salle Henri II, the Salle des Sept Cheminees, 
and a small corner room on the facade fronting the Seine. 

On the 29th April 1778 the Academy of Sciences held a 
meeting here at which Voltaire and Franklin assisted seated 
near each other. The public applauded their entry into the 
hall and cheered them ; both of them saluted, and, to please 
the audience, they shook hands "a 1'Anglaise/' but the public 
cried out : "No ! no ! You must embrace 'a la Francaise.' " 
The two old men did not hesitate to comply, and the 
next day all the gazettes recounted, according to the style 
of the period, that "Solon and Sophocles had kissed each 
other." 

In March 1784 when the Government asked the Societe 
Royale de, Medecine (become since then the Academie de 
Medecine) for a report on the experiments in magnetism 
of Mesmer, a commission was formed by five members of 
the Academie des Sciences, among whom were Franklin, Le 
Roy, Bailly and Lavoisier; this commission concluded, in 
the August following, that the facts cited by Mesmer could 
be explained by suggestion. 

Franklin never ceased to occupy himself with scientific 
work during his stay in Paris. With Abbe Nollet he suc- 
ceeded in transmitting the electric current by means of 
metallic wires, and combined some interruptions which, 
according to their length, corresponded to the letters of the 
alphabet; it was the basis of discoveries which another 



92 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

American, S. F. Breese Morse, was to pursue later on suc- 
cessfully, and which he, by a curious coincidence, came to 
Paris to experiment with. 

On November 13th, 1790, Condorcet pronounced before 
the Academie des Sciences a eulogy of Franklin full of 
interesting details. 

It was here also that Thomas Paine came, in the Sum- 
mer of 1787, to propose to the Academie a system of a 
bridge of his invention ; he was received with great re- 
spect, not only as the friend of Franklin, but as a Member 
of the Philosophical Society of Philadelphia and of the 
University of Pennsylvania. His model of a bridge was ap- 
proved by the Academie. 

Penthievre (Rue de)— (VIII). 

No. II. — The United States Legation occupied this house 
in 1851 and 1852. 

No. 26. — Supposed house of Franklin who is said to have 
lived there in 1776 when it was called the Grande Rue 
Verte. 

It has been contested that Franklin either built or utilised 
this house for a questionable purpose ; but it is possible 
that it was built by or lived in by one of his admirers, and 
this legend arises from the fact that William Temple Frank- 
lin, his grandson, was the owner of a house situated at the 
present Nos. 4 and 6. 

The painter John Trumbull dined at No. 26 with Madame 
de Stael during his sojourn at Paris, when the house be- 
longed to Lucien Bonaparte. The latter lived, at the end 
of the garden, in a little house, which has preserved a curious 
dressing room decorated with a cupola-shaped ceiling. 

Pereire. (Boulevard)— (XVII). 

The sculptor Augustus Saint Gaudens had a studio next 
to the hotel of Madame Sarah Bernhardt. 
No. 56. — Hotel of Mme. Sarah Bernhardt. 

Petits-Peres (Rue des) — (II). 

No. I. — On his return from England, 19th September 
1792, Thomas Paine went to l'Hotel White ; he stayed there 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 93 

only a short time, and afterwards lived quite near at No. 7 
of the Passage des Petits-Peres ; it is now No. i of the Rue 
des Petits-Peres, which was probably joined at that date 
to l'Hotel White, afterwards called Hotel de Philadelphie, 
and later, Hotel des Etats-Unis. Paine lived there till 
March 1793. 

Paine had come to Paris for the first time in March 1781 
with Colonel Laurens, chief of the Washington Staff, to 
conclude a loan in favour of the United States. He had 
had the idea of this loan, and he urged it on Congress, who 
decided to send to Paris Colonel Laurens whom Paine ac- 
companied as his secretary. Having left Boston in Feb- 
ruary 1781, they arrived in Paris the following month. Their 
mission was carried out successfully, and a French frigate 
brought them from Brest to Boston with money and am- 
munition. It was this loan which permitted Rochafribeau 
and Washington to inflict on Cornwallis the defeat of York- 
town. 

In the Summer of 1787 Paine returned to Paris to pre- 
sent to the Academie des Sciences a project for a bridge of 
his invention ; the Academie received him with honour and 
approved his system of a bridge, which a little later he 
applied in London. He went several times to England. It 
was on the occasion of one of his stays in Paris, the 25th 
of June 1 791, that he assisted at the return of the King 
from Varennes, and this spectacle aroused in him a sorrow- 
ful sympathy for the Royal Family. Paine had forgotten 
to place a tricolour cockade in his hat and the mob played 
him an ugly trick by crying out "Aristocrat! to the lamp- 
post !" A Frenchman who spoke English came to his rescue 
by explaining the situation to his aggressors. 

Picpus (Rue de)— (XII). 

No. 35. — Oratory of Picpus which served as Chapel to 
the Convent of the Dames du Sacre-Cceur de Jesus et de 
Marie, called Les Dames de l'Adoration Perpetuelle. At 
the end of the garden stands the enclosure, called the 
Cemetery of Picpus, where are buried the 1340 victims 
guillotined in 1793 at the Place du Trone-renverse (now 
Place du Trone). It was, at that time, the convent of nuns, 
canonesses of Saint Augustin. This cemetery was created 



94 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

to replace that of Sainte Marguerite, in the Rue Saint- 
Bernard, the inhabitants of the Faubourg Saint-Antoine 
having energetically protested against the continuation of 
burials in the latter. The site of this common grave was 
indicated by a poor working-girl, whose father, servant of 
the Due de Brissac, and brother had been buried there. The 
Princesse de Hohenloe, sister of the Prince de Salm Kyr- 
burg, the same whose hotel Jefferson so much liked to con- 
template from the Terrace of the Tuileries, secretly bought 
the ground and had it surrounded by walls. The cemetery 
was afterwards bought in 1802 by the Marquise de Mon- 
tagu-Noailles, daughter of the Duchesse d'Ayen, one of the 
victims, and by Mme. Le Rebours, whose husband, the 
President Le Rebours, had been likewise buried there. On 
a black marble slab, placed near the entrance gate, are in- 
scribed the names of those who rest in this enclosure, among 
others the poet Andre Chenier. 

Next to the cemetery follows another little funeral en- 
closure where the families of the victims were authorised 
to be buried near them. It is in this second part, and at 
the end of it, that the tomb of General La Fayette is to 
be found. His wife had preceded him there, and it is 
there that he desired to be buried. His tomb was covered 
with earth that he had brought from America. 

General Pershing came especially to lay a crown of 
roses on the tomb of La Fayette, the 15th of June 191 7. 
The Marquis de Chambrun, a descendant of La Fayette, 
evoked in a few words the old friendship which joins 
America and France. General Pershing replied : "It is for 
me a great pleasure to have had occasion to visit the tomb 
of General La Fayette who did so much for America. We 
are happy to pay our tribute to his memory and to thus 
tighten still more the bonds which unite our two great 
nations." Tradition has it that he here pronounced the 
words, henceforth historic: "La Fayette, we have 
come." 

President Wilson also came to bow before this tomb the 
15th of December 1918. 

Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Mottier, Mar- 
quis de La Fayette, born September 6th, 1757 at the Chateau 
de Chavagnac (Haute Loire), was garrisoned at Metz, 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 95 

when, in the month of August, 1775, during a dinner at 
the house of his relative, the Marechal de Broglie, he became 
angry at hearing the Duke of Gloucester, brother of King 
George III, travelling through that town, speak of the 
insurgents. He himself said : "My heart was enrolled, and 
I could dream only of uniting my flags to theirs." He 
made the acquaintance of Baron de Kalb, an officer serving 
in the French Army, and sent, under Louis XV, to America 
by Choiseul: the latter presented him to Franklin and to 
Silas Deane. Recommended by Franklin to Congress, he 
succeeded in escaping the ambushes which had been set for 
him to prevent his departure. The minister, Maurepas, 
tried vainly to stop him, and, the 24th March 1777, the 
vessel "La Victoire," which La Fayette had just bought at 
Bordeaux, left Pauillac, on the "Gironde," and sailed for 
Pasajes, from whence he soon after sailed to America. 
In the United States La Fayette received the rank and the 
commission of Major General in the American Army. 
There is no need to recall the part he played during the War 
of Independence. 

He returned to France in 1779 to ask the aid necessary 
to help the United States. The despatch of Rochambeau's 
Army, placed under the orders of Washington, was the 
answer to this appeal. La Fayette returned in 1780 to 
America, from whence he made a second voyage to Europe, 
which had for result the declaration of war by Spain upon 
England. Finally, after the Peace of Versailles, he again 
set out for the United States : this voyage was for him a 
real triumph (1784- 1785). 

La Fayette played an important part in the French Revo- 
lution. It was he who sent to Washington the keys of the 
principal gate of the Bastille, after the 14th of July 1789. 
He was accused of having aided in the King's flight to 
Varennes. Little by little he lost his popularity. Discour- 
aged, threatened with poverty, he left, in August, 1792, the 
troops that he commanded, and sought refuge in a neutral 
country. Arrested by an Austrian outpost, he was shut up 
as a prisoner of state in the fortress of Olmutz from whence 
the urgent protests of the American Government caused him 
to be delivered at the moment of the Treaty of Campo 
Formio, in 1797. Having returned to Paris in 1799 after 



96 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

the "coup d'etat" of 18 Brumaire, he went to reside at the 
Chateau de la Grange-Bleaneau, near Rosoy (Seine et 
Marne). He took no part in the political events of the 
Empire. He was elected deputy of the Sarthe in 1818 and 
represented that department till 1824. 

La Fayette left Paris for the United States the nth July 
1S24; there he was the "guest of the nation." During 
this voyage, which was nothing less than a long continua- 
tion of ovations for him, he had occasion to again see 
Duponceau, one of his former companions-in-arms, and 
General Bernard, a refugee to the United States. He re- 
turned to the Chateau de la Grange 9th October, 1825. 
After the Revolution of 1830 he was elected Commandant 
of the National Guard. 

He died in Paris, 20th May 1834, in a house of the 
Rue d'Anjou, and was buried May 22d at the Cemetery of 
Picpus, where his tomb remains a place of pilgrimage for 
all Americans passing through Paris. 

Pierre-Charron (Rue)— (VIII). 

No. 65. — The United States Minister Plenipotentiary, 
Levi P. Morton, lived here in 1881. 

No. 68. — United States Passport Bureau (1919). 

Pierre Curie (Rue)— (V). 

The University of Paris began on the immense site com- 
prised between this street and the Rues d'Ulm and Saint- 
Jacques the construction of many Scientific Institutes, 
among them a new Institut de Chimie, for the installation 
of which Andrew Carnegie gave to the University of Paris 
the sum of 200,000 francs in 1912 and 1913. 

No. 24. — Carnegie Endowment. 

Pierre I ler de Serbie (Avenue)— (XVI). 

No. 25. — Endowment Miller-Gould, created in 1900. The 
house was built after the fire of the Charity Bazaar, Rue 
Jean-Goujon. 

Pigalle (Rue)— (IX). 

No. 3. — It was here that William Morris Hunt had a 
studio during his residence in Paris. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 97 

Pont-Neuf (Place du)— (I). 

Formerly Place Henri-IV. — Nicolas-Jean-Francatetel, 
master goldsmith, lived here in 1783, at the time of the stay 
which Major l'Enfant, who traced the plan of the City of 
Washington, made at Paris, at the end of that year, on 
his return from the United States. Washington, President 
of the Cincinnati Society, founded in May, had asked 
l'Enfant to take advantage of this journey to order from 
some skilled Parisian jeweller the arms of that order, the 
designs for which he had submitted to the President. It 
was chiefly Francastel and another goldsmith, Duval, who 
were charged with the execution of this project. The mak- 
ing of the eagles was more costly than l'Enfant had fore- 
seen, and these financial difficulties caused him to shorten 
his stay in France. He returned in April 1784 to New 
York, and the Society shortly afterwards indemnified him 
for the losses sustained by him in buying the eagles and the 
insignia. 

The Cincinnati Order was the first foreign Order ad- 
mitted into France, by Royal command of 18th December 
1783. It is well known that the question of heredity was 
violently debated ; Franklin, then in France, showed himself 
hostile to it, and persuaded Mirabeau to publish his "consid- 
erations on the Order of Cincinnatus or invitation of an 
Anglo-American pamphlet," a work already filled with 
Revolutionary ideas. 

Port Marion (Rue de)-— (II). 

Francois, Marquis de Barbe-Marbois (1745-1837), lived 
in 1797 in this street which had been opened two years 
previously through the gardens of the Due de Richelieu. He 
had been Secretary of the French Legation to the United 
States, then Governor of Saint Dominique in 1785. 

Presbourg (Rue de)— (XVI). 

No. 6. — Was inhabited from 1863 to 1864 by W. L. 
Dayton, and from 1867 to 1868 by General John A. Dix, 
United States Minister Plenipotentiary. 

President Wilson (Avenue du) — (XVI). 

Formerly called Avenue du Trocadero. It was thus 
named by a vote of the Municipal Council of Paris dated 



98 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

the 28th of June 1918, and was officially inaugurated under 
its new name the 4th of July following, on the occasion of 
Independence Day. 

Quatre-Septembre (Rue du) — (II). 

No. 24. — The United States Consulate General was in- 
stalled here from 1884 to 1887. 

Quincampoix (Rue) — (III). 

No. 65. — House built on the site of the former Hotel de 
Beaufort where were situated the offices of Law's Bank 
till March 1720. The Rue Quincampoix was then the 
meeting-place of all the speculators in shares of the Com- 
pagnie des Indes: when it was shut to them by Law they 
went to the Rue Vivienne, then to the Place des Victoires, 
and to the Hotel de Soissons, on the site of which now 
stands the Bourse de Commerce. 

No. go. — Here the watch rang the bell to warn the crowd 
to quit the street, when Law's Bank was established 
there. 

Racine (Rue)— (VI). 

No. 5. — Henry W. Longfellow dwelt here during his first 
voyage to Paris, in the Winter of 1826- 1827. 

Ranelagh— (XVI). 

In July 1778 the Lodge of the Neuf-Soeurs celebrated 
at Passy the feast of Saint-Jean d'Ete in honour of Frank- 
lin, who had joined this Lodge after the initiation of Vol- 
taire. On this occasion Franklin was offered the symbolic 
apron which had belonged to Helvetius and which Voltaire 
had worn. The feast took place in the establishment of 
Ranelagh where there was a dancing hall and a theatre 
which were arranged for the circumstance. 

Raspail (Boulevard)— (VI). 

No. go. — Office National des Universites et Ecoles frm- 
gaises. 

This organisation, which occupies itself in particular 
with supplying French professors abroad, has obtained 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 99 

from the Ministere de lTnstruction publique in France about 
thirty bursaries for American students: (1920) 2 for the 
Ecole Normale Superieure of Sevres, 6 for the Ecole of 
Saint-Germain-en-Laye, and 22 for different institutions. 

No. 1 01. The French Alliance. — This Association has 
created for American students courses in the French lan- 
guage destined for those who, knowing only the elements 
of French, desire to perfect themselves in its vocabulary, 
grammar, composition, pronunciation, conversation, and 
reading. 

These classes take place in the branches of the French 
Alliance from 8 130 till 12 in the morning, and from 2 130 
till 5 in the evening. 

Raynouard (Rue)— (XVI). 

Nos. 66 and 62. — No. 66 of the Rue Raynouard marks 
the site of a pavilion of the old Hotel de Valentinois that 
Franklin inhabited from 1777 to 1785. This site is now 
occupied by the Chapel of the Institution des Freres des 
Ecoles Chretiennes; he dwelt also, notably in 1782, at the 
Hotel de Valentinois itself, in which lived his landlord, M. 
Le Ray de Chaumont, who would never accept any 
payment as rent. This little hotel was entered at No. 9 of 
the Rue de l'Annonciation ; Franklin had set up a printing 
press in the out-buildings. 

It was at No. 62 that Franklin made his first experiments 
with his lightning conductor : it is curious to recall on this 
subject that Maximilien de Robespierre, the celebrated con- 
ventionalist, defended, in 1780, while he was notary at Saint 
Omer, an inhabitant of that town who had had a lightning 
conductor placed upon his house, considered by his neigh- 
bours as an infernal machine. 

Franklin stayed three times in Paris. He came there first 
in September 1767, then in July 1769. He had long known 
French, since 1733, but. he pretended to speak it with dif- 
ficulty. He delivered himself into the hands of the tailors 
and hair-dressers who, in six days, transformed him into a 
"French gentleman." He was presented to Louis XV and 
he assisted at the King's "grand convert." 

In 1776 he reached Paris the 21st of September, and 
lodged first for a week in the Rue de l'Universite before 



100 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

going to live at Passy ; he thus described his dwelling-place 
to Mrs. Stevenson : "I am living in a pretty house situated 
in a fine amphitheatre-like garden, half-a-mile from Paris ; 
there is a large garden for me to walk in. I know crowds of 
people, and I dine in town six days out of the seven. I have 
reserved the Sundays to dine at home with Americans who 
pass through Paris, and that day I have my grandson 
Ben from school with some other American children." He 
there received the most distinguished men in Paris : Tur- 
got, Buffon, d'Alembert, Condorcet, La Rochefoucauld, 
Malesherbes, Raynal, Mably, Beaumarchais, Mirabeau, 
Marat, and even the Nuncio. He frequented at Passy itself 
a more intimate circle : his friendship for Madame Hel- 
vetius, at whose house he dined every Saturday, is cele- 
brated, and he had almost become a member of the Brillon 
family ; it was for Mme. Brillon, his witty neighbour whom 
he visited so often, that he wrote in French his "Bagatelles." 
Deslon, a disciple of the famous Mesmer, whose experi- 
ments Franklin, with a learned commission, had examined, 
came to mesmerise a tree at Passy before Franklin. 

Franklin's popularity in Paris was enormous ; admired by 
wise men and philosophers who compared him to Newton 
and to Socrates, he at once charmed both the elegant and 
the crowd by his good nature and by the simplicity of his 
bearing. If he was curled and powdered during his first 
voyages, in 1776, he seeks to "appear," according to his own 
expression, "the person the best fitted to draw upon himself 
general sympathy" ; he went everywhere in a Quaker cos- 
tume of an American countryman, his hair long, flat and 
without powder, covered with a fur cap, or with a little 
round hat ; with that he wore a brown cloth coat, and large 
spectacles. At the Opera, at the Concert of Amateurs, at 
the Hotel des Affaires Etrangeres, he was cheered by the 
crowd, and his portrait, engraved, painted, or chiselled, can 
be seen everywhere with the beautiful device which Turgot 
had made for him "Eripuit coelo fulmen sceptrumque tyran- 
nis. 

From the depths of his little house at Passy Franklin 
neglected no means of propaganda and skilfully pursued his 
work in favour of the American cause ; he had several inter- 
views with La Fayette before leaving for America. At 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 101 

Passy he often received Beaumarchais and we are told 
that the latter, having just heard, at Franklin's house, of the 
capitulation of Burgoyne, hurried into his coach so as to go 
and spread the news in Paris, and drove his horses so hard 
that the carriage was overturned and he had his arm 
broken. 

Among the many tales which are told in connection 
with Franklin's stay in Passy, is that of the blessed bread 
which, although a Protestant, he wished to offer to the 
Church of Passy on the Eve of the Epiphany, and for which 
he had had prepared thirteen "brioches," the number equal 
to that of the States of the Union ; the first bore the name 
of Liberty, which rather scandalised the cure of Passy 
whom Franklin invited the night before to dinner, with the 
Bishop of Saintes, and that mysterious person, the Chevalier 
d'Eon, who passed for a woman. 

It was in this little house that Franklin began to write 
the continuation of his Memoirs 1784, thirteen years after 
having started them at Twyford. The "Correspondance" 
that he wrote there is particularly attractive for the History 
of Paris and of Paris society of that epoch. The name 
of La Fayette is often to be found, and Franklin there 
relates the steps he took to have executed by the best 
artists of Paris the sword which Congress had voted to the 
latter. 

Painful attacks of gout prevented Franklin from pre- 
senting himself at Versailles before his departure; the 
Comte de Castries, in the name of Louis XVI, sent to Passy, 
10th July 1785, a portrait of the King set in a double circle 
of 408 diamonds of a value of fifty thousand francs. July 
1 2th at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, he left Passy accompanied 
by Le Ray de Chaumont, by the latter's daughter, and by 
his friend Le Veillard. He travelled in a litter belonging 
to the Queen, borne by two mules. At Havre he was joined 
by Houdon, who was going to the United States to make 
the statue of Washington. 

The news of his death, which took place 17th April 1790, 
reached Paris the 10th of June following. In addition to 
the mourning voted on that occasion by the Constituent 
Assembly, and to the funeral ceremony of the Halle aux 
Bles, which is mentioned elsewhere, numerous proofs of 



102 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

sympathy were then addressed to the memory of the illus- 
trious American. On the 14th of June M. de La Roche- 
foucauld read at the Societe of 1789 an "Essay on the Life 
of Franklin." The members of the Societe voted a mourn- 
ing of three days, and had placed in the "Salle des Seances" 
the bust of Franklin with this inscription: "Homage ren- 
dered by the unanimous suffrage of the 'Societe' of 1789 
to Benjamin Franklin, the object of the admiration and 
regrets of the friends of Liberty." Finally, the Society of 
the Printers of Paris wished to honour in its own way the 
memory of its glorious confrere. It met in a large hall 
where, on a pedestal, was placed the bust of Franklin 
surmounted by a civic crown, whilst one of the members 
of the Society pronounced the eulogy of Franklin. The 
speech was composed, printed, and distributed to the as- 
sembly. 

Regard (Rue du)— (VI). 

No. 15. — Site of the Hotel de La Guiche, built in 171 1, 
now occupied by buildings of the Credit Municipal. See in 
the courtyard the plaque indicating the plan of the old 
Hotel de La Guiche, one of whose f acades has been rebuilt ; 
the gates are those of the former hotel. 

It was here that General John Armstrong, United States 
Minister Plenipotentiary, lived in 1806 and 1807. 

Reservoirs (Rue des) — (XVI) 

No. 2. — Cemetery of Passy, opened in 1803. James Gor- 
don Bennett, who died in Paris 21st May 1918, is buried 
here. 

Richelieu (Rue de)— (I and II). 

This street has counted among its inhabitants many cele- 
brated Americans and some Frenchmen, the memory of 
whom still lives in the United States. 

Franqois Rene de Chateaubriand (1768 to 1848), the 
illustrious writer, lived here before going to America in 
1791. It is said that he had started with the idea of dis- 
covering the Northwest Passage to India, and that it was 
Washington, with whom he dined, who put him off this ad- 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 103 

venture. He passed more than a year in North America, 
visited its principal cities, and the most picturesque sites of 
the United States and Canada and returned to Paris at the 
beginning of 1792. He has made good use of the souvenirs 
of this voyage in several of his works : "Atala, the Adven- 
tures of the Last Abencerage," the "Natchez," the "Voyage 
to America," often transforming them, also, for it is doubt- 
ful if he saw, for example, the Mississippi, as he has de- 
scribed it, with a fauna and a flora which have never been 
known there, and which are due only to his imagination. 

Armand Louis de Gontaut, Due de Biron (1747- 1793), 
known till 1788 under the name of Due de Lauzun, was 
born in the Rue de Richelieu. He took an important part in 
the War of Independence. As soon as the despatch of 
French troops to America was decided, Lauzun begged as 
a favour to be a member of the expeditionary troops with 
the new corps of volunteers which he had just formed, and 
which were called the Foreign Volunteers of Lauzun: the 
entire legion, except two companies of fusiliers, embarked 
under his orders at Brest, 5th April 1780. Lauzun was 
on board the "Provence," and the band of his volunteers 
gave every day during the voyage a concert which the 
other ships drew near to hear. At Yorktown Lauzun was 
charged with the blockade of that part of the town situated 
on the right bank of the York. During the siege Lauzun 
fought a celebrated fight in a cavalry engagement with 
Colonel Tarleton, who commanded the English Dragoons. 
It was he who was sent to> parley for the capitulation, and 
was then charged to bear the news of it to France. Lauzun 
returned to America in 1781. He there received the com- 
mand of the French troops after the departure of Rocham- 
beau, then after the Treaty of Versailles he embarked 
with them for France, May nth, 1783. Among the vessels 
chartered to transport them Congress was anxious to give 
one of them the name of Lauzun. After participating in 
several campaigns of the Revolution Lauzun was guillotined 
the 31st December 1793. 

No. 8. — Hotel du Palais-Royal, where the American Uni- 
versity Union in Europe had its headquarters since its foun- 
dation in Paris, 6th July 191 7, till the 1st November 1919, 
at which date it was transferred to the Rue de Fleurus, 



104 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

opposite the Jardin du Luxembourg; from October 1917 
till June 1919 about 30,000 American students, belonging 
to the American troops, were enrolled there. 

No. 26. — Here stood, before the Revolution, the shop of 
the celebrated Mile. Bertin, Marie-Antoinette's milliner. 
She had made for Her Majesty a hat a la "Paul Jones," 
for feminine fashions, like minds from 1776 to 1783 espe- 
cially were subject to the influence of the United States. 
Then were seen coats "a l'lnsurgente," and "Lightning-con- 
ductor" dresses, in honour of Franklin, with a little steel 
point and two wires trailing to the ground. But it was 
especially in the creation of coiffures that the imagination 
of milliners had scope. They made coiffures "a la Boston," 
"a la Grenade," "a la Philadelphie," "au glorieux d'Es- 
taing" ; that "a la Belle Poule" with a frigate loaded with 
masts with rigging and with batteries was certainly the most 
complicated. It was invented on the occasion of a fight in 
which took part the frigate of that name, on 17th June 1778. 
All articles of fashion and those especially made in Paris 
were "a l'Amerique." The name of Franklin was also given 
to hats, gloves, snuff-boxes, and even to dishes. These 
manifestations of sympathy for America before the official 
alliance between the two countries awoke even beneath 
that form the fears of the police who, in December 1777, 
forbade, not the wearing of the new coiffure "Aux Insur- 
gents," but its name. This interdiction naturally only in- 
creased the rage for it. 

No. 50. — Hotel built in 1738, in which, doubtless, the 
Marquise de Pompadour was brought up, and which bears 
since 1792, as a furnished hotel, the name of Hotel de 
Strasbourg. The American writer and historian, Moncure 
D. Conway, lived there, and it was there that he wrote his 
"Life of Thomas Paine." 

No. 65. — It was in this building, which dates from the 
XVI Ith Century and which was, a century later, the fur- 
nished Hotel Richelieu, afterwards called "de Louis XVI," 
that Gouveneur Morris stopped, the 3d of February 1789, 
on his arrival in Paris, where he had come to superintend 
the execution of certain bargains made by him with the 
fermiers-generanx. The letters of recommendation which 
Washington had given him opened to him all the doors, and 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 105 

his manners and his wit caused him to be received in the 
best society. He was interested in all contemporary events 
in which he foresaw the approaching Revolution. Some 
days after the taking of the Bastille, he dined with La Fay- 
ette, now become King of Paris as Commandant of the 
National Guard, and visited with him, on the 16th July, 
the old fortress, which they had begun to pull down. Mor- 
ris made several voyages to England and to Holland for the 
purpose of negotiating a loan destined for the repayment of 
the American debt to France. 

In November 1790, on his return from Holland, he was 
still living in the Rue de Richelieu at the Hotel du Roi, and 
he was still living there in May 1792 when Washington 
named him United States Minister to Paris, although his 
opposition to the French Revolution was known; besides, 
in the American Senate his nomination raised a somewhat 
lively opposition, and was only ratified with a feeble major- 
ity. After the events of the 10th August 1792, Morris did 
not follow the example of other foreign ministers who left 
Paris ; he remained there in spite of the pressing advice of 
his family and of Talleyrand. He saw perish in the mas- 
sacres of September such friends as M. de Montmorin, the 
Princesse de Lamballe, the Due de La Rochefoucauld. 

After the execution of Louis XVI Morris wrote: "Life 
in Paris . . . has, as a matter of fact, become torture." 
In England there being a rumour that he had been guillo- 
tined, Morris replied to his brother that this news was un- 
true "at the moment of its publication." Fortunately he was 
a man of unlimited resource. Later on he loved to relate 
how, one day that he was driving in Paris in a very fine 
coach, the crowd came about him crying: "Aristocrat!" 
Morris showed his wooden leg at the door, declaring in 
excellent French that he had lost his leg in the service of 
American liberty, the truth being that he had never taken 
p'art in any fight, and that his amputation was simply the 
result of a vulgar carriage accident which had happened in 
1780 in Philadelphia. On the 28th May 1793, Morris was 
arrested in the street and taken to the revolutionary section 
of the Butte des Moulins (quarter of the Avenue de 
l'Opera), because he was without a civic card. Set free at 
once, he had nevertheless to submit to a domiciliary visit. 



106 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

That very day he made a complaint, and obtained a pass- 
port for the interior of France. He went to live in the 
country near Paris, at Seine-Port, where, some miles away 
from the Terror of Paris, he could see processions being 
formed to obtain rain from "le bon Dieu." 

The recall of Morris had been asked for by the French 
Government directly after Washington had demanded that 
of the French Minister Genet. Morris returned for some 
time to Paris, from whence he again went back to his little 
retreat of Seine-Port in the Spring of 1794. At his pressing 
demand he was at length replaced by Monroe. He inter- 
ceded about that time in favour of Mme. de La Fayette, 
not as a Minister, but as an American citizen. He left 
Paris on the 14th of October 1794, sending to the United 
States all his possessions in France : books, wine, furni- 
ture, silver, carriages. He had, especially, in his cellar 
some Imperial Tokay, sealed with the double Austrian eagle, 
a present from the Empress Marie-Therese to Marie-An- 
toinette, which he had bought at a grocer's during the Ter- 
ror, for 25 sous a bottle. The last of it was drunk only 
in 1848 at New York, at a wedding. Morris returned 
through Germany, where he again saw, at Hamburg, in 

1797, La Fayette who had been set free from Olmiitz at 
the instance of the American Government, and he entreated 
him to go to America. Having left Altona the 7th October 

1798, he arrived only on the 5th January 1799 at his house 
in Morrisania, where he saw rather frequently, in 1807, 
General Moreau, who, exiled from France in 1804 for hav- 
ing taken part in the plot of Cadoudal and Pichegru, lived 
in the United States till 1813. 

No. 79. — Was occupied by the United States Consulate 
from 1873 t0 l88 6. 

No. 89. — It was here that dwelt, during his stay in Paris, 
John Howard Payne, actor, author, poet, theatrical manager, 
who spent twenty years of his life between London and 
Paris. He had many dwellings, at the Rue du Colombier 
(now Rue Jacob), in the Faubourg Saint-Germain, and at 
the Palais-Royal, where he wrote "Home, Sweet Home." 
He had also' bought a villa at Versailles. It was Payne 
who presented his fellow-countryman Irving to Talma in 
182 1. He fell in love with Shelley's widow whom he met in 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 107 

1823 at l'Hotel Nelson, in Paris. He returned to America 
in 1835. 

No. 95. — James Monroe came to Paris for the first time 
in 1794 as Minister Plenipotentiary, in succession to Gouv- 
eneur Morris ; appointed the 28th of May, he arrived there 
at the end of July, after the fall of Robespierre. Contrary 
to his predecessor he sympathised with the Revolutionary 
ideas but, in the absence of all the other Ambassadors who 
had left Paris, he had a difficult task, and the Comite de 
Salut Public were some time before receiving him. Monroe 
obtained the release of Thomas Paine, imprisoned in the 
Luxembourg under the pretext of having conspired in 
favour of Louis XVI to bring him back to power. It was 
at No. 101 (the present No. 95), of the Rue de Richelieu, 
in a furnished hotel, then known at the Hotel des Patriotes 
Etrangers, and which has since been pulled down, that 
Morris sheltered and nursed Paine, who was ill, in 1795. 
Paine there wrote the second part of "The Age of Rea- 
son. 

Recalled the 22d of August 1796 from his first mission in 
France, Monroe left the French Government the follow- 
ing December. He was replaced by C. C. Pinckney. In 
1803 Jefferson sent him to France with Livingston to treat 
with Napoleon I about the transfer of Louisiana to the 
United States. During the month which followed his ar- 
rival this sale was concluded and ratified by Napoleon for 
3,200,000 francs, 3rd May 1803. Monroe took leave of 
the Emperor the 24th of June following. 

The Bibliotheque Nationale stands on the site of several 
hotels, especially the Hotel Tubceuf, bought by Louis XV 
in 1719 to make of it the seat of the Compagnie des Indes, 
and of the Hotel de Nevers, part of the old Palais Mazarin, 
in which Law and his royal Bank were installed after 
1719. 

Law had obtained in August 1717 the exploitation of 
Louisiana, conceded first in favour of the financier Crozat 
who gave up his privilege; he also obtained the trade in 
beaver skins of Canada, and was thus able to exploit nearly 
the whole of the northern part of America with a privilege 
lasting 25 years, granted by letters patent the 6th of Septem- 
ber 1717. The Compagnie d'Occident, which the public 



108 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

called the Mississippi Company, had a capital of one hun- 
dred millions, divided into 200,000 shares of five hundred 
francs payable to bearer, which soon became the object of 
violent speculation, to the benefit of Law's Bank. In May 
1719 Law had transferred to him commercial privileges 
of the Compagnies des Indes Orientals, de Chine, d'Afrique, 
de Guinee, de Saint Dominique, and made his company the 
Compagnie des Indes. It was then that he established it in 
the Hotel de Nevers. 

Law undertook to forcibly colonise Louisiana. The Com- 
pagnie des Indes spread, far and wide, advertisements, in 
which were described mountains full of precious metals, 
rocks of emerald in Arkansas, and of fabulous operations 
of barter with the Natchez. Some volunteers offered to go 
there, but they proceeded especially by the enrolment of 
vagabonds picked up in the streets, and of criminals taken 
from the prisons. The hospitals furnished stray children of 
both sexes, and the company was even accused of having 
children kidnapped in the streets. In 1720 they made two 
special companies of recruiters for colonisation, called by 
the public the Bandoliers du Mississippi, because of the 
shoulder straps to which they suspended their rifles. It was 
said that, for a sum of money, it was possible to make use 
of them to have one's personal enemies arrested and sent 
far away. Abbe Prevost has alluded to these abductions, 
and has placed among this scenery of the Compagnie du 
Mississippi his celebrated novel of Manon Lescaut and the 
Chevalier Desgrieux. 

When Law's shares went down, the bearers of notes 
crowded to the doors 'of the Bank, in the Rue Vivienne. 
On July 17th, 1720, it was reckoned that there were more 
than 15,000 people there and of these fifteen were crushed 
before five o'clock. Law, attacked by the crowd in his 
coach, was saved only by the swiftness of his horses. He 
was declared bankrupt, and crossed the frontier in Decem- 
ber 1720. 

The Bibliotheque Royale was established there in 1721 
and rapidly developed considerably. It has been regularly 
open to the public since 1692 and many Americans have 
come there to work, from Franklin down to Moncure D. 
Conway, who lived and died beside it. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 109 

Bibliotheque Nationale. 

i. Department des Imprimes. — This department reckons 
about 40,000 volumes consecrated to the History of Amer- 
ica, of which an important part bears on the History of the 
United States. A series of special catalogues is consecrated 
to this subject. 

A collection of books, manuscript documents, and prints 
relative to America was bequeathed in 1886 to the Library 
by M. Augrand, with a sum of 60,000 francs, the interest 
on which partly serves to endow with a quinquennial prize 
of 5,000 francs the best work which has appeared on the 
American languages, history and antiquities of times an- 
terior to the discovery of Christopher Columbus. This col- 
lection, which bears the name of its donor, contains about 
1,500 numbers. 

2. Departement des Manuscrits. — The number of manu- 
scripts of American origin preserved in this department is 
of small importance. An atlas of marine maps and of out- 
lines of the Coast of America taken at sea, executed 
on board the "Defiance," the ship of Francis Drake dur- 
ing his expedition of 1596-1598 (English Manuscript 
No. 51). 

3. Cabinet des Medailles. — This Cabinet possesses, in the 
Series "Medailles d'Etats," 184 medals recalling the events 
of the History of the United States ; in the Series "Grands 
Hommes," 40 medals of American citizens ; for instance, 
two large medallions, one of Franklin and the other of 
Elisha Kent Kane, and a medal of Jeanne d'Arc brought 
by Captain Alcock on his aeroplane in the crossing of the 
Atlantic, in June 1919 ; in the Series "Monnaies," about 294 
pieces of the United States. 

4. Departement des Estampes. — Besides several series of 
prints this department contains important collections of en- 
gravings relating to the United States, as well as many 
isolated items. Series of "Recueil de Costumes de l'Ame- 
rique" ; costumes militaires des Etats-Unis, par Arthur L. 
Bresler (1891) ; costumes de L'Amerique du Nord. 

Series H. C. American Cities and Ruins, by Charnay. 
Series Nd. Portraits of Celebrated Americans (1834- 
1839). 
Series U. Scenes and Views of America by Willis and 



110 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Bartlett (1840) ; North America, by G. Catlin; Voyage on 
the River Hudson, by Milbert (1828). 

Series Vd. Topography of Northern America (United 
States). 

Series Vh. Views of North America, by Bartlett and 
Payne ; Old New York, by Greatorex ; The Falls of Niag- 
ara, by Blouet (1838) ; Scenographia Americana (1768). 

5. Section de Geographic. — This department preserves a 
document which is the most ancient souvenir of America, 
not only in Paris, But in Europe. 

A map of America on a large scale, made in 1584 by 
Jacques de Vaulx, pilot in the King's Navy at Havre (mm. 
580 x mm. 810), on parchment. This map offers the par- 
ticularity of representing, from a political point of view, 
the American continent such as Queen Catherine de Medicis 
then imagined it to be ; shared between two vice-royalties : 
one of Newfoundland and of North America, granted to her 
equerry Troilus du Mesgouez, who bore that title since 
1578; and the other of Brazil, in favour of Philippe Strozzi, 
her cousin, who was to gain the Azores, then Brazil, but 
Strozzi was killed at the Azores, and this map has helped 
to reveal what was then "the Queen's secret." 

In 1892 the Section de Geographie organised, on the occa- 
sion of the 4th Centenary of the discovery of America, an 
important exhibition of manuscripts and of old maps relat- 
ing to America. The catalogue comprised 289 items. 

Rivoli (Rue de)— (I). 

The poet N. P. Willis lived in the Rue de Rivoli for six 
months in 1831 ; there he met Fenimore Cooper and Samuel 
F. B. Morse, and was, like them, presented to Louis 
Philippe. He visited Paris again on his wedding trip. 

Samuel Finley Breese Morse also lived in the Rue de 
Rivoli in 1838, near the Place des Pyramides ; he relates in 
his Journal that from his balcony he dominated the Jardin 
des Tuileries and could see the room occupied in the Palais 
des Tuileries by the Due d'Orleans ; he saw, the day fol- 
lowing his birth, the son of the latter, the future Comte de 
Paris, who was to serve in 1861 in the Federal troops of 
the United States. 

No. 230. — Opposite No. 230 of the Rue de Rivoli, an in- 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 111 

scription relates that there, in the street itself, was situated 
the hall of the Manege, belonging to the Palais des Tuileries, 
where were held the divers Revolutionary Assemblies : the 
Constituent Assembly from 7th November 1789 to 30th 
September* 1 79 1 ; the* Legislative Assembly from 1st October 
I79i,.till 21st September 1792, and the National Convention 
from 2 1st September 1792 to 9th May 1793, before it 
established itself in the Salle des Machines at the Tuileries. 
The President's tribune was where the plaque now is ; the 
bar and the orators' tribune was placed at the present pillar 
marked No. 230. 

It was in the Salle du Manege that, nth June 1790, 
Mirabeau went into the tribune and announced to the Na- 
tional Assembly the death of Franklin, who had formerly 
patronised him when he was only an unknown pamphleteer, 
and had encouraged him to write against Heredity of the 
Cincinnati Society his "Considerations sur l'Ordre de Cin- 
cinnatus en imitation d'un pamphlet Anglo-American," to 
wit, that of Judge yEdanus Burke. Mirabeau, whom Frank- 
lin had recommended in 1784 to Benjamin Vaughan, pro- 
posed to the National Assembly to decree that during three 
days it should wear mourning for the illustrious American ; 
the motion was voted unanimously. The Assembly voted 
besides the printing of Mirabeau's speech, and ordered that 
President Sieyes should communicate to the United States 
Congress the decision taken by the Assembly. The 20th of 
June following Sieyes wrote to the President of the United 
States a letter in which he said : "We hope that the citi- 
zens of the United States will notice with interest the 
funeral homage that we have rendered to the Nestor of 
America." 

The 10th of July of the same year, 1790, Paul Jones ac- 
companied to the Salle du Manege, before the National 
Assembly, a delegation of citizens of America living 
in Paris, whose President, William Henry Vernon, pro- 
nounced a sympathetic speech: the Assembly decreed the 
printing of it. This was the last act of the public life of 
Paul Jones. 

In its meeting of the 26th of April 1792, the National 
Assembly, taking into consideration a project of law pro- 
posed by the deputy, Guadet, voted the granting of the title 



112 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

of citizen to eighteen foreigners, among whom were four 
Americans : Thomas Paine, Jean Hamilton, companion-in- 
arms to Washington ; James Madison, one of the authors of 
the American Constitution; Washington Joel Barlow, who 
had just written a "Letter to the National Convention" to 
urge it to abolish royal power, and who had himself borne 
to that assembly an address from the English Republicans, 
received in his turn, the 17th February 1793, the title of 
French citizen. 

Another American, Thomas Paine, had the rare privilege 
of sitting at the National Convention. Since his second voy- 
age to Paris in 1787 he had vigorously defended republican 
ideas, replying in March 1791 by "Les Droits de 1'Homme" 
to the "Reflexions on the French Revolution" by Burke; 
founding one of the first Republican clubs ; finally writing 
in Le Republicain ; he was very popular in France. Tt was 
during one of his residences in England that he was elected 
to the Convention by four departments: l'Oise, le Pas-de- 
Calais, la Somme, and le Puy-de-D6me ; he chose the Pas- 
de-Calais. Having escaped from the English Government 
who tried to arrest him, Paine arrived in Paris the 19th of 
September 1792. From the 21st he went to the Tuileries for 
the verification of his powers by the Assembly, where Abbe 
Gregoire introduced him. He was appointed member of 
the committee charged to elaborate the new constitution; 
several of its members knew English, among others Dan- 
ton, Barrere, Brissot, with whom he had had relations in 
America, and Condorcet, to whose house he often went to 
work. 

Roquette (Rue de la)-^(XI). 

No. 118. — Site of the Prison of the Grande Roquette 
where was transferred and imprisoned, the 21st of May 
1871, Mgr. Darboy, Archbishop of Paris, in whose favour 
the United States Ambassador, Mr. Washburne, had inter- 
vened, and whom he had obtained permission to visit in the 
prison of Mazas. 

The Archbishop remained at La Roquette till the evening 
of the 24th with the other hostages; he was shot against 
the wall of the enclosure. Washburne visited the place of 
massacre some days later. He had warned the leaders of 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 113 

the government troops of the situation of the hostages as 
soon as they reached Paris, but the insurgents, entrenched 
between the Concorde and La Roquette, rendered impos- 
sible their arrival in time to be of any help. 

Rougemont (Rue) — (IX). 

No. 4. — In the Cite Rougemont the Hotel de la Cite 
Rougemont brings to mind the remembrance of Margaret 
Fuller, an American writer of talent, who came to Paris 
in 1848, and lived there. She became acquainted during 
this stay with some French men and women of letters, 
concerning whom she has given some curious impressions. 
She much admired G. Sand and Rachel. La Revue Inde- 
pendante published some of her articles on American litera- 
ture. Margaret Fuller was intimate with Mickevicz who 
encouraged her to marry in Italy the Comte Ossoli. She 
returned with him to America and left Paris the 25th 
of February 1847. 

Rousseau (Rue Jean- Jacques) — (I). 

Nos. 63-65. — The Hotel des Postes now occupies the site 
of the former Hotel Bullion which was, after 1779, the seat 
of the Masonic Lodge of Saint Jean d'Ecosse of the Con- 
trat Social : La Fayette was unanimously elected a member 
of it the 24th June 1782. 

Mesmer, whose experiments Franklin examined with a 
commission of learned men, lived from 1779 to 1784 in 
l'Hotel de Bullion. 

Royale (Rue)— (VIII). 

No. 11. — Was occupied during the late War by the Club 
for American Soldiers and Sailors. 

Sainte-Anne (Rue) — (I). 

Admiral Charles Henri d'Estaing (1 729-1 794), owned 
a hotel in this street, near the Rue des Petits-Champs, on 
the side of the odd numbers, from 1784 to 1794. 

He had taken a brilliant part in the war with America: 
after having been seriously wounded at Savannah, he took 
the Isles of Saint Vincent and of Grenade and defeated 
the English Admiral Byron. He was made a citizen of the 



114 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

State of Georgia the 22d'February 1785. The Museum of 
the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia, 
preserves a bust of Necker, in Sevres china, which d'Estaing 
sent to Washington, and which the latter placed in his 
library. In spite of the protection which Gouveneur Morris 
extended to him during the Revolutionary period, as well 
as to other officers who had taken part in the American 
War, he was arrested as noble and rich, and guillotined 
the 28th April 1794. 

From 1774 to 1783 d'Estaing lived during his short stays 
in Paris at the angle of the Rue St.-Honore and the Rue 
Saint-Florentin. 

Saint-Denis (Rue)— (I). 

No. 20. — At the end of 1796 an association of Theoan- 
throphiles was founded at the Hopital Sainte Catherine, 
34 Rue Saint-Denis, at the southeast corner of the Rue 
des Lombards : the site is now occupied by the Magasins 
de Pygmalion. The 16th of January 1797, Thomas Paine 
there made a speech of inauguration on the Existence of 
God. 

Saint-Denis (Rue du Faubourg) — (X). 

No. 144. — Towards the beginning of 1793 Thomas Paine, 
beset by visitors, by the curious and even by spies who un- 
ceasingly disturbed him, gave up living at the Hotel de 
Philadelphia Rue des Petits Peres, of which he kept only 
the address for the public; but, so as to be at peace, he 
rented, at the end of March, a house standing out of the 
way at No. 63 that was, of the Faubourg Saint-Denis. 
This house was said to have been inhabited formerly by 
Mme. de Pompadour, the celebrated favourite of Louis XV. 
He has himself described the old yard full of poultry and 
the garden full of fruit where apricots and green gages, 
the best he had ever eaten, grew. There he had rented a 
little apartment of three rooms in which he remained six or 
seven weeks ; friends came to keep him company, among 
whom was an American, Mr. Shapworth. 

After the arrest of Paine, in December 1793, this house 
became a school directed by a former priest, Joseph Honore 
Valant, who soon followed Paine to prison. In 1806 when 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 115 

the numbers were altered, 63 became 142. The site of 
the house is now occupied by the offices of the Compagnie 
des Chemins de Fer de l'Est; according to a legend the 
little garden which now exists there is all that is left of the 
one in which Paine walked. 

Saint-Dominique (Rue)— -(VII). 

During one of his visits to Paris Fenimore Cooper lived 
in the Rue Saint-Dominique. 

His first stay in or near Paris lasted from July 1826 to 
February 1828. It was at this time that he made the 
acquaintance of Walter Scott at the house of the Princesse 
Galitzine. He returned to Paris in August 1830, shortly 
after the Revolution of July, and stayed there until the 
time of his return to America in 1833. He was there dur- 
ing the epidemic of cholera of 1832. During his last stay 
he assisted at a banquet given by the Ambassador of the 
United States in honour of Canning, who was visiting 
Paris. 

No. 4. — Site of the former Hotel de Broglie. Claude 
Victor, Prince de Broglie (1757-1794), second in command 
of the Regiment of Saintonge, took part in the American 
Campaign. He has left a "J ourna ^" °f ms voyage. Taken 
before the Revolutionary Tribunal, he was guillotined in 
1794. 

No. 28. — Formerly Hotel de Caraman, now Hotel de La 
Rochefoucauld d'Estissac. Was inhabited in 1800 by Wil- 
liam Vans Murray, charged with a mission to the French 
Government with Oliver Ellsworth and William R. Davey, 
who lodged in the Rue Bateliere. 

No. 100. — W. R. King, United States Minister Plenipo- 
tentiary, lived here in 1846. 

Saint-Florentin (Rue) — (I). 

No. 2. — A fine hotel built in 1767 by the architect Chalgrin 
for Phelippeaux de la Vrillere, Comte de Saint Florentin. 
After the Revolution it was bought by Charles Maurice de 
Talleyrand Perigord, who had taken refuge in America in 
1794, and there re-made his fortune in business. The 
oath of fidelity to the Government of Pennsylvania and of 
the United States, which Talleyrand made the 19th May 



116 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

1794 before the Mayor of Philadelphia, has been pre- 
served. 

No. 7. — Ferdinand de Lesseps, the promoter of the pierc- 
ing of the Isthmus of Panama, lived here. 

No. p. — Louis-Philippe, Comte de Segur (1753-1830), 
who went through the American War with La Fayette, 
lived in his youth, about the middle of the street, in the 
hotel of his father, Philippe Henri, Marquis de Segur, 
Marechal de France, and Minister of War in 1780. 

Saint-Georges (Rue) — (IX). 

No. 8. — Franklin's grandson, William Temple Franklin, 
lived here while staying in Paris. 

Saint-Germain (Boulevard) — (VI and VII). 

No. 184. — Societe de Geographie. — The celebrated ex- 
plorer, H. M. Stanley, was solemnly received here by the 
Societe de Geographie in 1878 on his return from his ex- 
pedition of 1875-1877 in Equatorial Africa. He had been 
Paris correspondent of the New York Herald after the War 
of Secession. He later stayed there several times. 

Saint-Gilles (Rue)— (III). 

Francois-Claude- Amour, Marquis de Bouille (1739- 
1800), lived in this street about 1773; he had made himself 
famous during the War of American Independence by 
the conquest of Dominique, Tabago, Saint Eustache, and 
Saint Christophe. 

Saint-Honore (Rue) — (I). 

No. 161. — Cafe de la Regence. The old cafe of the same 
name which was founded in 1681 was situated at the 
wastern angle of the Place du Palais-Royal and of the Rue 
Saint-Honore; Franklin frequented it, as well as Diderot, 
Voltaire, etc. 

No. 211. — This block comprises a great part of the build- 
ings of the Hotel de Noailles, a magnificent residence 
built in 171 1, the gardens of which were looked upon as one 
of the curiosities of Paris, and which extended as far as the 
present No. 223. It was in the Chapel of the Hotel de 
Noailles now extinct, that on Monday the nth of April 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 117 

1774, Marie- Adrienne- Franchise de Noailles, daughter of 
Jean-Paul-Francois de Noailles, due d'Ayen, General of 
Brigades and Armies of the King, and of Henriette-Anne- 
Louise d'Aguesseau de Fresne, Duchesse d'Ayen, was mar- 
ried to Marie-Joseph-Paul- Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Mottier 
de La Fayette, son of Michel-Louis-Christopher-Roch-Gil- 
bert du Mottier, Marquis de La Fayette, Baron de Vissac, 
Lord of Saint-Romain, and of Marie-Louise-Julie de la 
Riviere. The bridegroom was sixteen years old, and the 
bride fifteen. The nuptial benediction was given them by 
Abbe de Musat, cousin of the bridegroom. The future Mar- 
quise de La Fayette was born in the Hotel de Noailles in 

i>59- , • 

Her brother, Louis-Marie, Vicomte de Noailles (1756- 

1804), was also born there; he made the campaign of the 

Antilles with d'Estaing, returned to America with Rocham- 

beau as second-in-command of the regiment of Soissonais, 

and drew up the terms of the capitulation of Yorktown. 

He took refuge in America during the Revolution. 

No. 263. — Chapel of the former Convent of the Dames 
de l'Assomption (1670). 

It was here that the obsequies of La Fayette Jook 
place 22nd May 1834. At the end of the religious ser- 
vice a delegation of the Polish refugees in Paris bore to 
the funeral coach the coffin of the "Veteran of Liberty." 
The funeral procession went from there to the Cemetery 
of Picpus via the Place Vendome, the Rue de la Paix, 
the Boulevards as far as the Place de la Bastille, and the 
Faubourg Saint-Antoine as far as the Rue de Picpus. 
Mr. Baston, for the United States, held one of the cords 
of the pall. 

The Americans of Passy met, on the occasion of the 
death of La Fayette, on the 21st May at 12 o'clock, at 
the United States Legation, 24 Rue Chantereine, now Rue 
de la Victoire. 

No. 420. — Office of the Chicago Tribune, a Paris edition 
of which has appeared since the 4th July 1917. 

Saint-Honore (Rue du Faubourg) — (VIII). 

No. 33. — During the War the Cercle Interallie, frequented 
by numerous American personalities, was established, from 



118 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

1918 to 1919, in this hotel, lent by Doctor H. de Roths- 
child. 

General Lewis Cass, United States Minister Plenipoten- 
tiary, lived, in 1838, at (former) No. 45. 

No. 57. — Palais de l'Elysee (built in 1718 by Mollet for 
the Comte d'Evreux, and later inhabited by the Marquise de 
Pompadour). It is in this, the residence of the President of 
the Republic, that all Americans of note staying for a time 
in Paris, and a large part of the American colony have been 
received at official receptions, first from December 1849 to 
December 185 1, during the Second Republic, and since 
1871 ; it is here that the United States Ambassadors pre- 
sent their letters of credit to the President of the Republic. 

Presidents Roosevelt and Wilson were received here, the 
latter with the honours due to heads of States when visiting 
officially at Paris. 

No. 112. — Hotel of the Due de Noailles, which was after- 
wards inhabited by Due Charles de Damas (1758-1829), 
aide-de-camp of Rochambeau, during the American cam- 
paign. 

No. 186. — Formerly Hotel de Nogent at the end of the 
18th Century. Transformed into a hospital during the 
War, this building and its garden have been made, since 
the Armistice, into a home for American Soldiers, who 
called it "The Garden." 

No. 193. — The celebrated sculptor Houdon worked for a 
long time in the Faubourg Saint-Honore ; he had a studio 
there first after 1772, near the gate of the Roule, in a place 
belonging to the foundry of the Roule, which was part of 
the City of Paris and which was taken from him in 1787. 
He then bought a house situated opposite the Chapel of 
Saint-Nicolas, almost at the present Rue de Balzac. He 
lived there till 1813. 

It was in these studios that the famous sculptor executed^ 
the busts of Franklin, Jefferson, Fulton, and Barlow, lot 1 *. 
1785 he embarked with Franklin for the United States to 
execute the statue of Washington, now at Richmond, the 
project of which had been voted by the State of Virginia; 
he arrived at Mount Vernon October 2d, and there passed 
fifteen days. A replica in bronze of this statue was since 
offered to France by the State of Virginia, and inaugurated 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 119 

at Versailles in 1910. One may read in the Journal of 
Gouveneur Morris this little-known detail, that in 1789 
he used to go to Houdon's house to pose for the silhouette 
of General Washington whose statue the great sculptor 
was then finishing. 

Saint- Jacques (Rue) — (V). 

No. 123. Lycee Louis-le-Grand. — The north part of the 
Lycee occupies the site of the old College du Plessis, 
founded in 1316, which was of great importance because of 
its extent. It was at this college that La Fayette was placed 
at eleven years of age, directly his mother brought him from 
Chavaniac to Paris. It is said that he made fairly good 
Latin studies there. The college was turned into a jail 
during the Revolution, and by a curious chance, Mme. de 
La Fayette was shut up there for some time during the 
winter of 1794- 1795. 

Nicollet, former professor at the Lycee Louis-le-Grand, 
made, at his own expense, in 1831, the exploration of the 
Mississippi, going from its mouth to its source, of which 
he was the first to give a detailed description. He spent 
five years in these regions, established himself as professor 
in a little Catholic college in Baltimore, then was charged 
by the American Government with a new mission with a 
view to settling the map of the "River Colbert," which 
Marquette and Joliet had seen for the first time in June 
1673, and which La Salle had succeeded, nine years later, in 
descending as far as the Gulf of Mexico. 

Saint-Lazare (Gare)— (VIII). 

It was here that Samuel Finley Breese Morse (1791- 
1872) made in Paris his first experiments of telegraphy, on 
the line of Saint-Germain en Laye. 

A painter during the first half of his life and an in- 
ventor during the other, Morse came for the first time to 
Paris in 1829. There he worked at the Louvre of which he 
painted one of the galleries representing in miniature a 
certain number of the paintings ; he made 'the acquaintance 
of Benjamin Constant and of Horace Vernet, as also of 
Louis Daguerre, who initiated him into photography. He 
also met during this stay La Fayette, whose portrait he 



120 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

painted; he was received by the Royal Academy of Paint- 
ing. 

It was during his return voyage to the United States in 
1832 that he conceived the first idea of his telegraphic 
apparatus, on the "Sully," on board which ship he met 
Jackson returning from studying in Paris the questions of 
magnetism and electricity. He returned in 1838 to Paris, 
where he presented, 29th September, his system of teleg- 
raphy before the Academy of Sciences. 

Morse made a last voyage to Europe in 1868. 

The first experiments with the telephone made in France 
with the Graham-Bell apparatus took place in 1878 at the 
Gare Saint-Lazare. 

Saint-Lazare (Rue)— <IX). 

William H. Crawford, United States Minister Plenipo- 
tentiary, lived in this street m 1814 and 181 5. 

Saint-Martin (Rue)— (III). 

No. 292. — Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers. 
The Musee des Arts et Metiers contains some souvenirs 
capable of interesting American tourists. 

(1) Old Church of St. Martin des Champs (ground 
floor). First model of the Statue of Liberty illuminating 
the World, by A. Bartholdi, inaugurated at New York, 
October 28th, 1886. Two small models, and the head of the 
statue in course of making. 

(2) Salle 11 (first floor). Models of agricultural ma- 
chines, American, in the central glass cases. 

(3) Salle 53 (second floor). The portfolio No. 450 (ask 
it of the guardian) contains some valuable documents re- 
lating to Robert Fulton. Two drawings of his proposed 
steamboat, and two autograph letters relating to his inven- 
tion, addressed by him in 1798 and in 1803 to the Presi- 
dent of the Commission of the Conservatoire of Arts and 
Metiers. 

Saint-Michel (Boulevard)— (V). 

No. 93. — Foyer International des Etudiants (Student's 
Hostel). This hotel, more especially reserved before the 
war to American students, is now intended as a dwelling 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 121 

place, at a moderate charge, for students of all nationalities ; 
a students' club will be organised here. This hostel is 
placed under the auspices of the Y. W. C. A., of the 
Y. M. C. A. of London, and of the Christian Association 
of Students in Paris. 

Saints-Peres (Rue des)— (VII). 

The Vicomte de Mirabeau, brother of the orator, was 
born, it is said, in this street in 1754. He served in the 
American War; he was already known there under the 
name of Mirabeau-Tonneau which he had gained on ac- 
count of his great girth and of his love for wine. 

No. 64. — Furnished hotel of Bon La F6ntaine, in which 
Whistler went first to lodge when he came back to live in 
Paris in the Autumn of 1892. It was here that he made 
the portrait of Stephane Mallarme. 

Saint-Severin (Rue)— (V). 

Abbe Prevost of Exilles (1697-1763), the celebrated au- 
thor of Manon Lescaut, lived in this street. The second 
part of this famous novel, dedicated to the moral reform 
of Manon Lescaut, is laid in New Orleans. Of all the 
descriptions of New Orleans which have been written far 
from the Mississippi, the most exact seems still to be that 
of Abbe Prevost. The story of Manon Lescaut will be- 
sides remain not only as a literary masterpiece, but also 
as a very correct picture of female deportation from Paris 
to Louisiana during the time of Law and of the Mississippi 
Company. 

Saxe (Avenue de) — (XV). 

No. 52. — Marshal Foch lives here. 

Scribe (Rue)— (IX). 

No. 5. — The headquarters of the United States Consulate 
General was installed here from about 1880 till 1884. 

No. 11 bis. — Headquarters of the Union des Colonies 
etrangeres en France en faveur des victimes de la guerre; 
this association, in which the American colony had a con- 
siderable part, has established and maintained since the 



122 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

war five schools for the professional re-education of the 
mutilated, among others those of the Grand Palais and of 
Neuilly sur Marne; it has gathered together, till the end of 
1919, in gifts and in subscriptions, nearly 5 million francs, 
and has re-educated more than 7,000 mutilated men ; the 
contributions from the American Committee of New York 
reached, at the same date, 2 million francs. 

No. 15. — Office of the Paris American, a periodical dedi- 
cated especially to Franco-American relations. 

Sentier (Rue du)— (II). 

Jean-Francois, Marquis de Chastellux (1734-1788), lived 
in the Rue du Sentier from 1776 to 1784. He served under 
the orders of Rochambeau, as Major General in the Amer- 
ican War, and there became intimate with Washington. He 
was a member of the Academie Franchise, and he wrote in 
particular "Discours sur les Avantages de la decouverte de 
l'Amerique," and "Des Voyages dans l'Amerique Septen- 
trionale." 



Sevigne (Rue de)— (III). 

No. 23. — Musee Carnavalet. 

This Museum, especially dedicated to all that concerns 
the history of Paris, contains some documents interesting 
for the United States. 

First— Salle N. (Salle Louis XVI). 

Glass case on right on entering: Various portraits of La 
Fayette. Glass case in centre: objects bequeathed by Pier- 
pont Morgan (fan used by Marie Antoinette, ring and 
miniature containing her portrait, group in biscuit de Sevres 
of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette). At the bottom, on 
left: Portrait of La Fayette, young, by Danloux. 

Second. — Salle VII. (Salle de l'Empire). 

In the centre glass case: objects bequeathed by Pierpont 
Morgan; crystal glass having belonged to the Mother of 
Napoleon I, and clasp found at Pompeii, having belonged 
to Caroline, Queen of Naples. 

Third.— Salle XVI. 

Between the two windows : small bronze bust of Franklin. 
To the right : portrait of Franklin by Duplessis. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 123 

Finally the Museum is the depositary of American flag 
given by the city of Philadelphia to the city of Paris, in 
1917; this flag is a duplicate of the one which floats above 
Independence Hall, for the birthday of La Fayette, and 
has been already many times flown over the Hotel de 
Ville of Paris, where, the day following the taking of the 
Bastille, La Fayette was proclaimed Commander-in-Chief 
of the National Guard. 

During the war Mr. Otis A. Mygatt gave to the Museum 
some material for hangings composed of the Franco-Ameri- 
can colours. 

Sevres (Rue de)— (VII) 

No. 84. — Site of the hotel of the Due de La Rochefou- 
cauld Liancourt (1747- 1827), who dwelt there from 1768 
to 1793, before emigrating, first to England, then to the 
United States, from whence he returned to France in 
November 1799, after the coup d'etat of 18th Brumaire. 

Spontini (Rue)— (XVI). 

No. 2. — Two United States Ministers Plenipotentiary 
have lived hereabout: E. B. Washburne in 1875, 1876, and 
General Edward F. Noyes in 1877. 

Strasbourg (Boulevard de) — (X). 

Gare du Chemin de fer de VEst. 

The line of the Chemin de fer de l'Est leads to the prin- 
cipal sectors and battlefields of the American troops during 
the war; Alsace, the Vosges, Lorraine, Woevre, Argonne, 
Champagne, and the Marne. It is also by this Eastern Rail- 
way that the great American cemeteries of the front can be 
visited: Fismes, to the S. E. of Soissons; Belleau, to the 
N. of Chateau-Thierry; Seringe and Nesles, to the E. of 
Chateau-Thierry ; Beaumont, to the S. E. of Sedan ; 
Romagne-sous-Montfaucon, to the N. of Montfaucon, and 
Thiaucourt, to the N. of Toul (see Suresnes). 

Taitbout (Rue)— (IX). 

Towards the end of his stay in Paris Thomas Jefferson 
occupied an apartment in what was called the "Tetebout" 
blind-alley, now that part of the Rue Taitbout comprised 



1M AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

between the Boulevard des Italiens and the Boulevard 
Haussmann. 

His house became the centre for meetings of French 
officers having fought in the American Army; La Fayette 
came there often, and even invited there one evening at 
the end of 1789 some of his friends to discuss whether the 
right of veto should be granted to or taken away from the 
King. Jefferson reproached him with it, not wishing to 
seem to work for the overthrow of the regime to which he 
was accredited. 

No. 32. — The American Chamber of Commerce in France 
has fixed its quarters here since 1918; it was formerly at 
3 Rue Scribe. 

It was founded in the month of June 1894 by Dr. Stephen 
Higginson Tyng, a clergyman, of New York, who had 
been settled in Paris since 1881 as director of the Equitable 
of the United States. At the beginning it comprised 11 
members and now, at the end of 1919, more than 600. 

The Presidents of the American Chamber of Commerce 
since its foundation have been: 

1894-1897: Stephen H. Tyng. 

189^7-1900: Henry Peartree. 

1901-1902: Francis Kimbel. 

1903-1904: Henry Cachard. 

1905-1906: William S. Dalliba. 

1907-1909: Lawrence V. Benet. 

1910-1913: B. J. Shominger. 

1914- : Alfred S. Heidelbach. 

1915-1916: M. P. Peixotto. 

191 7- : Walter V. A. Berry. 

The American Chamber of Commerce has opened on its 
premises, since July 1919, to French and American students, 
the important library which has been instituted there since 
the War under the impulse of its President, Mr. Walter 
Berry. This Library already comprises not less than 10,000 
volumes, among which are particularly represented historic 
and economic sections. 

The Library is open every day, except Saturday and Sun- 
day, from 9 to 12 and from 2 to 6 in the afternoon. 

The Chamber of Commerce may be considered as the 
headquarters of the American Club of Paris. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 125 

Intended to "create more binding social relations between 
Americans living in or staying for a short time in Paris," 
this club was founded in February 1904, thanks to the 
efforts of General Horace Porter, at that time United States 
Ambassador to Paris, helped by Edmund Kelly, Embassy 
adviser, who was its first president. 

The American Club numbered at the beginning of 1919 
nearly 400 members, under the presidency and honorary 
vice-presidency of the Ambassador and of the Consul- 
General, and under the effective direction of an executive 
committee. To become a member of it one must be an 
American citizen living in, or staying for a time in France ; 
be presented by two members and accepted either by the 
administrative council, with a majority of three quarters of 
the voters, or by the executive committee unanimously. 
Persons not of American nationality may become members, 
with the title of associated members, the numbers of these 
may not exceed one-tenth of the titular members. 

This club, which is above all a centre of connections, and 
which has no headquarters properly so called, holds some 
of its meetings at the American Chamber of Commerce. 
Banquets are especially organised on the 22nd February, 
for the anniversary of Washington's birth, and the last 
Thursday of November on the occasion of Thanksgiving 
Day. 

A certain number of clubs founded in Paris during the 
XlXth Century may be looked upon as the predecessors of 
the American Club. 

The Latin Quarter Club, founded in 1873, lasted only a 
short time. It was replaced by the Cradle Club which gave 
receptions in honour of Bret Harte, Gowan, who introduced 
the telephone into France; Mark Twain, etc. Then came 
the Pen and Pencil Club, which received Oscar Wilde, In- 
man Barnard, Theodore Child, George Moore, among others. 
The Ramblers' Club grew out of it, at whose dinners as- 
sisted Richard Whitney, O'Gallagan; all Anglo-Saxons 
could become members of it. Then the Ramblers became 
The Stanley Club, so named in honour of the great ex- 
plorer. The Universities Club finally succeeded the Stanley 
Club and lasted many years, until in 1904 when the Ameri- 
can Club was founded. 



126 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Temple (Faubourg du)— (XI). 

No. 2. — On this site, now occupied by the Magasins 
Reunis, was established, in 1877, tne Myers American 
Circus. 



Temple (Rue du)— (IV). 

Admiral L. Antoine de Bougainville (1729-1771), the 
celebrated navigator, who took part in the American cam- 
paign, was born in 1729 in that part of the Rue du Temple 
which is located between the Rues de la Verrerie and 
Saint-Merri, and which was then called Rue Barre-du- 
Bec. 



Theatre-Frangais (Place du)— (I). 

Thedtre'-Frangais. 

Since 1786, the date at which the Comedie Francaise estab- 
lished itself in the premises which it still occupies, many 
Americans have come here to applaud its incomparable per- 
formers. 

In his Journal, Gouveneur Morris relates that he often 
went there to hear the actor Breville. At the opening of the 
XlXth Century John Howard Payne and Washington Irv- 
ing there often admired the celebrated Talma, whilst Long- 
fellow stopped especially in Paris to hear the great trage- 
dienne Rachel, who in 1856 made a tour in America, in the 
course of which she obtained only a fair success, and 
ruined her health. Emerson also went to applaud Rachel. 

Tocqueville (Rue de)— (XVII). 

Opened in 1840 under the name of the Rue d'Asnieres it 
received its present denomination in 1877, in honour of 
Alexis-Charles-Henri Clerel de Tocqueville (1805-1859), 
political writer and Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1849; 
he had been charged in 1831 to go to the United States to 
study its penitentiary system, and he published on his 
return a remarkable account of his mission. He published 
in 1835 "Democracy in America," which gained for him 
election to the Academie des Sciences Morales, then to 
the Academie Franchise. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 127 

Tokio (Avenue de)— -(XVI). 

Called Quai Debilly until 1918. 

The recollection of the experiments in steam navigation 
of Robert Fulton remains attached to all these banks of 
the Seine, from the Pont de l'Alma to the Pont du Troca- 
dero. 

Fulton (1765-1815) arrived in Paris early in July 1797; 
during the seven years that he spent in Paris he lived at 50 
Rue de Vaugirard at the house of his friend, Joel Barlow, 
with whom he was very intimate. He was then an artist 
and his best picture is the portrait of Barlow which he 
made in Paris, likewise that of Ruth Barlow. He is also 
the author of a painting representing Louis XVI bidding 
farewell to his family in the Temple. He superintended for 
Barlow the printing of the plates for his poem "Colum- 
biad." Finally as painter he executed the first panorama 
known in Paris, which is recalled by the Passage des Pan- 
oramas. 

The second part of Fulton's life which has made his 
reputation (that of inventor) began in Paris; it was here 
that, from the month of December 1797 he addressed to the 
Government of the Directoire propositions concerning his 
inventions of torpedo and of submarine navigation and his 
boat the "Nautilus." The archives of the Ministere de la 
Marine contain numerous letters from him on this subject. 
The profits which he was able to realise from his panorama 
were employed by him in the pursuit of experiments, the 
length of which caused him to be somewhat forgotten. 
Fulton then clung to his former project of applying steam 
to navigation; the Marquis Claude de Jouffroy d'Abbans 
had also attempted it in 1776 on the Doubs, then on the 
Saone at Lyons. 

In 1803 Fulton had a steamboat with wheels made on 
plans which are still preserved at the Musee des Arts et 
Metiers. It is related that the frame, being too weak, gave 
way the first time, and that, the machine having remained 
intact, he repaired his boat in 24 hours with his own hands, 
without returning home. The boat was finished in July, 
and on the 9th August Fulton successfully made a public 
demonstration; the newspapers of the time relate that he 
was helped by three people, and describe in detail his boat 



128 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

which towed two other boats. The numerous spectators 
who crowded along the banks of the Seine compared the 
speed of the boat against the current to that of a foot- 
passenger in a hurry; descending, it naturally seemed to 
them to go much faster. Fulton went up and down the 
Seine four times, from the Convent of the Bonshommes, 
whose site is now occupied by the Trocadero Gardens, to 
about as far as the pump of Chaillot, the site of which is 
now taken by No. 2 of the Quai ; he manoeuvred to right and 
to left with ease, and one of the boats in tow picked up at 
the Quai several members of the Institut, among them 
Carnot, Volney, Prony, etc. 

It is known that Fulton offered his invention to Napoleon 
to invade England, but also that it did not seem capable of 
serving practical purposes. Discouraged, and treated as a 
visionary, Fulton left Paris for England the 29th of April 
1804. The same year the sculptor Houdon exhibited at the 
Salon his bust, now kept in the Louvre, in the Musee de la 
Marine. During his stay in Paris Fulton published his 
"Traite des ameliorations de la navigation sur les canaux," 
in 1779. It is to be regretted that at that time they did 
not follow up his experiments which he took up again in 
the United States with entire success. 

No. 12. — Was inhabited, from 1905 till 1907, by the 
United States Ambassador at Paris, Robert S. Mac- 
Co rmick. 

Toumon (Rue de)— (VI). 

No, 19. — Formerly No. 40. It was in this house on the 
third floor that Paul Jones lived from December 1789, the 
date of his return from Russia ; it was here that, on the 
18th of July 1792, aged 45, he died of a long illness, and 
in a state bordering on poverty; the two windows to the 
right are those of the room in which he died. All the 
gazettes of Paris noticed his death, and devoted some lines 
of praise to the great sailor who had lived at various 
intervals in Paris. 

His first visit dated from 1778 and was short. He had 
come to confer with the American Commissioners on the 
arming of a frigate being built in Holland for Congress. 
During the same year he made a short appearance at Ver- 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 129 

sailles concerning the equipment of a light frigate, and 
was received by the King the 17th of December 1778. 

Paul Jones made a second stay in Paris in April 1780, 
which lasted about three months, and was devoted to regu- 
lating the capture of the English vessels. He was then 
the hero of that memorable day, September 23rd, 1779, 
when, abandoning the "Bonhomme-Richard" riddled with 
bullets, he had become possessed of the English vessel, the 
"Serapis," by an act of great daring. He was received with 
flattering honours by Louis XVI, who offered him a gold 
sword, ornamented with a pompous dedication, and deco- 
rated him with the Cross of Merite Militaire, and at the 
opera he was made the object of public ovations. Houdon 
made a bust of him for the Lodge of Neuf-Sceurs of which 
Jones became a member. 

After returning to America Paul Jones came back to 
Paris the 6th of December 1783, after the signature of the 
Treaty of Versailles, to settle the difficulties which had 
arisen out of the regulating of the captured vessels. He 
was presented to Louis XVI the 20th of December follow- 
ing, in Paris. He left there at the end of 1784 for America, 
whence he passed into the service of Catherine II as Vice- 
Admiral of the Russian Fleet; but he had difficulties with 
the favourite Potemkine, and resigned his post. It was 
then, in December 1789, that he returned to Paris, never 
again to leave it; we have seen that, on the 10th July 1790, 
he accompanied an American delegation to the Assemblee 
Constituante. 

The nth July 1792 his friends offered him, at the Cafe 
Timon, a dinner, at which assisted in particular the Due 
d'Orleans, Carnot, Cambon, Vergniaud, Collot d'Herbois, 
Billaud-Varenne, Kersaint, Barbaroux, Louvet, Gouveneur 
Morris, La Fayette, Colonel Blackden. Soon after Paul 
Jones fell seriously ill, and his friends often found him in 
his little garden, where he passed, in a hammock, the best 
hours of his last days. 

By a deliberation of the 19th July 1792 the Assembly dele- 
gated twelve of its members to represent it at the illustrious 
sailor's funeral. The ceremony, simple but imposing, ac- 
cording to contemporary testimony, took place the 20th of 
July at 8 o'clock in the evening ; the remains of Paul Jones, 



i30 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

enclosed in a lead coffin, were taken from the Rue de 
Tournon to the Cemetery for Foreign Protestants in the 
Rue de l'Hopital Saint-Louis {see Rue Grange-aux-Belles) 
from where they were exhumed in 1905 and taken to 
America. It was of him that Napoleon said, in 1805, after 
Trafalgar: "If he had lived France would have had an 
Admiral." 

No. 33. — Formerly furnished Hotel de Treville, now 
Restaurant Foyot, frequented by many Americans. 

Trocadeo (Palais du)— (XVI). 

lilusce Ethnographique. 

This museum, situated on the ground floor and on the 
first floor, contains a great number of objects relating to 
the different States of the two Americas. 

On the first floor, to the right, in the gallery looking on 
to the Place du Trocadero, are exposed objects of the North- 
west Coast and of California (statuettes, pottery, steel- 
yards, instruments of the Stone Age) and of the United 
States (arms, costumes, harness, indigenous types). (See 
glass cases XXIX to XXXIV.) 

In the second gallery, parallel to the former, plans in 
relief, the gifts of the Smithsonian Institute, and divers 
casts offered by the Due de Loubat. 

On the great staircase, antique American casts offered 
by the Due de Loubat. 

Tuileries (Jardin des) — (I). 

Jefferson had a particular predilection for the Tuileries. 
"In Paris," wrote he the 20th of March 1787, from Nimes to 
the Comtesse de Tesse, "I was violently enamoured of the 
Hotel de Salm, and I was in the habit of going every day 
to the Tuileries to look at it. The woman who hired out 
chairs, inattentive to my passion, was never sufficiently 
obliging to put a chair there for me, so that, seated on the 
parapet and twisting my head so as to be able to see the 
object of my admiration, I generally left there with a crick 
in my neck." 

Universite (Rue de 1')— (VII). 

It was in this street, at the Hotel de Hambourg, that 
Franklin stayed when he arrived in Paris, the 21st of De- 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 131 

cember 1776. He brought with him his two grandsons, 
William Temple Franklin and Benjamin Franklin Bache. 
Silas Deane was waiting for him there; his other assistant, 
Arthur Lee, who was in England, arrived next day. Frank- 
lin remained here a short time only, and accepted at Passy 
the hospitality offered him by M. Leray de Chaumont. 

No. 11. — Inhabited by Walter Gay, who was the pupil of 
Bonnat, and whose pictures : "Las Cigareras" and some Old 
Interiors are in the Musee du Luxembourg. Walter Gay 
has painted many interiors of old hotels and of musees of 
Paris, where he long resided. 

He also lived at 73 Rue Ampere. 

No. 21. — Now hotel of the Due de La Salle de Ro- 
cheinaure. 

Albert Gallatin, United States Minister Plenipotentiary, 
lived about here from 1817 to 1821. 

No. 148. — PamtHeon de la Guerre. 

This panorama, the work of the painters Pierre-Carrier 
Belleuse and Auguste Gorguet, is made up of an immense 
canvas 120 metres round and 15 metres high, and on which 
the personages in the foreground reach a height of 1 metre 
25, and which represents as a whole a panoramic view of 
the front from Dunkerque to Belfort. In the centre is the 
Temple of Glory whose immense staircase is decorated with 
victorious troops; in the foreground are Marshals Joffre 
and Foch. Around this central group may be seen groups 
of the Allied nations arranged about the pylons of the 
hemicycle, particularly the American Army and President 
Wilson. 

No. 82. — Formerly Hotel de Plouville, built in 1753, 
which was the dwelling, from 1830 to 1833, of William C. 
Rives, United States Minister Plenipotentiary. 

Valhubert (Place)— (V) , 

Museum, of Natural History. 

The rich collections of the Museum preserve numerous 
objects coming from the United States; the souvenir of 
several noteworthy Americans likewise clings to it. 

First. — Galeries de Paleontologie. 

Many American savants, drawn to France by the paleonto- 
logical studies of Cuvier, came to work at the Museum, and 



132 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

at the time of the paleontological discoveries in the Rocky 
Mountains sent many original specimens or casts, particu- 
larly Leidy, Cope, and above all Marsh. Exchanges have 
taken place since that time between the paleontological sec- 
tion and the American universities, the American Museum 
of New York, the Smithsonian Institute, etc. 

During these latter years Prof. Henry Fairfield Osborn, 
president of the American Museum of New York, author 
of "The Men of the Old Stone Age," a work based on 
French discoveries, came to work here, as well as several 
savants serving in the American Army since the Armistice. 
(1918) 

In the large gallery is the cast of a skeleton of a Diplodo*- 
cus presented to the Museum by Andrew Carnegie and set 
up, in 1908, by the help of Dr. Holland, director of the 
Carnegie Museum of Pittsburgh. 

Second. — Galeries de Mineralogie et de Geologic 

Near the entrance is a collection of precious stones, some 
in their natural state and some cut, coming from the United 
States. This superb collection, formed by the well known 
expert American mineralogist, George F. Kunz, at the ex- 
pense of Messrs. Tiffany and Company, was shown at the 
Pan-American Exhibition of Buffalo (1901); it was then 
bought by J. Pierpont Morgan and given by him to the 
Natural History Museum in Paris; it has been since then 
kept in touch with American discoveries by J. Pierpont Mor- 
gan and by his son. 

In the glass cases and cupboards around the hall are many 
specimens of minerals from the United States. 

In the centre are aerolites found in the States of Arizona 
and Iowa ; petrified trees from Arizona (gifts of J. Pierpont 
Morgan and Edward Tuck). 

Third. — The collections of botany and of zoology of the 
Museum also contain numerous specimens coming from the 
United States. Two great American naturalists have 
worked in the laboratories of the Museum: Louis Agassiz 
(1807-1873), who founded the Museum of Comparative 
Zoology at Cambridge (Mass.), of which he was the di- 
rector; likewise his son, Alexander Agassiz (1835 ). 

The latter studied at the Paris Museum under the direction 
of his father and of Milne-Edwards ; he was corresponding 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 133 

member of the Academy of Sciences of the Institute of 
France. 

Varenne (Rue de)— (VII). 

This street has been inhabited by a certain number of 
well known personages who have had various relations with 
the United States. 

No. 22. — Hotel de Biron, built in 1775, where dwelt, from 
1827 to 1829, James Brown, United States Minister Pleni- 
potentiary. 

jy 0# 55. — Talleyrand dwelt here when it was the Hotel de 
Monaco and de Valentinois, from 1812 to 1814. 

jV 0# j 2 . — Barbe-Marbois lived here in 1770-1778, when he 
was tutor of the Marechal de Castries. 

jVo. 75. — Formerly Hotel de Broglie, built in 1775, in 
which General Pershing lived for some time, on his arrival 
in Paris, in June 19 17. 

No 77.— Hotel de Biron, built from 1728 to 1731 ; it was 
in this superb dwelling that the great sculptor Rodin had 
his studio, and that he worked at the bust of France which 
the Champlain Mission erected at Crow Point, on the bank 
of Lake Champlain, and at the frontier of the United 
States and Canada, to commemorate the 300th anniversary 
of the celebrated explorer. 

Vaugirard (Rue de)— (VI). 

jVo. 1.— Was inhabited, from 1808 to 1810, by General 
John Armstrong, United States Minister Plenipotentiary. 

No. 15. — Luxembourg {Palais du). 

Thomas Paine, arrested the 27th of December 1793, was 
incarcerated in the Luxembourg prison, where some for- 
eigners and a certain number of nobles, among them the 
wife of the Marechal de Noailles, mother of Mme. de La 
Fayette, were Imprisoned. He was there, in particular, 
with some English people among whom, by a curious coinci- 
dence was General O'Hara, who at Yorktown had so 
severely wounded American feeling by offering to give up 
the sword of Cornwallis to Rochambeau instead of to Wash- 
ington. When Paine became ill the two doctors accom- 
panying O'Hara cared for him devotedly. Paine, it is said, 



134. AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

escaped death through a mistake ; they had marked with 
chalk the doors of those prisoners intended for execution ; 
his was open when they passed to mark it, and the mark 
was made on the inside of the door; Paine shut it shortly 
after; the mark being inside was not seen, and Paine was 
not called among the condemned prisoners. 

It is also related that, learning one day that they were 
going to search the prisoners so as to take away their 
money, Paine undid the lock of his door and there hid the 
money he had on him. From his cell, which was separated 
from the others and was situated at one of the extreme ends 
of the building, he kept up a constant correspondence with 
an unknown person in whom he afterwards recognised the 
wife of a friend, an English banker, Sir Robert Smyth. 

Danton, imprisoned in the Luxembourg at the beginning 
of April 1794, there met Paine and said to him in English: 
"What you have done for the welfare and the liberty of 
your country I have in vain tried to do for mine; I have 
been less fortunate, but not more guilty." 

The Americans of Paris interested themselves in the fate 
of Paine, but unsuccessfully. Gouveneur Morris, United 
States Minister, did not like him, and made no demand in 
his favour. It was Monroe who obtained his release as an 
American citizen. 

At the time of the Directory, Barras, who had made the 
American campaign in the squadron of Suffren, was living 
as Directeur at the Luxembourg where he occupied the 
Gallery formerly called "de Rubens." 

On Monday the 20th of January 1919, a lunch was offered 
by the Senate to President Wilson, in the hall called "des 
Conferences" deservedly famous for the richness of its 
decoration. This hall, in its present state, dates only from 
the Second Empire ; it was built in 1854 to serve as the 
Salle du Trone. With President Wilson were invited to this 
lunch Messrs. Henry White, George Barnes, Herbert 
Hoover, Robert Lansing, General Pershing, General Bliss, 
Colonel House, Andre Tardieu, Ambassador Jusserand, etc. 
'M. Antonin Dubost, President of the Senate, addressed a 
speech to President Wilson, who answered him. 

Luxembourg (Musee du). 

No. 19. — The Musee du Luxembourg comprises a rather 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 135 

important section reserved to the American School, which 
is there represented by the following artists : 

I. Painting 
John W. Alexander— The Lady in Grey. 
Manuel Barthold — Two Friends. 
Max Bohm — Golden Hours. 
Mrs. Romaine Brooks— Gabrielle d'Annunzio. 
Mrs. Romaine Brooks — On the Seaside. 
William Dannat — Lady in Red. 
William Dannat— Aragonese Smugglers. 
Leon Dalbot— Moore Park. 
Ben Foster— Lulled h# the Murmuring Stream. 
Frederic Friescke — Before the Looking-Glass. 
Walter Gay— Blue and White. 
Walter Gay— The Medallions. 
Walter Gay — Interior. 
Walter Gay— The Cigar-Makers at Seville. 
Walter Gay — Interior. 
Henry H. Gallison — Landscape. 
Grace Gassette — The Dining-Room. 
John Mac Lure Hamilton — Gladstone. 
Alexander Harrison — Arcadia. 
Alexander Harrison — Solitude. 
Alexander Harrison — Sunlight on the Sea. 
Robert Henri — The Snow. 
Winslow Homer — Summer Night. 
William Horton— Good Friday at Seville. 
William Horton— Winter evening at Pontarlier. 
John Humphreys Johnstone— Portrait of His Mother. 
John Humphreys Johnstone — Nocturnal. 
Aston Knight — Wharfe River. 

Harry B. Lachman— St. Nicolas of Chardonnet Church. 
Harry B. Lachman — Uzerches. 
Walter MacEwen — Sunday in Holland. 
Gari Melchers — Motherhood. 
Gari Melchers — The Grove. 
Henry Mosler — The Return. 
Robert MacCameron — The Slums of London. 
Richard Miller — Old Misses. 
Richard Miller— The Cup of Tea. 



136 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Richard Miller— The Toilet. 

Raymond Neilson — The Black Hat. 

Elizabeth Nourse — The Closed Shutters. 

Orville H. Peets — Grey and Blue. 

William Picknell — Morning, Mediterranean Coast. 

Edward Redfield — Canal in Winter. 

Grace Ravlin — Arabian Women at Cemetery. 

Ernest I. Rosen — Delight. 

John Sargent — Carmencita. 

John Sargent — Mrs. Catherine Moore. 

John Sargent — M. de Fourcand. 

William Sartain — Head of an Oriental Negro. 

Henry Tanner — Lazarus' Resurrection. 

Henry Tanner — Emmaus Pilgrims. 

Lionel Walden — Cardiff's Docks. 

Edwin Weeks — Coffee-House in Persia. 

Alden Weir — Portrait of a Woman. 

James McNeill Whistler — Portrait of His Mother. 

James McNeill Whistler — The Man with the Pipe. 

2. Pastels and water-colours. 

Frank M. Boggs — The Cathedral of Rheims. 

Mary Cassatt — Mother and Child. 

John La Farge — A Glass Fragment. 

John La Farge — Jesus and the Samaritan Woman. 

3. Sculpture. 

Andrew O'Connor — Commodore John Barry. 
Andrew O'Connor — M. Tuck. 
Malvina Hoffman — Dancers. 
Frederick MacMonnies — Bacchante. 
Augustus Saint Gaudens — Amor Caritas. 
Augustus Saint Gaudens — A Frame of Medals. 

In October-November 1919 the Musee du Luxembourg 
organised an exhibition not only of the above mentioned 
collection belonging to it, but also of works of an important 
number of American artists ; nearly two hundred painters 
and sculptors were represented there, many having studied 
at the Ecole des Beaux -Arts or having worked in Paris. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 137 

Jardins du Luxembourg. 

In the Gardens has been placed a bronze group, the 
Dancers, the work of the American artist Malvina Hoff- 
man, presented to France by Henry Dalton of Cleveland 
(Ohio). 

No. 50. — It was here that Joel Barlow lived for many 
years, probably from 1797 until at least 1804; Fulton 
stayed with him for the whole of this period. Recom- 
mended by Washington to La Fayette as a "genius of the 
first magnitude," and to Rochambeau as "the author of an 
admirable poem" (La Vision de Colomb, in which an angel 
announces to the navigator the future of the New World, 
and shows him Washington and Rochambeau). Joel Bar- 
low arrived in Paris in 1788 as agent for the Ohio Company. 
In 1792, he may be seen addressing to the Convention Na- 
tionale an open letter entreating it to abolish Royal power; 
he himself presented to the Assembly an address from the 
English Republicans. The 17th of February 1793 the Con- 
vention accorded him the title of French citizen, which fact 
appears not to have been known in America ; he was even 
properly naturalised French ; it seems that he was alone in 
enjoying at the same time the privileges of citizenship in the 
two countries. 

Barlow accompanied Abbe Gregoire, the celebrated Con- 
ventionalist, on a mission to Savoy. Then he settled for 
three years in Paris, speculating in the assignats, and atten- 
tively watching all the political movements of the time until 
his nomination as American Consul at Algiers and at Trip- 
oli. He returned in 1797 to Paris, where he busied himself 
again in commercial speculations, and where he published 
in 1800 a pamphlet on the commercial system of the United 
States respecting England and France. Returning to 
America, he was made in 181 1 Minister Plenipotentiary to 
France. In October 1812, as he was going to Napoleon I, 
then in Russia, he fell ill en route and died in a Polish 
village near Cracow. 

During his stay in Paris he had his bust made by Houdon ; 
this marble figured in the Salon of 1804. 

No. 70. — Convent des Carmes, founded in 1610, which 
served as a prison during the Revolution. It was there that 
was imprisoned, during the Terror, General Alexandre de 



138 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Beauharnais who had made the American Campaign under 
the orders of Rochambeau, then a successor to Custine with 
the Army of the Rhine. He had been accused of not hav- 
ing saved Mayence. With him was Josephine de Beauhar- 
nais, his wife, who took as second husband Napoleon I. 

Vavin (Rue)— (VI). 

No. 40. — Was for long inhabited by the sculptor A. 
Bartholdi. 

Vendome (Place) — {I). 

Nos. 3 and 5. — Hotel Bristol at which J. Pierpont Morgan 
always stayed. 

No. 14. — Morgan, Harjes and Co. 

This firm has been established since 1868 in Paris, where 
it was first at 3 Rue Scribe under the business name of 
Drexel, Harjes and Co. In 1873 its offices were trans- 
ferred to 31 Boulevard Haussmann, and its business name 
became Morgan, Harjes and Co., in 1895. Since the 31st 
March 1919 the bank has been settled in this splendid hotel 
of the Place Vendome, built during the early years of the 
XVIIIth Century by Jean Masneuf, whose name covered the 
association of six financiers, contractors of the Place. 

No. 15. — It was in this hotel, now the Hotel Ritz, that 
the Due de Lauzun, who there lived in an apartment, wrote 
his interesting "Memoirs," where he relates in detail his 
participation in the War of Independence. 

No. 16. — In this hotel which belonged to the financier 
Bouret, the famous Mesmer, who made some experiments 
before a commission of which Franklin was one, attracted 
all Paris around his magic trough between 1778 and 1784; 
he himself lodged in the Rue Jean- Jacques Rousseau, at the 
Hotel Bullion and possessed a pied-a-terre at Vaugirard. 
Franklin, who believed only what he could see, saw only 
folly in magnetism and somnambulism, but a folly which 
brought much money to Mesmer and his disciples. 

No. 17. — This hotel, the oldest in the Place, was built 
in 1703 by Bullet for the celebrated financier Antoine 
Crozat, Marquis du Chatel (1655-1738), who had obtained 
in 17 1 2 the privilege of trading with Louisiana, but, seeing" 
the small benefits obtained, renounced it in 1717/ tne 
privilege was then granted to Law. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 139 

Nos. 21-2$. — John Law of Lauriston (1671-1729), the 
famous financier, who had obtained the privilege of trading 
with Louisiana and Mississippi, and who founded the 
Compagnie des Indes Occidentales, lived in the hotel num- 
bered 21 and 23. This hotel had been built by the architect 
Pierre Bullet, on ground which he had reserved for him- 
self; it then became the property of M. de Boullongne, 
director of the Orders of the King and later Controller- 
General, who resold it to Law. The latter also acquired 
in 1 718 the ground now occupied by the numbers 3 and 5, 
and in 1720, resold the unfinished hotel to the Marquis de 
Coetlogon. The Place Vendome was, at this latter date, for 
several months the meeting-place of stock-jobbers of Law's 
Bank, who had been banished from the Rue Quincampoix. 

Viarmes (Rue de) — (I). 

This circular street surrounds the Bourse du Commerce 
which replaced in 1889 the old Halle aux Bles, built in 1768 
by M. de Viarmes, Provost of Merchants. 

The Hotel de Soissons occupied formerly the site on 
which now stands the Bourse du Commerce. The Prince 
de Carignan, who was its owner in 1720, established at that 
date on the unoccupied ground seven or eight hundred little 
sheds which he let to the stock-jobbers driven by Law from 
the Rue Quincampoix. 

It was at this place, in the old Halle aux Bles, that, on 
the 14th December 1783, was given a large popular ball in 
order to celebrate the Peace of Versailles, for which the 
whole of Paris was illuminated ; enormous structures with 
25 porticos, measuring not less than 300 feet in circum- 
ference and 100 in height, were magnificently decorated for 
the occasion. 

It was here also that, the 21st of July 1790, the Commune 
of Paris organised a public ceremony in honour of Benjamin 
Franklin, whose death had been announced to the National 
Assembly by La Fayette the nth of June. The latter 
assisted at the ceremony which was the occasion of an 
ovation for him and in the course of which Abbe Fauchet, 
Member of the Assembly, pronounced the funeral eulogy 
of the "sage of Philadelphia" in the hall hung with black 
draperies and in the presence of an important assistance. 



140 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Victoire (Rue de la)— ,(IX). 

No. 44. — Today a Synagogue occupies the site of a hotel 
which was the seat of the United States Legation from 
1834 to 1837. 

Two United States Ministers Plenipotentiary have lived 
here: Edward Livingston, from 1834 to 1836, and General 
Lewis Cass in 1837. 

No. 46. — Site of the former Salle Herz where, at the end 
of 1865, the Brothers Davenport, celebrated mediums, born 
in Buffalo in the United States, made several public demon- 
strations. 

No. 58. — Formerly Hotel d'Argenson, which later be- 
longed to the Marechal Alexandre Berthier (1753-1815), 
Prince de Wagram. He and his younger brother, Cesar- 
Gabriel, took part in the American War. The story of 
their embarkation for the United States well proves the 
ardour of all the young officers of that time to take part 
in the War of Independence ; Rochambeau's fleet was al- 
ready off Brest when it was joined by a cutter bringing 
to the General the last letters of the Minister; upon this 
boat were the two sons of the Governor of the Hotel de la 
Guerre, who begged to be taken. It was impossible, and 
they had to be sent back ashore ; they managed, however, 
shortly after to join the French Army in America, from 
whence the future Marechal returned with the rank of 
Colonel. Cesar-Gabriel Berthier, who drew very well, fur- 
nished to the celebrated miniaturist Van Blarenberghe the 
typographical information necessary to the execution of two 
water colours made by this artist representing one, the tak- 
ing by assault of the redoubts of Yorktown, the other the 
surrender of its garrison ; these two water-colours, intended 
originally for the study of Louis XVI at Versailles, are 
now preserved at the Chateau de Versailles. (Salle 138.) 

Victoires (Place des) — (II). 

Nos. 2 and 4. — Law lived for some time on the site 
of the Nos. 2 and 4 ; his offices were installed in the build- 
ings looking on to the Place between the Rue La Feuillade 
and the Rue Catinat. After the closing of the Rue Quin- 
campoix, in March 1720, the stock-jobbers met for some 
time at the Place des Victoires. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 141 

Vicille-du-Temple (Rue)— (IV). 

iVo. 47. — Hotel called des Ambassadeurs de Hollande, 
hired by Beaumarchais in 1776. 

Before the official Alliance between France and the United 
States (1778) Franklin and the other commissioners ob- 
tained non-official support from the government of Louis 
XVI. To relieve the French ministry (which must needs 
have regard for England) of the responsibility of furnish- 
ing arms and equipment to the United States, a large busi- 
ness firm was established in the Rue du Temple, under the 
name of Hortalez, Roderigue & Co., which transacted all 
such affairs. He whom the Baron de Goltz, Prussian Am- 
bassador to Paris, called the "gargon-major of Franklin," A. 
Caron de Beaumarchais, the author of the "Barbier de Se- 
ville," and of the "Mariage de Figaro," a business man also 
and occasionally a financier, directed it. By means of him 
they advanced to the American agents first one million livres, 
and then another to pay for the cannons, guns, munitions 
and equipments which the Comte de Saint-Germain, Min- 
ister of War, would only allow to go out of the arsenals 
when paid for. Did the court of London protest against 
these consignments ? The Comte de Vergennes, Minister of 
Foreign Affairs, replied that Silas Deane was a customer 
come to France on business and one whom they could not 
expel ; that the munitions of war sent to the Insurgents were 
the consignment of agents and had to do with the business of 
the house of Hortalez. In June 1776 Vergennes had had 
delivered to Beaumarchais for the United States a first sum 
of two millions and the arsenals placed at the disposition 
of the firm of Hortalez, 200 pieces of cannon, 200,000 guns 
and 25,000 uniforms; but, officially, on the 15th July he 
promised the Cabinet of St. James to remain faithful to the 
treaties. The assistance of Beaumarchais was at that time 
most efficacious, not only to Franklin and the other Com- 
missioners, but to the entire cause of the United States to 
which he won over public opinion. 

It is interesting to recollect, concerning the house of 
Hortalez, that it was on board one of their vessels, the 
Comte de Vergennes, that embarked for the United States, 
in 1777, a young officer, aged twenty-three, Lieutenant in 
the French Colonial troops, who was one of the first to 



in AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

become fired with enthusiasm for the cause of Independence, 
Pierre Charles L'Enfant (1754-1825), who served first as 
a volunteer at his own expense, was seriously wounded at 
Savannah, and received the rank of Major of Engineers in 
1783. In the course of a journey in France he employed 
himself in ordering the insignia of the Cincinnati Society 
and of organising its French branch. He returned definitely 
in 1784 to the United States, and rebuilt at New York the 
old City Hall, in which has been preserved part of the 
cast-iron balustrade on which Washington must have leaned 
when he took the oath. His greatest achievement is having 
chosen the site and drawn the plan of the City of Washing- 
ton, a work which was confided to him by the President, 
after the definitive vote of Congress, the 16th July 1790. 
His headstrong temper caused him to retire from this post 
in 1792; he then busied himself with various architectural 
works, and died near Washington in 1825. The United 
States erected, 22nd May 191 1, in the Cemetery of Arling- 
ton a commemorative monument, the work of W. W. 
Bosworth. 

Ville l'Eveque (Rue de la)— (VIII). 

In 1851-1852 the United States Minister, W. C. Rives, 
lived at No. 30 (formerly) ; the Legation was then at the 
Rue de Penthievre. 

Villejust (Rue de)— (XVI). 

No. jj. — Was inhabited, from 1897 to 1904, by General 
Horace Porter, United States Ambassador to Paris. 

Villiers (Avenue de)— (XVII). 

No. 45. — Inhabited by W. T. Dannas, president of the 
Paris Society of American Painters. This society, founded 
in 1897, rias f° r ^s end the organisation of exhibitions of 
the works of American artists in Europe, and to permit 
American painters to participate in all the great art exhi- 
bitions. It comprises as active members, and in unlimited 
numbers, American painters residing in France ; as corre- 
sponding members, a certain number of American painters 
living out of France ; as honorary members, a limited num- 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 143 

ber of American painters or people of note living in France 
or elsewhere. 

Vintimille (Rue de)— (IX). 

No. 24. — The Place de Vintimille and the Square Berlioz 
occupy the site of the garden of the Pavilion built before 
the Revolution by the architect Carpentier, for the Farmer 
General de La Bouxiere; the trees of the Place are the re- 
mains of an immense park, and the grass plot of the Square 
is on the spot where a pond used tO' be. 

It was in this Pavilion that James Monroe, Minister 
Plenipotentiary of the United States, lived in 1796 and in 
1797. The Pavilion then had its chief entrance in the Rue 
de Clichy. 

Vivienne (Rue) — (II) 

In 1720, on the eve of Law's bankruptcy, the sharehold- 
ers of the Compagnie des Indes there crowded to the doors 
of the Bank. 

Legend has it that, in the Rue Vivienne, near the Biblio- 
theque Royale, lived Aimee-Adele de Thelisson, natural 
daughter of Louis XV and of Mile, de Tiercelin, whom Paul 
Jones is said to have married. It is related that the marriage 
is supposed to have taken place at night, but no proof of 
it has been found ; it is only certain that Jones, who often 
wrote to her, made her a gift of a third of his fortune and 
granted her an income. 

Volney (Rue)— (II). 

So called in memory of the Comte de Volney (1757- 
1820), traveller and man of learning who made a voyage 
to the United States in 1795. He had already previously 
proposed to acclimatise American vegetables in Corsica, in 
a domain which he had bought and which he called his 
Petites-Indes. He published in 1803 a "Tableau du Climat 
et du Sol des Etats-Unis d'Amerique." 

Voltaire (Quai)— (VII). 

The Marquis de Chastellux lived here shortly after his 
return from America, from 1785 to 1788, the date of his 



144 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

death. He here wrote his "Discours sur les avantages de la 
decouverte de l'Amerique" and his "Voyages dans l'Ameri- 
que Septentrionale." 

No. 2. — Hotel du Marechal de Tesse (1775), in which 
Mme. de La Fayette died in 1807. 

Arrested the 12th of November 1794 at the Chateau de 
Chavaniac, Mme. de La Fayette was tranferred first to 
Brioude, then to Paris, where she was confined in various 
prisons, first at the College du Plessis, Rue Saint-Jacques, 
where her husband had begun his studies, then, after the 9th 
Thermidor, to the Rue des Amandiers, now Rue du Chemin- 
Vert, and finally at Rue Notre-Dame-des-Champs in the 
iDelmas Asylum. She was at length freed in January 1795, 
thanks to the repeated efforts of Gouveneur Morris, who 
lasked and obtained her release, not in the capacity of the 
United States Minister, but as an American citizen ; he lent 
her 4,000 francs when she left prison. 

No. 1/. — C. Fulwar Skipwith, United States Consul to 
Paris, dwelt here in 1796 and 1797; it is probable that he 
was still living here in 1801. 

No. 2/. — Hotel de Villette, inhabited by Voltaire first in 
1728, then in February 1778; he there occupied the first 
floor. The hotel has been raised a floor and the interior 
altered. The salon to which all Paris then thronged has not 
been changed except for the ceiling which dates from the 
time of Louis Philippe. 

It is there that the "old fellow/' as Franklin called him- 
self in his letters, had himself presented to Voltaire, aged 
84 years, who had just returned to Paris after an exile of 
twenty-seven years. The American envoys asked to salute 
him ; they found him in bed, weak, with eyes from which 
all life seemed to have gone. On seeing them enter, Vol- 
taire raised himself and recited some lines of Thomson's 
Ode to Liberty. 

"There, in the South, beneath a beneficial sky, are fortu- 
nate colonies, the calm retreat of unmerited poverty, the 
refuge of those driven by bigots from foreign shores. 
They are not founded on rapine, servitude and sorrow, to 
become one day the prey of some miserable tryant; no, 
they stand strong and united among themselves by 
Liberty." 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 145 

Voltaire then began to speak in English with Franklin. 
Mme. Denis, his niece, begged him to speak in French so 
that the company might understand them. "I beg your 
pardon," said Voltaire, "I yielded to the vanity of showing 
that I could speak the language of a Franklin." The latter 
presented his grandson to him. Voltaire spread his hands 
over the young man's head, and said to him, "My child, re- 
member these two words, 'God and Liberty'." 

It was in this very room that Voltaire died, 30th May 
1778. 

Vosges (Place des) — (IV). 

No. 6. — Musee Victor Hugo. Former Hotel Arnauld, 
built in 1605, in which Victor Hugo lived from 1833 to 
1848. The Museum, specially reserved for souvenirs of 
Victor Hugo, contains a curious drawing by the great poet 
concerning John Brown, the Virginian patriot. In 1859, 
when he learned of the arrest and the preparations for 
judging the latter who had taken in hand the cause of the 
negro slaves and urged them to revolt, Victor Hugo heard 
with emotion that he was to be hanged the 2nd December, 
the anniversary of the coup d'etat of Napoleon III. Strong 
in his world-wide authority, the poet addressed to the United 
States a letter in which he prophesied the War of Secession. 
He, on that occasion, executed a drawing representing the 
form of a man who has been hanged, lighted by a pale 
ray on the dark background of the night. 

Washington (Rue)— (VIII). 

Opened in 1788, this street was first called Rue Neuve de 
1'Oratoire; then in 1806, Rue de l'Oratoire du Roule; then 
in 1854, Rue Baillault. It received its present name in 1879. 



VERSAILLES 

Chateau de Versailles. 

i. Salle 12. 

Salle de l'lndependance des Etats-Unis. In the centre: 
replica of the Statue of Washington by Houdon, offered 
by the State of Virginia, in 1910; Senator P. Halsey, the 
Virginian delegate, pronounced a speech of inauguration. 

To the right : bust of La Fayette by Houdon (marble) ; 
portrait of Rochambeau, by Lariviere ; battle of the Ambush 
against the Boston in sight of New York (30th July 1783), 
by Gudin ; portraits of Generals Knox and Nathanael Greene 
and of Admiral Paul Jones, by Healy ; portrait of Admiral 
de Grasse, by Mauzaisse; portrait of La Fayette, after 
Court. 

At the bottom : portrait of Louis XVI, by Duplessis ; 
capture of the He de la Grenade (4th July 1779) and naval 
battle of the He de la Grenade (6th July 1779), by Hue; 
portrait of the Comte de Vergennes, anonymous. 

To the left: portrait of George Washington by Charles 
Wilson Peale. Prise des iles Saint-Christophe et Nevis 
(13th February 1784), by the Marquis de Rossel. Portraits 
of John Marshall, of John Hancock and of Dr. Warren by 
Healy. Portraits of Admiral d'Estaing, by Pierre Franque, 
and of Vice-Admiral de Suffren, by Latil. Combat naval 
devant la Chesapeake (3rd September 1781), by Gudin. 
Portraits of John Jay, of Benjamin Franklin and of Alex- 
ander Hamilton, by Healy. Portraits of the Due de Lau- 
zun, by Court, and of the Comte du Chauffault, anony- 
mous. Bust of Franklin, by Houdon (plaster). 

Between the two windows : portrait of J. F. du Cheyron, 
anonymous. Bust of Washington, by Houdon (marble). 

3. Salle 125. 

Salon des Ambassadeurs. 

It was in this salon, called also the Cabinet du Conseil, 
that Louis XV and Louis XVI worked with the Ministers, 
received Ambassadors, and gave audiences. 

146 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 147 

Louis XVI there received, March 20th, 1778, Benjamin 
Franklin, Silas Deane, William Lee, Arthur Lee, and Ralph 
Izard, who, from that day onward, took rank openly at 
Court as envoys from the United States. It was the official 
recognition of the Treaty of Alliance which had been signed 
the previous 6th of February between the two nations, and 
secret negotiations, news of which had been brought by the 
Comte de Provence, direct from the Conseil du Roi to the 
Queens ball, where on the night of the 20th to 21st January 
it actually interrupted the dancing. 

This presentation of the American Commissioners to the 
King made a great noise: all the Americans in Paris 
had been convoked to Versailles and accompanied Franklin 
to the Chateau. It was a triumph for the latter; his 
venerable face, his white hair without powder, his plain 
coat of brown cloth and his round hat gained for him the 
sympathy of a crowd, for whom applauding the repre- 
sentative of Republican America was already a manner of 
protesting in favour of French liberty. According to a 
tradition which does not seem very certain, Franklin, in 
obedience to etiquette, had at first resigned himself to the 
idea of wearing a wig for this ceremony; this head-dress, 
of which he had lost the habit, was brought to him, but, 
despite all his skill, the hair-dresser could not fix the wig 
on Franklin's head. "This wig is too narrow," said Frank- 
lin. "No, sir," said the artist, "this wig is perfect ; it is your 
head which is too big." 

An American newspaper of the time, the New York 
Journal of the 6th July 1778, states that once in the presence 
of Louis XVI Franklin, who saw in the Alliance of France 
the saving of his country, burst into tears. The Comte de 
Vergennes, Minister of Foreign Affairs, at once presented 
him with his colleagues to the King, who said to them: 
"Assure Congress of my friendship; I hope that all this 
will be for the good of the two nations. I may add that 
for myself I am exceedingly satisfied with your conduct 
since you have been in my Kingdom." Franklin, bowing, 
answered, "Your Majesty may rely on the gratitude of 
Congress, and on its fidelity in the engagements which it 
undertakes." 

On going out from the Royal audience, Franklin and the 



148 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

other Commissioners went to the Rue de la Pompe to the 
Hotel de Noailles, there to greet Mme. de La Fayette. 

Franklin has himself recounted how he was again re- 
ceived in May 1779 by the King, to whom he presented his 
new credentials as Minister Plenipotentiary, M have placed 
the letter from Congress (of the 28th October 1778) in the 
very hands of His Majesty, who expressed his satisfaction 
in a most gracious manner. Since then I have been every 
Tuesday to the (King's) levee with the other Ministers of 
His Majesty." 

2. Salle 116. 

Salon de la Reine. 

The evening of the 20th March 1778 the American Com- 
missioners were invited to assist at the "jeu" of the Queen; 
Marie Antoinette had Franklin placed beside her, and, while 
playing, lost no occasion of talking with him. 

4. Salle 138. 

To the right; two water-colours of the famous minia- 
turist Van Blarenberghe, representing the siege of York- 
town (No. 2264) and the surrender of the garrison of 
Yorktown, between the French and American Armies (No. 
2265). These two water-colours were presented in June 
1785 to the King to be put in his study ; they were executed 
by their author with the help of a drawing taken during the 
siege by Cesar-Gabriel Berthier, the younger brother of the 
future Prince de Wagram. The two young Berthiers took 
part, as a matter of fact, in the American Campaign ; they 
were the sons of Jean Baptiste Berthier, on whose plans 
had been built the Hotel des Affaires Etrangeres (1761- 
1763) in which was signed the Treaty of Versailles of 
1783. 

Galerie des Glaces. 

The Treaty of Versailles, which put an end to the War 
of 1914-1918, was signed in this Gallery, the 28th June 1919. 
Those who signed for the United States were: President 
Wilson, Robert Lansing, Henry White, Edward House and 
General Bliss. 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 149 

Gambetta (Rue). 

During the reign of Louis XVI it was Rue de la Sous- 
Intendance. 

No. j. — Formerly Hotel de Guerre, where was installed 
the Ministere de la Guerre during the American War, and 
where Rochambeau came at the beginning of March 1780 
to get the King's orders to receive the command of the 
troops sent to the aid of the United States. 

No. 5. — Formerly Hotel des Affaires Etrangeres, built 
from 1761 to 1763 at the command of the Due de Choiseul 
and from the plans of Jean Baptiste Berthier, the father of 
the Marechal who first bore arms during the War of Inde- 
pendence; this hotel comprised also, under Louis XVI, the 
offices of the Marine. It is now the Library of the city of 
Versailles (open every day from 12 to 5 o'clock, Sundays 
from 12 to 4 only). 

The five consecutive halls which then formed the princi- 
pal part, reserved for the Affaires Etrangeres, have kept 
their magnificent decoration of the Louis XV epoch, and 
above the doors, ornamented with fine wood-carving, are 
paintings by Van Blarenberghe, representing views of the 
principal European capitals. The middle hall, the largest, 
bore the name of Salle de France or des Traites. It was 
likewise in this hall that were signed, the 3rd September 
1783, the three diplomatic instruments known under the 
general name of Traite de Versailles. Already, the 28th 
December 1776, the American Commissioners had been 
received by the Comte de Vergennes at the Hotel des 
Affaires Etrangeres. 

During the morning of the 3rd September 1783, Sir David 
Hartley, member of the British Parliament, on the one side, 
and John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and John Jay, Min- 
isters, respectively, of the United States to Holland, to 
Versailles, and to Madrid on the other side, had put their 
signatures to an act by which the Government of George 
III recognised the Independence of the thirteen united 
states. 

A little later the Plenipotentiaries of the Powers met 
again in the Salle des Traites, and signed, with the usual 
ceremonies, a double Peace Treaty, the first between France 
and Great Britain, the second between the latter and Spain. 



150 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Eleven persons, the places of whom may still be seen on the 
pavement near the windows, surrounding the large marble 
table of this hall: the Comte de Vendergennes, Minister for 
Foreign Affairs, assisted by the Vicomte de Vergennes, 
his son, and by M. de Rayneval, brother of the negotiator 
of the Franco-American alliance of 1778; the Comte 
d'Aranda, Ambassador of Charles III of Spain, accom- 
panied by the Chevalier de Heredia ; the Duke of Man- 
chester, Ambassador from the King of Great Britain ; the 
Comte de Mercy, Ambassador of Austria, and his secretary ; 
the Prince Bariatinsky, Russian Ambassador, seconded by 
M. Arcadi de Markoff, Minister Plenipotentiary, and by a 
secretary. The representatives of Joseph II and of Cath- 
erine II acted as mediators. 

In the evening M. de Vergennes reunited these diplomats 
at a dinner at which thirty-one sat down, and at which 
also assisted the United States Ministers and those of the 
States-General of Holland. 

On the mantelpiece of the Salle des Traites a clock, a 
marvel of the art of clock-making, commemorates the event 
of the 3rd September. Above the mirror a modern copy 
of the portrait of the Comte de Vergennes which is to be 
found at the Chateau de Versailles, has replaced the por- 
trait of Louis XV which was probably there formerly. 

Over the doors of the Salle des Traites are paintings 
by Van Blarenberghe representing, to the right, a view of 
Madrid, and to the left a view of Naples. 

Notre-Dame (Eglise). 

This church, built by Mansart in 1684, contains, in the 
second chapel on the left on entering, the cenotaph of the 
Comte de Vergennes, Minister of Foreign Affairs under 
Louis XVI, whose role was most important in the negotia- 
tions which ended in the Treaty of Alliance of 1778 and in 
those of the Peace Treaty of 1783. This monument, 
executed in 1788 by the sculptor Blaise, was placed here 
only in 1818. 

Mademoiselle (Rue). 

No. 1_. — It was in a simple room of this house that Wash- 
burne, United States Ambassador at Paris, established the 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 151 

American Legation in 1871, during the Commune. But he 
himself lived in Paris, where he rendered the greatest serv- 
ices to his compatriots. 

Pompe (Rue de la). 

No. 1. — Formerly Hotel de Noailles, where Mme. de La 
Fayette passed a part of her youth, and where the Ameri- 
can Commissioners came to salute her, the 20th March 1778, 
after having been presented to the King. It was in a room 
on the first floor that La Fayette on the momentous night 
of the 5th to 6th October 1789 came to take a few moments' 
rest; during his absence the crowd invaded the Chateau, 
and, in spite of the efforts which La Fayette then made, 
brought the Royal family to Paris. 

Potager (Rue du). 

No. 1. — House built on a part of the Hotel des Inspecteurs 
des Batiments, in which was born, the 20th March 1741, the 
celebrated sculptor J. A. Houdon, author of the statue of 
Washington, and of the busts of Franklin, Paul Jones, 
Fulton, Joel Barlow. 

In the spring of 1796 Thomas Paine retired to Versailles 
there to recover his health; it is not known what part of 
the city he then inhabited. 

Reine (Boulevard de la). 

Trianon-Palace-Hotel. 

The remitting of the conditions of the Peace Treaty to 
the German delegates took place the 7th May 1919, in the 
dining-room of the hotel. The United States delegates who 
assisted at this ceremony were: President Wilson, Robert 
Lansing, Henry White, Edward House, General Bliss. 



SUBURBS OF PARIS 

BELLEVUE (Seine et Oise) 

The Pavillion of Bellevue, situated between the station 
and the Funiculaire station, formerly the hotel of the 
Compagnie Internationale des Wagons Lits, which was 
occupied shortly before 1914 by the Dancing School of 
Isadora Duncan, was used as an American Hospital during 
the early years of the war. It was chosen at the beginning 
of 1919 by Mr. Whitney Warren and Mr. Hellmann, dele- 
gates from the Government of the United States, to serve 
as a Temporary School of Fine Arts (American Expedi- 
tionary Force Art Training Centre) for soldiers and officers 
of the American Army pursuing artistic careers. During the 
opening of this school, from March to June 1919, about 
350 American students more or less benefited by its teach- 
ing, directed by a distinguished staff of American and 
French professors. Lectures on the History of French 
Art, and practical seances alternated with visits to monu- 
ments, to private collections, to museums, to Paris and a 
very extended radius around the capital. 

MONT-VALERIEN 
Near Suresnes, at Mont Valerien, lies an American 
Cemetery, where rest about 1,100 soldiers of the United 
States. The 29th May 1919, Memorial Day was celebrated 
there with particular solemnity; President Wilson assisted, 
and, after reading a message from M. Georges Clemenceau, 
pronounced a discourse. 

NEUILLY-SUR-MARNE ( Seine-et-Oise) 
The School of Professional Re-education of the White 
House, at Neuilly-sur-Marne, founded the 24th July 1916 
by 'TUnion des Colonies Etrangeres en France en faveur 
des victimes de la guerre," was entirely kept up at the 
expense of Mr. Edward T. Stotesbury of Philadelphia, 

15 2 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 153 

whose liberality for this work has reached nearly a million 
francs. This school, which came to an end the 31st October 
1919 after an existence of more than three years, consecrated 
to the professional re-education of more than 3,000 men 
amputated through the war, was directed since its creation 
by Doctor Hubert Kresser, with the assistance of M. 
Louis Asscher, vice-president of the Union, delegated by the 
Council of Administration, and by Mr. Walter Berry, its 
president. 

NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (Seine) 
Inkermann (Boulevard d'). 

Lycee Pasteur. 

The buildings of the Lycee Pasteur, which were just com- 
pleted when war was declared, were, from the end of August 
1914, utilised by the American Ambulance (Hospital No. 2 
bis.), the first in date of the War Hospitals given to France. 
Its name calls to mind the American War Ambulance of 
1870. This present hospital, admirably arranged, included 
at first 600, then 1,000 beds, which were kept up by the 
American Chamber of Commerce of Paris, the principal 
cities of the United States and private subscriptions. Each 
ward bore the name of a city in the United States. 

Thanks to the generosity of Colonel Robert Bacon, former 
Ambassador, the American Ambulance was completed by a 
sanitary train which was the first of its kind to be employed 
during the war. A committee of distribution, presided over 
by Mrs. Robert Bliss, busied itself with the distribution of 
American gifts between the units of the front and of the 
rear. 

The hospital possessed a field hospital, 15 sections of 
Norton-Harjes motor ambulances, employed solely by the 
French Army, likewise 25 sections of field ambulances 
driven by American volunteers, and the gifts of various 
donors. 

Revolte (Rondpoint de la). 

The ground comprised between the Boulevard Victor 
Hugo, the Boulevard de Villiers and the Route de la 
Revolte was occupied, during the exhibition of 1889, by 
"Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show." 



154 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

Roule (Avenue du). 

The Mairie de Neuilly, where the Treaty of Peace be- 
tween the Associated and Allied Powers and Bulgaria was 
signed, the 28th November 1919 ; the United States repre- 
sentatives were F. Polk, H. White, and General T. H. 
Bliss. 

Rue Chauveau. 

No. 44. — American Hospital. 

This hospital was founded in 1906 by a society of mem- 
bers of the American colony, which bought, in 1908, at the 
corner of the Boulevard du Chateau, the present building, 
surrounded by a park of 6 acres. 

The hospital was opened the 29th October 1909, but its 
working was delayed at the time of its opening by the 
inundations of January 1910, during which the American 
colony, by the intermediary of the American Chamber of 
Commerce and its bankers, Morgan, Harjes & Co., dis- 
tributed 1,085,653 francs' worth of aid among the Parisian 
population. 

The hospital was definitely opened the 1st April 1910. 
It is absolutely free, but contains luxurious paying rooms. 
Some among the 26 beds which it contains have been 
endowed by various American persons of note. 

SAINT-CLOUD 

In 1827 six Indians from the Mississippi arrived in Paris, 
deputies of the Osages to the King of France. To cover the 
expenses of the voyage the tribe had economised for four 
years the products of its hunting. 

On the 2 1st August this deputation was presented to 
Charles X at the Chateau of Saint-Cloud ; the orator of the 
band Marcharthitahtoongah harangued the sovereign who 
answered him : "The tribe of the Osages was always faithful 
to France whilst their country was under her domination; 
I hope that the Osages will be the equally faithful allies 
of the United States." 

SAINT-GERM AIN-EN-LAYE ( Seine-et-Oise) 
The old cemetery of Saint-Germain-le-Laye contains 
numbers of tombs of Americans who have died in France; 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 155 

among others that of John Meredith Read, Consul-Gen- 
eral of the United States during the War of 1870 and 
the Commune. 

The Chateau. 

Salle de l'Age de Pierre. On the 2d June 191 9, there 
took place in this hall the forwarding of the Peace Treaty 
to the Austrian Plenipotentiaries. The following American 
delegates assisted at this ceremony : R. Lansing, E. House, 
H. White, and General Bliss, who signed, on the 10th Sep- 
tember, the Peace Treaty of Saint-Germain. 

SANNOIS (Seine-et-Oise) 

During Franklin's stay in Paris fashionable society fought 
for him, and Mme. d'Houdetot, the friend of Jean Jacques 
Rousseau gave, at the Chateau de Sannois, in that rustic 
corner of the valley of Montmorency, a fete in honour of 
the "American Socrates." 

The Comte and the Comtesse d'Houdetot went to meet 
Franklin, the 22d April 1781, a quarter of a mile from 
the village of Sannois : it was the Comtesse who helped him 
to descend from his carriage, addressing some lines to him 
which, as we shall see, were not the last of the day. 

They sat down to table : at the first glass of wine the 
assistants sang in chorus, accompanied by music, the follow- 
ing words : 

Of Benjamin let us celebrate the memory, 

Let us sing the good which he has done to mortals ; 

In America he will have altars, 

And in Sannois we drink to his glory. 

At each glass one of the guests thus sang a couplet; 
the Comtesse the second, the Vicomte d'Houdetot the 
third, the Vicomtesse the fourth, Mme. de Pernan the 
fifth, the Comte de Tressan the sixth, the Comte d'Apche 
the seventh. At the end of the meal the Comtesse, accom- 
panied by all the guests, led the doctor into the park, 
where the gardener presented him with an acacia from 
Virginia which Franklin planted with his own hands; the 
remembrance of that ceremony was preserved in some lines 



156 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

graven on a marble table near the spot where the new tree 
was to be placed. On their return they met a band of 
musicians who accompanied all the family singing. 

When the evening was over Franklin was reconducted to 
his carriage by the whole company, and the Comtesse said 
to him, by way of farewell, the following lines which she 
had herself composed: 

Legislator of one world and benefactor of two, 
Man for all time owes to you his homage, 
And I on this spot fulfil 
The debt of all time. 

Some years later, in 1785, Mme. d'Houdetot received the 
title of American citizen along with the Marechale de 
Beauveau, Condorcet, Saint-Lambert and some others, in an 
Assembly General held at the Town Hall of New Haven by 
the Mayor, the Aldermen, and the inhabitants. 

SEVRES (Seine et Oise) 
Manufacture Nationale de Sevres. 

The factory contains a very important museum of China 
objects from every country in the world. 

Besides the glass cases reserved to antique American pot- 
tery we must mention many "biscuits," said to be Sevres, of 
the 1 8th Century: 

Bust of Franklin, after Houdon (1777). 

Medallion of Dr. Franklin. 

Bust of Washington, by Boizot (1785). 

America, by Boizot (1791). 

Medallion symbolising the emancipation of the negroes. 

The factory has for sale reproductions of certain of these 
works. (Apply to the Bureau des Ventes.) 

SURESNES (Seine) 
The Cemetery of Suresnes is the only one in the Paris 
region. The other American military cemeteries of the 
front are situated close to the great battlefields where the 
American Army courageously fought beside their allies; 
they are situated near the following localities : 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 157 

Bony, to the N. of Saint Quentin (Aisne) : 3,000 tombs 
(battles of May- August 1918). 

Amiens (Somme) : a certain number of tombs are in the 
town cemeteries (battles of May-August 1918). 

Juvigny, to the N. of Soissons (Aisne) : 700 tombs (bat- 
tles of July-September 1918). 

Ploisy, to the S. of Soissons (Aisne) : 1,000 tombs (bat- 
tles of July-September 1918). 

Fismes, to the S. E. of Soissons (Marne) : 200 tombs 
(battles of August 1918). 

Belleau, to the N. of Chateau-Thierry (Aisne) : 2,700 
tombs (battles of June-July 1918). 

Seringe and Nesles, to the E. of Chateau-Thierry 
(Aisne) : 1,000 tombs (battles of June-July 1918). 

Beaumont, to the S. E. of Sedan (Ardennes) : 4,000 
tombs (battles of October 1918). 

Romagne-sous-Montfaucon, to the N. of Montfaucon 
(Meuse) : 24,000 tombs (battles of September-October 
1918). 

Thiaucourt, to the N. of Toul (Meuthe et Moselle) : 4,000 
tombs (battles of September 1918). 

TILLY (Seine-et-Oise). 

The Chateau de Tilly belonged to the Admiral de Grasse, 
who played an important part at sea during the American 
War. 

Francois-Joseph-Paul, Comte de Grasse de Rouville, Mar- 
quis de Tilly (1723-1788), distinguished himself, from 
1778, at the Battle of Ushant, was named chef d'escadre, 
and took part in different affairs under d'Estaing and the 
Comte de Guiche; in 1781 charged to conduct an impor- 
tant convoy as far as Martinique, he gave chase to the fleet 
of the English Admiral Hood, and captured the Island of 
Tabago; then the 5th September 1781 he defeated the 
enemy fleet at the entry of the Chesapeake, disembarked 
before Yorktown and brought help to the allied armies. 
He even offered to engage his fortune, his Chateau de 
Tilly, and his possessions in Saint Dominique. He had 
just gone to sea again to stop the route to Admiral Hood 
when Cornwallis surrendered. 

To recompense him for having taken so large a part in 



158 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

this capitulation, the American Congress voted him its 
solemn thanks; offered him four cannons taken from the 
English, with his name and arms on them. Louis XVI 
authorised him to accept them, and to place them in his 
Chateau de Tilly, where can be still seen, in the court of 
honour, the loopholes which sheltered them. Taken at 
the time of the Revolution, these cannons were dragged to 
Dreux and converted into money. 

Grasse was made prisoner in 1782 by the English, after 
a splendid struggle near Saintes in the Antilles, against 
the two fleets of Admirals Hood and Rodney. Interned 
in England, he there made himself still useful by occupy- 
ing himself with the negotiations for the Treaty of Ver- 
sailles. 

He died in Paris in 1788, and, according to his wish, his 
heart was taken to Tilly where it is still preserved in the 
Church. 

VINCENNES (Seine).. 
Stade Pershing. 

This grand stadium, situated in the Bois de Vincennes 
between the Camp of Saint Maur and the School of Join- 
ville-le-pont, was built in less than four months on the 
initiative of General Pershing. The ground was given by 
the French Government, and the funds necessary to the 
enterprise, about 350,000 francs, were furnished by the 
Y. M. C. A. The plans were drawn by French engineers, 
but the construction and the workmanship are entirely 
American. 

The levelling of the ground necessitated the carrying 
away of 5,000 cubic metres of earth, and the carting away 
of 26,000 cubic metres of slag. 

The stadium, in the shape of an immense horseshoe, can 
contain 22,000 people seated and 18,000 standing, that is 
to say, 40,000 spectators. It is entirely made of concrete. 
It served as the theatre from the 22d June to the 6th July 
1919, for the famous Pershing Olympiad, the greatest ath- 
letic event since the last Stockholm Olympiad of 1912. 
The athletic soldiers of nearly all the Allied countries 
took part in the competitions inaugurated by General Persh- 
ing in the presence of President Raymond Poincare. 



AMERICAN CONSULS AT PARIS 



The Consuls-General of the United States at Paris, or 
Vice-Consuls having acted as Consuls, have been, since the 
creation of the United States: 

1789-1795 : Barclay. 

1 796- 1 808: C. Fulwar Skipwith. 

1808-1814: David Bailie Warden. 

1814-1833 : Isaac Cox Barnet. 

1833-1834: Dunscombe Bradford, Vice-Consul. 

1834-1841 : Daniel Brent. 

1841: John Carroll Brent and Charles W. Barnet, 
Vice-Consuls. 

1841-1844: Lorenzo Draper. 

1845-185 1 : Robert Walsh. 

1852-1853: Samuel G. Goodrich. 

1854-1857: Duncan K. MacRae. 

1857: George Hutton, Vice-Consul. 

1857-1861 : Henry W. Spencer. 

1861 : Thomas H. Dudley, Vice-Consul. 

1861-1865: John Bigelow. 

1865 : Edward Tuck, Vice-Consul. 

1865-1869: John G. Nicolay. 

1870-1873 : John Meredith Read, Jr., Consul-General. 

1 874- 1 878 : Alfred T. A. Torbert. 

1878-1880: Lucius Fairchild. 

1880: Robert M. Hooper, Vice-Consul-General. 

1880-1887: George Walker. 

1887-1890: George L. Rathbone. 

1890-1893: Adam E. King. 

1893-1897: Samuel E. Morss. 

1897-1905 : John K. Gowdy.* 

1905-1914: Frank M. Mason. 

1914: Alexander M. Thackard. 



i59 



AMERICAN WRITERS IN PARIS 

Many American writers have resided in Paris. Ralph 
Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) came three times to Paris; 
first in June 1833, on his way from Ferney, where he had 
visited Voltaire's house. He visited the Sorbonne, the 
Louvre, the Natural History Museum, and heard some fa- 
mous lectures. On the 4th July he dined with La Fayette 
and about one hundred members of the American colony. 
His second visit took place in May 1848; he went to see 
Rachel play in Phedre at the Theatre-Francais, and heard 
Leverrier and Michelet at the Sorbonne. He returned for 
the last time to Paris in March 1873, and there met Renan 
and Taine. 

Nathaniel Hawthorne came to Paris about i860 where 
one of his favourite promenades was to loiter along the 
riverside. 

Francis Parkman (1823-1893), the historian of the 
French Colonisation of America, came to work for some 
time in Paris. He published, among other works, "The 
Pioneers of France in the New World," "The Jesuits in 
North America," "Montcalm and Wolfe," etc. He liked 
going about Paris on the tops of omnibuses, and on the 
little river boats, and he especially preferred the quarters 
of the Boulevards and the Tuileries. 

The poet William Cullen Bryant came six times to Paris. 

The writer Charles Sumner resided in Paris on five occa- 
sions, the first of which was in 1839. 

Edgar Allan Poe crossed through Paris, which city he 
has chosen for the scene of some of his "Extraordinary 
Tales." 

Major Alonzo Huntington came to v/ork in Paris at the 
Archives Nationales, and at the Archives de la Guerre, for 
his work on the French Combatants in the American War 
( 1 778-1 783). He was helped in his work by Colonel 
Chaille-Long, special assistant commissioner at the Exhibi- 

160 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 161 

tion of 1900, and by Edward P. MacLean, American Vice- 
Consul in Paris. He was for four months president of the 
American Club at Paris. 

Moncure D. Conway, who wrote in Paris the "Life of 
Thomas Paine," lived in the Rue de Richelieu, at the Hotel 
de Strasbourg, near the Bibliotheque Nationale, where he 
often went to work. It was there that he died. 

The poet Theodore Tilton lived in Paris from 1883 to 
1908; he rose often at 4 o'clock in the morning to go and 
write or to walk in the Avenue du Bois de Boulogne. He 
is buried near Fontainebleau at Barbizon, according to a 
wish he had expressed. 

Colonel Theodore Ayrault Dodge, of Pittsfield (Mass.), 
military historian of value, lived many years in Paris. 

Louis Moreau Gottschalk, the celebrated American 
pianist, studied music in Paris with Ch. Halle. In 1852 
he made his tour of Europe, during which he was enthu- 
siastically received at Paris. 

Patience Wright (1725-1785) came to London, and then 
to Paris, in 1781. She became acquainted in the latter city 
with Franklin, whose portrait she made, representing him 
in the act of making electrical experiments. 

John Trumbull (1756-1843) arrived in Paris in 1787. He 
there made some portraits of French officers who had 
fought with Washington, as well as the portrait of Jef- 
ferson, with whom he lived. While staying here he saw 
Talleyrand and dined with Lucien Bonaparte. 

John Vanderlyn (1775-1852), perhaps considered as the 
first American painter who came to study in Paris, where 
he stayed on two occasions. His first residence, which 
dates from 1796, lasted five years; it was during the second, 
begun in 1803 and which lasted twelve years, that he pub- 
licly received, in 1808, from Napoleon I, a gold medal for 
his painting "Marius in the midst of the ruins of Carthage" ; 
it was the first work of an American to be exhibited in a 
French Salon. He refused the offers which were made to 
him to stay on in France and returned to America shortly 
after having finished his masterpiece "Ariadne at Naxos." 
During his stay in Paris he made a portrait of Joel Bar- 
low. 

Rembrandt Peale (1778-1860) came to Europe in 1802, 



162 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

bringing with him a skeleton of a mammoth. He made a 
first stay in Paris in 1807, visiting the Louvre, and making 
the portraits of French persons of note. He returned to 
America to bring back his family from there. He lived quite 
near the Louvre during his second residence at Paris. 

G. P. A. Healy, of Boston (1813-1894), was for long 
the senior American artist in Paris, where he exhibited for 
fifty years. He had been in Paris two years when in 1836 
he exhibited two portraits of men ; he was the only Ameri- 
can who had exhibited at five successive salons before 
1841. Among the six hundred portraits executed by him 
may be mentioned those of General Lewis Cass, United 
States Ambassador, of Washington, executed for an enter- 
tainment at the Embassy, and of King Louis-Philippe: 
this latter asked of him, for the galleries of paintings at 
Vervailles, the portraits of Washington, Jackson, Clay, 
Webster, Calhoun, Jay, and other celebrated Americans. 
In 1 84 1 the American colony at Paris ordered from him the 
portrait of Guizot, who had just published his study of 
Washington, and offered it to the National Museum at 
Washington. 

William Morris Hunt (1824-1879) visited successively 
London, Munich and Paris, where he joined his brother, a 
pupil at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, who helped his master, 
the architect, Hector Lefuel, in his work at the Louvre and 
the Tuileries. He was strongly influenced by Millet, for 
whom he showed a profound admiration, which caused him 
to be nicknamed "the mad American." He joined Millet 
at Barbizon, from whence they together visited the Louvre ; 
he was the first American to possess bronzes of Barye. He 
saw in Millet and Barye the greatest artists of the epoch, 
and it is thanks to him that the Boston museums possess 
some of their works. He painted specimens of the streets 
of Paris and exhibited for the first time at the Salon 
of 1852, then in 1853 and 1855. At that date he returned 
to the United States. He happened to be in Paris at 
the same time as his fellow-countryman, George Innes. 
John La Farge was his pupil there. 

George Innes (1825-1894), the celebrated landscape 
painter, who resided on several occasions in France, and 
especially in Italy, was strongly influenced by the Barbizon 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 163 

school. He exhibited at Paris, particularly at the Exhibi- 
tions of 1867 and 1878. It was at Paris, in 1854, that his 
son, George Innes, the animal painter, was born ; he be- 
came the pupil of Bonnat, and also exhibited in Paris. 

John La Farge (1835-1910) came to Paris in 1856. He 
was the son of a French officer, originally from Charente, 
who had married the daughter of a planter of Saint 
Dominique, Binsse de Saint Victor, uncle of the famous 
critic, Paul de Saint Victor. La Farge was sent to Paris 
to become acquainted with this Saint Victor family ; it was 
through his cousin that he got to know the painter Theodore 
Chasseriau, his first master. He entered the studio of 
Thomas Couture, already frequented by numbers of Amer- 
ican artists such as William Hunt. He became intimate 
with Puvis de Chavannes. 

Frank Boggs (1855- ) was the pupil of Gerome at Paris. 
He painted views of Paris, many of which are in the 
Musee Carnavalet. 

William T. Dannat, Julius L. Stewart, Alexander Har- 
rison, William Leroy Metcalf, Abbott H. Thayer, George de 
Forest 'Brush, Thomas W. Dewing, Gari Melchers, Ridg- 
way Knight, Humphreys Johnstone, Humphrey Moore, 
Frederik A. Bridgman, Seymour S. Thomas, Robert Mac- 
Cameron, H. O. Tanner, have likewise studied painting in 
Paris, where Miss Mary Cassat, a former pupil of Degas, 
lived for a long time. 

Among sculptors Paul Wayland Bartlett, George Gray 
Barnard, David Edstrom also came to Paris, where, notably, 
the first is the author of the Statue of La Fayette erected 
in the Square of the Louvre. 



CHARITABLE AMERICA IN PARIS 

Editor's Note. — To attempt to give a complete list of the 
American charitable organizations with affiliations in France 
during the late war would require more space than this little 
book would permit. Therefore after careful consideration 
the editor has deemed it wise to mention only those that are 
still actively engaged in their work at the time this volume 
goes to press (January, 1921). 

It is possible that there may be omissions, but they are 
wholly involuntary and are due to the difficulty in obtain- 
ing swift and correct information, together with the fact 
that post war charities are constantly shifting their tempo- 
rary Parisian headquarters. The following list contains 
some names without addresses, which means either that 
the charity while working for France has no Parisian head- 
quarters, or- that it has not been possible to get into com- 
munication with them in time to publish their addresses. 
Inquiry at the American Consular offices (see Italiens, rue 
des, p. 66) will doubtless bring forth any information that 
may be required. 

Contrary to the plan adopted throughout the volume this 
list is given by the name of the organization and the street 
is mentioned afterward. 

American Artists Committee of One Hundred. (No Paris 

headquarters.) 

Extends aid through French societies to needy French 

artists or their families. 
American Charitable Fund Association. 75 Rue de la 

Paix. 
American Committee of the Argonne Association. 50 

Rue des Dames. 

Maintains model boarding-out system and vocational 

training for French orphans. 
164 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 105 

American Committee for Devastated France. 75 Boule- 
vard Lannes. 

Reconstruction work for civilian population of France 
in the Aisne District. 

American Committee for "La Rennaissance des Cites." 
Provides part of funds for the French Organization 
which assists devastated cities with plans for recon- 
struction — architectural, legal and other. 

American Friends Service Committee. 47 Ave. de Stras- 
bourg, Chalons-sur-Mame. See Denatin (Bd. de) — 
Gore de I'Est. 
Engaged in completing reconstruction work in France. 

American Girls Club. 4 Rue de Chevreuse. 

American Memorial Hospital. 

Building endowed hospital for women and children 
in Rheims. 

American Ouvoir Funds. (No Paris headquarters.) 
Secures American adopters for French and Belgian 
war orphans. 

American Red Cross. 4 Rue Chevreuse. 

American Relief Society. 233 bis Rue du Fbg. St. 
Honore. 

Anglo-American, Y. M. C. A. 160 Rue Montaigne. 
Founded in 1868. 

British-American Ada Leigh Home. 77 Ave. de Wagram. 
Reserved for English and American girls. Dates from 
20 December 1872. 

This same mission has founded at 35 Bd. Bineau, 
Neuilly, a home for English and American Orphans, 
and at 18 Rue de Milan, Paris, a home for governesses 
and for young women studying the Beaux arts. This 
latter establishment bears the name of Washington 
House. 

Committee for Men Blinded in Battle. 14 Rue Daru, 
Paris. 
Cares for and re-educates blinded French soldiers. 

Franco-American Committee for the Protection of the 
Children of the Frontier. 77 Rue d' Amsterdam. 
Cares for homeless children of France and Belgium 



166 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 

in colonies, from which they are repatriated as rapidly 
as possible. 

French Heroes Lafayette Memorial Fund. Rue Mar- 
bceuf. 

Maintains various activities at Chateau Lafayette, later 
to become a memorial. 

French Restoration Fund. Bastion 55, Bd. Lannes, Paris. 
Raises Funds for restoration of homes, churches, 
public buildings, etc., in France. 

French Tubercular Children's Fund. 21 Quai de Bour- 
bon. 

Maintains homes and sanatoria and provides general 
care for tubercular children. 

Holy Trinity Lodge. 4 Rue Pierre Nicole. 

Paris British and American Schools. Rue des Acacias. 
Founded in 1832, they are placed under the patronage 
of the Ambassadors of Great Britain and the United 
States, and various other personalities. Intended for 
children of the working classes speaking English, they 
have rendered important services to the Anglo-Ameri- 
can colony, whose voluntary contributions constitute 
their only resource. 

Knights of Columbus, 16 Place de la Madeleine. 

Permanent Blind Relief War Fund. 17 Rue de Liege. 
Conducts work of a constructive nature for blinded 
soldiers and sailors. 

Students Hostel. 93 Bd. St. Michel. 

Y. M. C. A. 46 Rue de Provence. 

Y. W. C. A. S3 R ue de Caumartm. 



NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE 
American Hospital. 44 Rue Chauveau. 



TABLE OF REFERENCES TO 

HISTORICAL EVENTS, PERSONALITIES, 

CEREMONIES, ETC., ETC. 



Academies See Beaux - Arts 
(Ac. des) 26 
Franchise (Ac.) 44 
Inscriptions et Belles-lettres 

(Ac. des) 44 
Medecine (Ac. de) 47 
Sciences (Ac. des) 44 
Sciences Morales et Poli- 
tiques (Ac. des) 44 
Acardi de Markof Versailles 

— Gambetta (Rue) 150 
Acosta, Mrs. Bois de Bou- 
logne (Ave. du) 26 
Adams, John See Jefferson: 
Berri (Rue de) 23 
Versailles — Gambetta 
(Rue) iso 
Aero Club Francois I (Rue) 

54 
See Automobile Club: Con- 
corde (PI. de la) 40 

Agassiz, Alexander Valhu- 
bert (PI.) 132 

Agassiz, Louis Valhubert 
(PI.) 132 

Alcock, Captain See Biblio- 
theque Nationale: Riche- 
lieu (Rue de) 109 

Alembert, d' Raynouard 
(Rue) 100 

Alexander, John W. Bac 
(Rue de) 18 
And St. Gaudens: Bagneux 

(Rue de) 20 
His works: Vaugirard (Rue 
de) — Luxembourg 136 

Ambassadeurs de Hollande, 
Hotel des Vieille - du - 
Temple (Rue) 141 

America Medals: see Conti 
(Quai de) — Monnaie 42 
Statue: see Sevres 156 



American Agency for Relief in 
France Hotel de Ville 63 

American Ambulance in War 
of 1870-71 Bois de Bou- 
logne (Ave. du) 24 

American Ambulance in War 
of 1914-18 Neuilly-sur- 
Seine — Inkerman (Bd. d') 

153 

American Art Association Jo- 
seph-Bara (Rue) 66 

American Chamber of Com- 
merce Taitbout (Rue) 124 

American Churches Berri 
(Rue de) 23; Grande 
Chaumiere (Rue de la) 56 

American Club of Paris Tait- 
bout (Rue) 124 

American Consulate Italiens 
(Rue des) 66; Chateau- 
dun (Rue de) 36; Haute- 
ville (Rue d') 59; Italiens 
(Bd. des) 66; Opera (Ave 
de 1') 80; Quatre-Sep- 
tembre (Rue du) 98; 
Richelieu (Rue de) 106; 
Scribe (Rue) 121 

American Embassy Chaillot 
(Rue de) 33; Frangois I 
(Rue) 54; Kleber (Ave.) 
67 

American Expeditionary Force 
Offices: Montaigne (Ave.) 

77 

American Expeditionary 
Forces Art Training Cen- 
tre Bellevue 152 

American Federation of Labor 
Hotel de Ville 62 

American Fellowships in 
French Universities 
Ecoles (Rue des) 50 



167 



168 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



American Friends Service 
Committee See American 
Charities 164 
American Legation Bois du 
Boulogne (Ave. du) 25; 
Chaillot (Rue de) 33; 
Galilee (Rue) 55; Mari- 
gnan (Rue de) 74; Pen- 
thievre (Rue de) 92; St.- 
Honore (Rue) 117; Vic- 
toire (Rue de la) 140; 
Versailles — Mademoiselle 
(Rue) 150 
American Library Association 

Elysee (Rue de 1') 51 
American Newspapers See As- 
sociated Press 28 
Brooklyn Daily Eagle 29 
Chicago Tribune 117 
New York American 83 
New York Herald 36, 79 
New York Journal 147 
New York Sun 68 
New York Times 70 
New York Tribune 55 
New York World 80 
Stars and Stripes 66 
American Red Cross Chev- 
reuse (Rue de) 38; Hotel 
de Ville 63 
American Relief Clearing 
House Frangois I (Rue) 
54 
American Students' Club Jo- 

seph-Bara (Rue) 66 
American University Union 
Fleurus (Rue de) 54; 
Richelieu (Rue de) 103 
Americanistes de Paris, Societe 

des Buffon (Rue) 28 

Americans as French Citizens 

See Assemblee Nationale 

in 

Amiens, Cemetery of Su- 

resnes — Denain (Bd.) 157 

Anderson, Charles Chaillot 

(Rue de) 32 
Andrieu, Bernard His works: 
Conti (Quai de) — Mon- 
naie 42 
Angers, David d' Estrapade 
(Rue de 1') 52 



Angleterre, Hotel Meuble d' 

Jacob (Rue) 66 
Angrand Richelieu (Rue de), 

Bibl. Nat. 109 
Appleton, Samuel Palais- 
Royal 85 
Aranda, Comte de Versailles 

— Gambetta (Rue) 150 
Archives Nationales Francs 

Bourgeois (Rue des) 54 
Argenson, Hotel d' Victoire 

(Rue de la) 140 
Argenson, Rene de Voyer d' 

Archives (Rue des) 17 
Armee, Musee de 1' Invalides 

(Hotel des) 65 
Armstrong, John Chaillot 

(Rue de) 32; Regard 

(Rue du) 102; Vaugirard 

(Rue de) 133 
Arnauld, Hotel Vosges (PI. 

des) 145 
Artists' Club of One Hundred 

See American Charities 164 
Artois, Comte d' Bonaparte 

(Rue) 27 
Arts et Metiers, Conservatoire 

and Musee des St.-Mar- 

tin (Rue) 120 
Asscher, Louis Neuilly-sur- 

Marne 153 
Assemblee Constituante Ri- 

voli (Rue de) in; Tour- 

non (Rue de) 129 
Assemblee Legislative Rivoli 

(Rue de) in 
Assemblee Nationale Rivoli 

(Rue de) 111 
Associated Press Bourse (PI. 

de la) 28 
Assomption, Church of the St.- 

Honore (Rue) 117 
Auteuil, Cemetery of Claude- 

Lorrain (Rue) 39 
Automobile Club Concorde 

(PL de la) 40 
Autrand Hotel de Ville 63 
Avery, S. P. Medal of: Conti 

(Quai de) — Monnaie 42 
Ayen, Due et Duchesse d' St.- 

Honore (Rue) 117; Pic- 
pus (Rue de) 94 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 169 



Bache, Benjamin Franklin 
Universite (Rue de I') 131 
Bacon, Robert Chaillot (Rue 
de) 33; Ecoles (Rue des) 
50; Champs-Elysees (Ave. 
des) 35; Neuilly-sur-Seine 
— Inkerman (Bd. d') 153 
Bailly Chaillot (Rue de) 33; 
Institut — Academie des 
Sciences 44 
Baker, G. P. Harvard Univer- 
sity: Ecoles (Rue des) — 
Sorbonne 48 
Baker, Newton D. Hotel de 

Ville 62 
Baldwin, James Mark Conti 

(Quai de) — Institut 44 
Banks 
See Equitable Trust Co. 83, 

124 
Farmers Loan and Trust Co. 

58 
Guaranty Trust Co. 66 
Morgan, Harjes & Co. 138, 
154 
Barbaroux Tournon (Rue de) 

129 
Barbe-Marbois Grenelle (Rue 
de) 58; Madeleine (PI. de 
la) 72; Port-Mahon (Rue 
de) 97; Varenne (Rue de) 
133 
Barclay Italiens (Rue des) 

66; see Am. Consuls 159 
Barere Paul Deroulede (Ave.) 
88; Rivoli (Rue de) 112 
Bariatinsky Versailles — Gam- 

betta (Rue) 150 
Barlow, Joel Chaillot (Rue 
de) 32; Jacob (Rue) 66; 
Vaugirard (Rue de) 137; 
see Rochambeau: Cherche- 
Midi (Rue du) 36 
See Thomas Paine: Odeon 

(Rue de 1') 80 
Fulton: Tokio (Ave. de) 127 
Assemblee Nationale, Rivoli 

(Rue de) 111 
His portrait by Houdon: 
Vaugirard (Rue de) 137 
His statue by Houdon: St.- 
Honore (Fbg.) 118 



His portrait by Vanderlyn: 
Bonaparte (Rue) 27 
Barnard, George Gray Bona- 
parte (Rue) 27 
Barnard, Inman Taitbout 

(Rue) 125 
Barnes, George Vaugirard 

(Rue de) — Senat 134 
Barnet, Charles W. Italiens 
(Rue des) 66; see Am. 
Consuls 159 
Barnet, Isaac Cox Italiens 
(Rue des) 66; see Am. 
Consuls 159 
Barnum and Bailey Champ 

de Mars 34 
Bar r as Francs Bourgeois 
(Rue des) 54; Vaugirard 
(Rue de) 134 
Bartholdi, Frederic Auguste 
Assas (Rue d') 17; Vavin 
(Rue) 138 
His statue of La Fayette and 
Washington : Etats - Unis 
(PI. des) 52 
His statue of Liberty: Gre- 
nelle (Pont de) 28 
St.-Martin (Rue) 120 
Bartholdi, Manuel His works: 
Vaugirard (Rue de) — 
Luxembourg 135 
Bartlett His works: Riche- 
lieu (Rue de)— Bibl. Nat. 
no 
Bartlett, Paul W. Dareau 
(Rue) 46; Bonaparte 
(Rue) — Beaux Arts 26 
His statue of La Fayette: 
Louvre (Sq. du) 71 
Barton, Thomas P. Chaillot 

(Rue de) 32 
Barye Statue by: Henri IV 
„ (Bd.) 59 
Bastille, prison de la Bastille 

(PI. de la) 21 
Baston St.-Honore (Rue) — 

Assomption 117 
Baudelaire, Charles Pierre 

Anjou (Quai d') 15 
Beach, Charles F. Capucines 
(Bd. des) 30; Pantheon 
£P1. du) 87 



170 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



Beaufort, Hotel de Quincam- 
poix (Rue) 98 

Beauharnais, Alexander, and 
Josephine de Vaugirard 
(Rue de) — Cannes 137 

Beauharnais, Vicomte de Paul 
Deroulede (Ave.) 91 

Beaumarchais, Caron de 
Beaumarchais (Bd.) 22; 
Vieille-du-Temple (Rue) 
141 
See Franklin: Raynouard 
(Rue) 101 

Beaumont, Cemetery of Stras- 
bourg (Bd. de) 123; 
Suresnes 157 

Beauregard, General Paul 
Deroulede (Ave.) 89 

Beauveau, Marechal de San- 
nois 156 

Beaux Arts, Academie des 
Conti (Quai de) 44 

Beaux Arts, Ecole des Bona- 
parte (Rue) 26 

Bell, Graham St.-Lazare 
(Gare) 120 

Belleau, Cemetery of Stras- 
bourg (Bd. de) 123; 
Suresnes 156 

Bellevue Bellevue 152 

Bellinger, Captain Concorde 
(PI. de la) — Ministere de 
la Marine 41 

Benet, Laurence V. Taitbout 
(Rue) 124 

Bennett, James Gordon 
Champs - Elysees (Ave. 
des) 36; his grave: Reser- 
voirs (Rue des) 102 
See Societe des American- 

istes: Buff on (Rue) 29 
Automobile Club: Concorde 

(PI. de la) 40 
Aero Club: Frangois I (Rue) 

54 
New York Herald: Opera 

(Ave. de 1') 79 
Benson, Admiral Hotel de 

Ville 63 
Bernard, Admiral Picpus 

(Rue de) 94 
Berry, Walter V. R. Taitbout 



(Rue) 124; Neuilly-sur- 
Seine 153 

Berthier, Cesar Gabriel Vic- 
toire (Rue de la) 140; 
Versailles — Chateau 148 

Berthier, Jean Baptiste Ver- 
sailles — Chateau 148; 
Versailles — Gambetta 
(Rue) 149 

Berthier, Marechal Alexandre 
Victoire (Rue de la) 140; 
Versailles — Chateau 148 

Bertin, Mademoiselle Richelieu 
(Rue de) 104 

Bibliotheque Nationale Riche- 
lieu (Rue de) 107 

Bigelow, John Chaillot (Rue 
de) 32; Grande - Armee 
(Ave. de la) 56; Italiens 
(Rue des) 66; Lamennais 
(Rue) 68 
See Am. Consuls 159 

Billaud, Varenne T o u r n o n 
(Rue de) 129 

Bion Bagneux (Rue de) 20 

Biron, Due de Lauzun See 
Lauzun 59 

Biron, Hotel de Varenne 
(Rue de) 133 

Bischoffsheim, Hotel Etats- 
Unis (PI. des) 52 

Bishop, Cortland Concorde 
(PI. de la)— Auto Club 
40 

Blackden, Colonel See Paul 
Jones: Grange-aux-Belles 
(Rue) 56; Tournon (Rue 
de) 129 

Blanchard, Jean Pierre Cas- 
sette (Rue) 30 

Bliss, R. W. Ecoles (Rue des) 
50 

Bliss, Mrs. R. W. Neuilly-sur- 
Seine — Inkerman (Bd.) 

Bliss, Gen. Tasker H. Hotel 
de Ville 63; Orsay (Quai 
d') 82; Vaugirard (Rue 
de) 134; Versailles — 
Chateau 148; Versailles 
— Reine (Bd. de la) 151; 
St.-Germain-en-Laye 155; 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 171 



Neuilly-sur-Seine — Roule 
(Ave. du) 154 

Blouet His works: Richelieu 
(Rue de) — Bibl. Nat. no 

Blunt, Mrs. Key Bois de Bou- 
logne (Ave. du) 26 

Bocher, W. Harvard Univer- 
sity: Ecoles (Rue des) — 
Sorbonne 48 

Boggs, Frank N. Bonaparte 
(Rue) — Beaux Arts 26 
His works: Vaugirard (Rue 
de) — Luxembourg 136 

Bohm, Max His works: Vau- 
girard (Rue de) — Luxem- 
bourg 135 

Boizot Sevres 156 

Bonaparte, Charles Joseph 
Palais-Royal 85 

Bonaparte, Charles L u c i e n 
Paul Deroulede (Ave.) 89 

Bonaparte, Jerome Invalides 
(Hotel des) 65; Palais- 
Royal 84; Paul Deroulede 
(Ave.) 89 

Bonaparte, Jerome Napoleon: 
1805-1870 Palais-Royal 

85 

Bonaparte, Jerome Napoleon: 
1878— Palais-Royal 85 

Bonaparte, Joseph Paul De- 
roulede (Ave.) 89 

Bonaparte, Louise Eugenie 
Palais-Royal 85 

Bonaparte, Lucien Paul De- 
roulede (Ave.) 89; Pen- 
thievre (Rue de) 92 

Bonaparte, Napoleon: See Na- 
poleon I 

Bonaparte, Napoleon: 1822- 
1891 Paul Deroulede 
(Ave.) 89 

Bonaparte, Pierre - Napoleon: 
1815-1881 Paul Deroulede 
(Ave.) 89 

Bon La Fontaine, Hotel du 
Saints-Peres (Rue des) 
121 

Bony, Cemetery of Denain 
(Bd.) 46; Suresnes 157 

Boston, City of Conti (Quai 
de) — Monnaie 42; Hotel 



de Ville 62; Louvre 72; 

see Bertin (Mile.) 
Bosworth, W. W. Vieille-du- 

Temple (Rue) 142 
Bottee His works: Conti 

(Quai de) — Monnaie 42 
Bougainville, Amiral de 

Banque (Rue de la) 21; 

Bondy (Rue de) 27; Pan- 
theon 87; Temple (Rue 

du) 126 
Bouille, Francois CI. Marquis 

de St.-Gilles (Rue) 116 
Bourbon, Louis Alexandre de 

Palais-Royal 84 
Bourbon, Palais Orsay (Quai 

d') 81 
Bourse de Commerce Quin- 

campoix (Rue) 98; 

Viarmes (Rue de) 139 
Boutroux, E. Ecoles (Rue 

des) 50 
Bouxiere, Hotel de Site of: 

Vintimille (Rue de) 143 
Boyle, J. J. His statue of 

Franklin: Franklin (Rue) 

55 
Bradford, Dunscomb Italiens 

(Rue des) 66; see Am. 

Consuls 159 
Brenner, V. D. His works: 

Conti (Quai) — Monnaie 

42 
Brent, Daniel Italiens (Rue 

des) 66; see Am. Consuls 

159 
Brent, John Carroll Italiens 

(Rue des) 66; see Am. 

Consuls 159 
Bresler, Arthur L. His works: 

Richelieu (Rue de) — Bibl. 

Nat. 109 
Bret Harte Taitbout (Rue) 

125 

Brewer, Emile Bois de Bou- 
logne (Ave. du) 24 

Brewer, William Bois de Bou- 
logne (Ave. du) 24 

Brewster, Cyrus F. Bois de 
Boulogne (Ave. du) 24 

Brewster, Maj. Gen. Hotel de 
Ville 63 



172 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



Bridgmann, Frederick A. 

Bonaparte (Rue) — Beaux 

Arts 26; see Weeks: 

Leonard -de - Vinci (Rue) 

69 
Briggs, Deal L. B. R. Ecoles 

(Rue des) — Sorbonne 

48 
Brillon See Franklin: Ray- 

nouard (Rue) 100 
Brissot Anjou (Rue d') 15; 

Gretry (Rue) 58; Riyoli 

(Rue de) — Convention 

Nat. 112 
Bristol, Hotel Vendome (PL) 

138 
Broglie, Due de Picpus (Rue 

de) 95 
Broglie, Prince de St.-Bom- 

inique (Rue) 115 
Broglie, Hotel de Varennes 

(Rue de) 133 
Brooklyn Daily Eagle Cam- 

bon (Rue) 29 
Brooks, Mrs. Romaine Her 

works: Vaugirard (Rue 

de) — Luxembourg 135 
Brou, Francois Franklin 

(Rue) 55 
Brown, James Chaillot (Rue 

de) 32; Lafitte (Rue) 68; 

Varenne (Rue de) 133 
Brown, John Vosges (PL des) 

145 
Brush, George de Forest 

Bonaparte (Rue) 26 
See St. Gaudens: Bagneux 

(Rue de) 20 
Bryant, William Cull en See 

Am. Writers 160 
Buffalo, City of Valhubert 

(PL) — Museum 132 
Buffalo Bill Champ de Mars 

34 
Buffon See Franklin: Ray- 

nouard (Rue) 99 
Bullion, Hotel de Jean 

Jacques Rousseau (Rue) 

113 
Burgoyne, Gen. Notre Dame 

78; Conti (Quai de) — 

Monnaie 43 



See Franklin: Raynouard 
(Rue) 101 

Burbe, iEdanus Rivoli (Rue 
de) — Assemblee Nat. in 

Burlingame, Anson Bois de 
Boulogne (Ave. du) 24 

Bush, Stephen Ecoles (Rue 
des) — Sorbonne. 49 

Butler, Nicholas Murray 
Champs- Elysees (Ave. 
des) — France - Amerique 
35; Ecole (Rue des) Sor- 
bonne 50 

Byron, Amiral S t . - A n n e 
(Rue) 113 

Cabanis See Mme. Helvetius: 
Auteuil (Rue d') 18 

Cachard, Henry Taitbout 
(Rue) 124 

Caffieri, J. J. His Works: 
Conti (Quai de) — Mon- 
naie 45 

Calhoun, William- R. Chaillot 
(Rue de) 32 

California Trocadero. 130 

Cambon Tournon (Rue de) 
129 

Cambridge, City of Valhubert 
(PL) — Museum 132 

Campbell, William Wallace 
Conti (Quai de) — Insti- 
tut 44 

Canning See Cooper: St.- 
Dominique (Rue) 115 

Capitan, Dr. Ecoles (Rue des) 
— College de France 50 

Caraman, Hotel de St.-Dom- 
inique (Rue) 115 

Carmes, Convent des Vaugir- 
ard (Rue de) 137 

Carnavalet Museum Sevigne 
(Rue de) 122 

Carnegie, Andrew Pierre 
Curie (Rue) 96; Valhu- 
bert (PL) 132; Beauveau 
(PL) 22 

Carnegie Heroes Fund of 
France Beauveau (PL) 22 

Carnegie Museum Valhubert 
(PL) 131 

Carnot Tournon (Rue de) 129 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 173 



Carrier-Belleuse, Pierre Uni- 

versite (Rue de 1') 131 
Carter, J. B. Ecoles (Rue 

des) — Sorbonne 48 
Carter, J. Ridgley Marbeuf 

(Rue) 73 
Cass, Lewis Chaillot (Rue de) 
32; La Boetie (Rue) 67; 
Lavoisier (Rue) 69; Ma- 
rigny (Rue de) 74; Ma- 
tignon (Ave.) 74; Paul 
Deroulede (Ave.) 90; St.- 
Honore (Fbg.) 118; Vic- 
toire (Rue de la) 140 
Cassatt, Mary Her works: 
Vaugirard (Rue de) — 
Luxembourg 136 
Castries, Comte de See Frank- 
lin: Raynouard (Rue) 101 
Catlin, G. His works: Riche- 
lieu (Rue) — Bibl. Nat. 
no 
Cemeteries See Amiens 157 
Auteuil 39 
Beaumont 123, 157 
Belleau 157 
Bony 157 
Fismes 157 
Juvigny 157 
Passy 102 
Pere-la-Chaise 76 
Picpus 93 
Ploisy 47 

Protestant (foreign) 56 
Romagne sous Montfaucon 

157 
Saint-Germain-en-Laye 155 
Se.rignes and Nesles 157 
Thiacourt- 157 
Cestre, Charles Capucines 
(Bd. des) 29; Ecoles 
(Rue des) 49 
Chaille Long, Col. See Am. 

Writers 160 
Chambre des Deputes See 
Palais Bourbon: Orsay 
(Quai d') 81 
Chambrun, Marquis de Pic- 
pus (Rue de) 94 
Chamfort See Mme. Helve- 

tius: Auteuil (Rue d') 18 
Champlain, S. de Champs- 



Elysees (Ave. des) — 
France-Amer. 34; Mission 
Champlain — Varenna 
(Rue de) 133 

Champs-Elysees, Cirque des 
Champs- Elysees (Ave. 
des) 34 

Chanler, Mrs. William Astor 
Hotel de Ville 64; Mar- 
beuf (Rue) 73 

Channing, Ellen Palais-Royal 
85 

Chapels See Am. Churches 

Charles X St.-Cloud 154 

Charnay His works: Riche- 
lieu (Rue) — Bibl. Nat. 109 

Chartres, Due et Duchesse de 
Palais-Royal 83 

Chartres, Robert d'Orleans, 
Due de Paul Deroulede 
(Ave.) 90 

Chastellux, Jean Francois 
Marquis de Sentier (Rue 
du) 122; Voltaire (Quai) 
143 

Chateaubriand, Rene de Bac 
(Rue du) 20; Richelieu 
(Rue de) 102 

Chatelet, Theatre du See Isa- 
dora Duncan 152 

Chavaniac, Chateau de Mar- 
beuf (Rue) 73 

Chenier, Andre Picpus (Rue 
de) 94 

Cheverus, Col", de Cheverus 
(Rue) 38 

Chicago Tribune St.-Honore 
(Rue) 117 

Child, Theodore T a it b out 
(Rue) 125 

Children of the Frontier See 
American Charities 164 

Choiseul, Due de Picpus (Rue 
de) 95 

Churches See Am. Churches 

Cincinnati, Society of the 
Cherche-Midi (Rue du) 
37; Lille (Rue de) 70; 
Pont-Neuf (PI. du) 97; 
Rivoli (Rue de) in; 
VieiJle : du-Temple (Rue) 
142 



174 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



Circuses See Barnum and 
Bailey 34 
Buffalo Bill 34 
Champs-Elysees 34 
Myers 126 

Clauzel Clauzel (Rue) 39 

Clearing* House of Information 
Fleurus (Rue de) 53 

Clemenceau, Georges Capu- 
cines (Bd. des) 29; Etats- 
Unis (PL des) 53; Frank- 
lin (Rue) 55 

Clermont-Tonnere, Hotel de 
Bac (Rue du) 20 

Clinton, Henry Cherche-Midi 
(Rue du). 36 

QX o s e n, Louis Baron de 
Cherche-Midi (Rue du) 

37 
Clubs See Aero Club 54 
American Club of Paris 124 
American Students Club 66 
Automobile Club 36, 40 
Harvard Club 50 
Interallied Cercle 117 
Travellers Clnib 35 
See also: Cradle Club 125 
Franco-Amer. Club 81 
Hungry Club 26 
Latin Quarter Club 125 
Pen and Pencil Club 125 
Ramblers Club 125 
Stanley Club 125 
Universities Club 125 
Washington Club 81 
College of- the U. S. in Paris 

Capucines (Bd. des) 29 
College du Plessis See Du 

Plessis (College) 119 
Collot d'Herbois- T o u r n o n 

(Rue de) 29 
Columbia University Ecoles 
(Rue des) — Sorbonne 48 
Columbus, Knights of See 
Knights of Columbus 
72 
Comite France - Amerique 
Gh a m p s - Elysees (Ave. 
des) 35 
Comite Franco - American 

Capucines (Bd. des) 29 
Comite de Patronage des 



Etudiants Strangers Ecoles 

(Rue des) — Sorbonne 47 
Commercial Cable Co. Louis 

le Grand (Rue) 70; Opera 

(Ave. de 1') 80 
Committee for Men Blinded 

in Battle See American 

Charities 164 
Companies See Indes, Cie. des 

107, 143; Mississippi Cie. 

108, 121; Traite des Noirs 
Cie. des 77 

Conciergerie Horloge (Quai 
de 1') 59 

Condorcet Raynouard (Rue) 
100; Sannois 156 
See Helvetius, Mme.: Auteuil 
(Rue d') 18; Sciences, Ac. 
des: 44; Convention Nat.: 
Rivoli (Rue de) in 

Convention Nationale Rivoli 
(Rue de) 111 

Conway, Moncure D. Riche- 
lieu (Rue de) 104 

Coolidge, A. C. Harvard Uni- 
versity: Ecoles (Rue des) 
48 

Coolidge, Thomas Jefferson 
Chaillot (Rue de) 33; 
Hoche (Ave.) 59 

Cooper, James Fenimore Paul 
Deroulede (Ave.) 90; Ri- 
voli (Rue de) no; St.- 
Dominique (Rue) 115 

Cope Valhubert (PL) — Mu- 
seum 132 

Cornwallis, Lord See Mon- 
naie: Conti (Quai de) 43; 
Rochambeau-: C h e r c h e- 
Midi (Rue du) 36; Grasse: 
Tilly 157 

Court Versailles: Chateau- 147 

Cowpens, Battle of Medal of: 
Conti (Quai de) — Mon- 
naie 43 

Cradle Club Taitbout (Rue) 
125 

Crane, Dr. Edward A. Bois de 
Boulogne (Ave. du) 75 

Crawford, W. H. Chaillot 
(Rue de) 32; St.-Lazare 
(Rue) 120 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 175 



Crivecoeur, St. Jean de 

Gretry (Rue) 58 
Crillon, Hotel de Concorde 

(PI. de la) 41 
Croisset, Francis de Etats- 

Unis (PI. des) 52 
Crozat Richelieu (Rue de) 

107; Vendome (PI.) 138 
Curtins Palais-Royal 85 
Curtin's Museum Palais-Royal 

85 
Cuvier Valhubert (PI.) — 

Museum. 131 



Dabot, Leon His works: 

Vaugirard (Rue de) — 

Luxembourg 135 
Daguerre, Louis St.-Lazare 

119 
Dalliba, William S. Taitbout 

(Rue) 124 
Dalou Bagneux (Rue de) 20 
Dalton, Henry His works: 

Vaugirard (Rue de) — 

Luxembourg 137 
Damas, Due Charles de St.- 

Honore (Fbg.) 118 
Dana, Charles A. Georges 

Guynemer (Rue) 55 
Danloux Sevigne (Rue de) — 

Carnavalet 122 
Dannat, W. T. Villiers (Ave. 

de) 142 
His Works: Vaugirar.d (Rue 

de) — Luxembourg 135 
Danton Rivoli (Rue de) — 

Convention Nat. 112; 

Vaugirard (Rue de) — 

Luxembourg 134 
Darboy, Mgr. Diderot (Bd.) 

47; Notre Dame 79; Ro- 

quette (Rue de la) 112; 
See Washburne: Bois de 

Boulogne (Ave. du) 25 
Davenport Brothers Victoire 

(Rue de la) 140 
Davey, W. R. Chaillot (Rue 

de) 32; Grange-Bateliere 

(Rue) 57; St.-Dominique 

(Rue) 115 
Davison, Henry P. Chev- 



reuse (Rue de) 38; Hotel 
de Ville 63 
Davis, Cushman O r s a y 

(Quai d') 82 

Davis, W. M. Harvard Uni- 
versity: Ecoles (Rue des) 
48; Conti (Quai) — Sor- 
bonne 44 

Day, W. R. Orsay (Quai d') 
82 

Dayton, W. L. Chaillot (Rue 
de) 32; Jean Goujon 
(Rue) 66; Presbourg (Rue 
de) 97 

Dean, Silas Picpus (Rue de) 
95; Versailles — Chateau 

147 
See Vergennes: Braque (Rue 

de) 28; Franklin: Univers- 

ite (Rue de 1') 131; Beau- 

marchais: Vieille-du-Tem- 

ple (Rue) 141 
Degas See Whistler: Bac (Rue 

de) 19 
Delessert, Benjamin Auteuil 

(Rue d') 18 
Deschanel, Paul Orsay (Quai 

d') 82 
Deslon Raynouard (Rue) 100 
Desmoulins, Camille Palais- 
Royal 86 
Dewing, Thomas W. Bona- 
parte (Rue) — Beaux 

Arts 26 
Diderot Auteuil (Rue d') 18 
Dillon Bourgogne (Rue de) 

28 
Dillon, Hotel de Bourgogne 

(Rue de) 28 
Dingman, Miss M. A. Edward 

VII (Rue) 51 
Dix, John A. Chaillot (Rue 

de) 32; Presbourg (Rue 

de) 97 
Dodge, Thomas Ayrault See 

Am. Writers 161 
Drake, Sir Francis Richelieu 

(Rue de) — Bibl. Nat. 109 
Draper, Lorenzo Italiens 

(Rue des) 66; see Am. 

Consuls 159 
Drexel Vendome (PI.) 138 



176 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



Dubost, Antonin Vaugirard 
(Rue de) — Luxembourg 

134 
Du Chaffault Portrait of: 

Versailles — Chateau 146 
Du Cheyron Portrait of: Ver- 
sailles — Chateau 146 
Dudley, Thomas H. Italiens 

(Rue des) 66; see Am. 

Consuls 159 
Du Maurier, George Bac (Rue 

de) 19 
Du Mesgoues Richelieu (Rue 

de) no 
Duncan, Isadora Bellevue 

152 
Duplessis Sevigne (Rue de) 

— Carnavalet 123; Ver- 
sailles — Chateau 146 
Du Plessis, College St.- 

Jacques (Rue) 119 
Duponceau Picpus (Rue de) 

96 
Du Pont, Coleman Capucines 

(Bd. des) 29 
Dupre His works: Conti 

(Quai de) 42 
Duval Pont-Neuf (PI. du) 97 
Duvivier His works: Louvre 

72; Conti (Quai de) — 

Monnaie 42 

Edison, Thomas Champs- 

Elysees (Ave. des) 34; 

Hotel de Ville 62 
Eliot, Charles William Conti 

(Quai de) — Institut 49 
Ellsworth, Oliver Chaillot 

(Rue de) 32; Grange Ba- 

teliere (Rue) 57; St.-Dom- 

inique (Rue) 115 
Elysee, Palais de F St.-Honore 

(Fbg.) 118 
Emerson, R. W. Theatre 

Frangais (PI. du) 126 
Eon, Chavalier d' Beaumar- 

chais (Bd.) 22 
See Franklin: Raynouard 

(Rue) 101 
Equitable Trust Co. Paix 

(Rue de la) 83; Taitbout 

(Rue) 124 



Estaing, Amiral d' Lacepede 

(Rue) 67; Ste.-Anne (Rue) 

113; Anjou; (Rue d') 15 

See Bertin (Mile.) Richelieu 

(Rue de) 104 
His portrait: Versailles — 
Chateau 146 

Etats-Unis, Hotel des Gaillon 
(Rue) 55 

Eugenie, Empress See Evans, 
Dr.: Bois de Boulogne 
(Ave. du) 24 

Eustis, James B. Chaillot (Rue 
de) 23; Kleber (Ave.) 67; 
Marceau (Ave.) 74' 

Evain Hotel de Ville 63 

Evans, Dr. Thomas W. Bois 
de Boulogne (Ave. du) 24 

Exposition Internationale d'- 
Electricite Champs-Ely- 
sees (Ave. des) 34 

Expositions Universelles: 1867, 
1878, 1889, 1900 Am. Ex- 
hibitors at: Champ de 
Mars 33, 34 

Fairchild, Lucius Italiens 

(Rue des) 66; see Am. 

Consuls 159 
Fanfcin-Latour Ferou (Rue) 

53; Bac (Rue du) — Whis- 
tler 19 
Farlow, William Gilson Conti 

(Quai de) 44 
Farmers Loan and Trust Co. 

Haussmann (Bd.) 58 
Fashion See Bertin (Mile.) 

104 
Fauchet, Abbe Viarmes (Rue 

de) 139 
Faujus de St. Fond Ranelagh 

98 
Faulkner, Charles J. Chaillot 

(Rue de) 32; La Boetie 

(Rue de) 67 
Fersen, Comte de Horloge 

(Quai de 1') — Concierg- 

erie 59; Matignon (Rue 

de) 74 
Finley, J. H. Champs-Elysees 

(Ave. des) 35; Ecoles (Rue 

des) — Sorbonne 48 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 177 



Fismes, Cemetery of Stras- 
bourg (Bd.) 123; Suresnes 

157 

Florimund, Joseph See Lou- 
bat, Due de 

Foch, Marechal Hotel de Ville 
63; Saxe (Ave. de) 121; 
Conti (Quai de) 42; Uni- 
versite (Rue de 1') 131 
Medal of: Conti (Quai de) 
— Monnaie 44 

Folies Bergeres, "theatre des 
See Loie Fuller: Cortam- 
bert (Rue) 46 

Fontanes, Louis de Invalides 
(Church) 65 

Forcalquier, Hotel de Lille 
(Rue de) 70 

Foreign Office Orsay (Quai 
d') 82 

Foreign, Office at Versailles, 
1783 Versailles — Gam- 
betta (Rue) 150 

Formige See Statue of Wash- 
ington and Lafayette: 
Etats-Unis (PI. des) 52 

Foster, Ben His works: Vau- 
girard (Rue de) — Luxem- 
bourg 132 

Foy, Cafe Palais-Royal 85 

Foyer Internationale des Etu- 
diants See Students Hos- 
tel 

Foyot, Restaurant Tournon 
(Rue de) 130 

Francais, Theatre Theatre 
Frangais (PI. du) 126 

Franchise, Academie Conti 
(Quai de) — Institut 45 

Francastel, Nicholas G. Pont- 
Neuf (PI. du) 97 

France-Amerique Committee 
Champs - Elysees (Ave. 
des) 35 

France - Amerique Magazine 
Champs - Elysees (Ave. 
des) 35 

Franco-American Club Opera 
(PI. de 1') 81 

Franklin, Benjamin Pen- 
thievre (Rue de) 92; Ray- 
nouard (Rue) 99; Uni- 



versite (Rue de 1') 131; 
Palais-Royal 83; Ranelagh 
98; Richelieu (Rue de) — 
Bibl. Nat. 109; Chaillot 
(Rue de) 31; Notre Dame 
78; Passy (Quai de) 87; 
Paul Deroulede (Ave.) 
87; St.-Honore (Rue) 116 

At the Academie des Sci- 
ences: Louvre 71 

Autograph of: Francs 
Bourgeois (Rue des) 54 

And Beaumarchais: Beau- 
marchais (Bd.) 22; Vieille- 
du-Temple (Rue) 141 

And Brissot: Gretry (Rue) 
58 

Busts of: Conti (Quai de) — 
Monnaie 42; Louvre 71; 
St.-Honore (Fbg.) 116; 
Sevigne (Rue de) 123; 
Sevres 156 

Death of: Rivoli (Rue de) 
in; Viarmes (Rue de) 139 

As a free mason: Bonaparte 
(Rue) 27 

And Mme. Helvetius: Au- 
teuil (Rue d') 18 

And Jefferson: Berri (Rue 
de) 23 

And Louis XVI: Paul De- 
roulede (Ave.) 87 

Medals of: Conti (Quai de) 
— Monnaie 42; Richelieu 
(Rue de) — Bibl. Nat. 109 

And Mesmer: Jean Jacques 
Rousseau (Rue) 113; 
Vendome (PL) 138 

And the Musee de Paris: 
Dauphine (Rue) 46 

His popularity: Conde (Rue 
de) 43; Odeon (PI. de 1') 
80; Palais-Royal 83 

Portraits of: Bonaparte 
(Rue) 27; Palais-Royal 
85; Sevigne (Rue de) 123 

And Rochambeau: Cherche- 
Midi (Rue du) 37 

At Sannois. Sannois 55 

Statue of: Franklin (Rue) 55 

And Vergennes: Bra que 
(Rue de) 28 



178 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



At Versailles: Versailles — 

Chateau 147; Versailles — 

Gambetta (Rue) 149 
And Voltaire. Voltaire 

(Quai) 144 
See Cincinnati (Society of) 

Pont-Neuf (PI. du) 97; 

Picpus (Rue de) 95 
Franklin fashion A la Frank- 
lin: Richelieu (Rue de) 104 
Franklin, William Temple 

Penthievre (Rue de) 92; 

St.-Georges (Rue) 116; 

Universite (Rue de 1') 131 
His grave: Menilmontant 

(Bd. de) 75 
Franque, Pierre Versailles — 

Chateau 146 
Fraser, Miss Monceau (Rue 

de) 75 
French, Daniel Chester His 

statue of Washington: 

Iena (PI. d') 64 
French Alliance R a s p a i 1 

(Bd.) 99 
French Heroes Lafayette 

Memorial Fund Marbeuf 

(Rue) 73 
French Restoration Fund See 

American Charities 164 
French Fund for Tubercular 

Children See American 

Charities 164 
Friends of the Blacks, Society 

of the Gretry (Rue) 58 
Frieseke, Frederick His works: 

Vaugirard (Rue de) — 

Luxembourg 135 
Fry, William P. Or say (Quai 

d') 82 
Fuller, Loie Cortambert (Rue) 

46 
Fuller, Miss Margaret Rouge- 

mont (Rue) 113 
Fulton, Robert Panoramas 

(Passage des) 86; Tokio 

(Ave. de) 127; Vaugirard 

(Rue de) 137 
His bust: St.-Honore (Fbg.) 

118; Louvre 72 
His plans: St.-Martin (Rue) 

120 



See Thomas Paine: Odeon 
(Rue de 1') 80 

Gallatin, Albert Chaillot (Rue 
de) 32; Monsieur (Rue) 
76; Universite (Rue de 1') 

131 

Gallison, Henry H. His 
works: Vaugirard (Rue 
de) — ^Luxembourg 135 

Gallo-American Society Gre- 
try (Rue) 58 

Garden, The St. - Honore 
(Fbg.) 118 

Gardette, Dr. Bois de Bou- 
logne (Ave. du) 24 

Gare de l'Est Strasbourg (Bd. 
de) 123 

Gare du Nord Denain (Bd.) 
46 

Gare St.-Lazare See St.-La- 
zare (Gare) 

Gamier Bagneux (Rue de) 20 

Gassette, Miss Grace Her 
works: Vaugirard (Rue 
de) — Luxembourg 135 

Gateau His works. Conti 
(Quai de) — Monnaie 42 

Gay, Walter Universite (Rue 
de 1') 131 
His works: Vaugirard (Rue 
de) — Luxembourg 135 

Gayrard His works: Conti 
(Quai de) — Monnaie 42 

Geography, Society of St.- 
Germain (Bd.) 116 

George, Miss Kitty Boyd Ed- 
ward VII (Rue) 51 

George III Picpus (Rue de) 
95 

Gerry, Elbridge .Chaillot 
(Rue de) 32 

Gibson, Col. Chevreuse (Rue) 
38 

Gill, A. Gouverneur H i s 
grave : Menilmontant 
(Bd.) 75 

Gilmore, Robert Paul De- 
roulede (Ave.) 87 

Gleyre, Bac (Rue du) 19 

Gloucester, Duke of Picpus 
(Rue de) 95 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 179 



Gloty, Comte de Vieille-du- 
Temple (Rue) 141 

Goodrich, Samuel G. Hotel 
de Ville 61; Italiens (Rue 
des) 66; see Am. Consuls 

159 
Gorguet, Auguste Universite 

(Rue de 1') 131 
Gottschalk, Louis Moreau See 

Am. Writers 161 
Gouraud, Gen. Champs-Ely- 
sees (Ave. des) 34 
Gouthiere His works: Louvre 

7i 
Gowan Taitbout (Rue) 125 
Gowdy, John K. Italiens 

(Rue des) 66; see Am. 

Consuls 159 
Grand Orient Bonaparte 

(Rue) 27 
Grandgent, C. H. Harvard 

University: Ecoles (Rue 

des) — Sorbonne 48 
Grasse de Rouville, Amiral de 

Tilly 157; his portrait: 

Pantheon (Rue de) 87; 

Versailles — Chateau 146 
Gray, George Or say (Quai 

d') 82 
Greene, Nathanael His por- 
trait: Versailles — Chateau 

146 
Greene, Edwin Farnum Capu- 

cines (Bd-. des) 29 
Gregoire His works: Conti 

(Quai de) — Monnaie 44 
Greatorex His works: Riche- 
lieu (Rue) — Bibl. Nat. 

no 
Guaranty Trust Co. of New 

York Italiens (Rue des) 

66 
Gudin Versailles — Chateau 

146 
Guerre, Bibliotheque et Musee 

de la Colisee (Rue du) 

39 
Guiche, Hotel de la Regard 

(Rue du) 102 

Hale, George Ellery Conti 
(Quai de) — Institut 44 



Hall, E. H. Harvard Uni- 
versity: Ecoles (Rue des) 
— Sorbonne 48 
Halle, C. H. See Am. Writers 

161 
Halle aux Bles Viarmes (Rue 
de) 139; Raynouard (Rue) 
101 

Halsay, P. Versailles — 
Chateau 146 

Halstead, Admiral Hotel de 
Ville 63 

Hambourg, Hotel de Uni- 
versite (Rue de 1') 130 

Hamilton, Alexander H i s 
portrait : V e r s a'i 1 1 e s — 
Chateau 146 

Hamilton, Jean Rivoli (Rue 
de) — Assemblee Nat. 112 

Hamilton, John McLure His 
works: Vaugirard (Rue 
de) — Luxembourg 135 

Hanotaux, Gabriel Champs- 
Elysees (Ave. des) 35 

Hancock, John His portrait: 
Versailles — Chateau 146 

Harbord, Maj. Gen. Hotel de 
Ville 63 

Harjes, John H. Vendome(Pl.) 
138; Franklin (Rue) 55 

Harris, Leavitt Chaillot (Rue 
de) 32 

Harrison, Alexander Leonard 
de Vinci (rue) 69; his 
works: Vaugirard (Rue 
de) — Luxembourg 135 

Hartley, Sir David Versailles 
— Gambetta (Rue) 149 

Harts, Brig. Gen. Hotel de 
Ville 63 

Harvard Club of Paris Ecoles 
(Rue des) 50 

Harvard University Ecoles 
(Rue des) 48; see Rum- 
ford grave 

Hastings, Thomas H. See 
Statue of Lafayette — 
Louvre (Sqr. du) 71 

Hawkins, Gen. Rush B. Bac 
(Rue du) 19 

Hawthorne, Nathaniel See 
Am. Writers 160 



180 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



Hay, John Chaillot (Rue de) 

32 
Healy, G. P. A. Portraits by: 

Versailles — Chateau 146 
Hearn, Edward L. Madeleine 

(PI. de la) 72 
Heidelback, Alfred S. Tait- 

bout (Rue) 124 
Helleman Bellevue 152 
Helleu, Paul Bagneux (Rue 

de) 20 
Helvetius, M. Ranelagh 98 
Helvetius, Mme. Auteuil (Rue 

d') 18; Raynouard (Rue) 

100 
As a free mason: Bonaparte 

(Rue) 27 
Her grave: Claude Lorraine 

(Rue) 39 
Henri, Robert His works: 

Vaugirard (Rue de) — 

Luxembourg 135 
Heredia, Chevalier de Ver- 
sailles — Gambetta (Rue) 

ISO 
Herrick, Hon. Myron Chail- 
lot (Rue de) 33; Francois 

I (Rue) 54 
Hines, Maj. Gen. Hotel de 

Ville 63 
Histoire Naturelle, Musee d' 

Valhubert (PI.) 131 
Hoffmann, Miss Malvina Her 

works: Vaugirard (Rue 

de) — Gardens of Luxem- 
bourg 136 
Hohenlohe, Princesse de Pic- 
pus (Rue de) 94 
Holbach, Baron d' Auteuil 

(Rue de) 18 
Holland, Dr. Valhubert (PI.) 

132 
Homer, Winslow His works: 

Vaugirard (Rue de) — 

Luxembourg 135 
Hood, Admiral Tilly 157 
Hooper, Robert M. Italiens 

(Rue des) 66; see Am. 

Consuls 159 
Hoover, Herbert Hotel de 

Ville 63; Vaugirard (Rue 

de) — Senat 134 



Hortalez, Roderigue Co. Vieil- 
le-du-Temple (Rue) 
141 

Horton, William His works: 
Vaugirard — Luxembourg 

135 
Hotels (chiefly historic private 
residences) See Ambassa- 
deurs de Hollande 141; 
Angleterre 66; Argenson 
140; Arnauld 145; Beau- 
fort 98; Biron 133; Bon La 
Fontaine 121; Bristol 138; 
Broglie 133; Bullion 113; 
Caraman 115; Clermont- 
Tonnere 20; Crillon 41; 
Dillon 28; Etats-Unis 55; 
Forcalquier 70; Guiche 
102; Hambourg 130; 
Jarnac 75; La Bouxiere 
143; La Rochefoucauld 41; 
La Rochefoucauld d'Estis- 
sac 115; Lauzun 15; Louis 
XVI 104; Maurepas 58; 
Mesmes 28; Monaco et 
Valentinois 133; Murat 
75; Nelson 107; Nevers 
108; Noailles, 117, 118, 
151; Nogent 118; Palace 
Hotel des Champs-Ely- 
sees 35; Patriots 103; 
Philadelphie 93; Plouville 
131; Postes 113; Richelieu 
104; Ritz 138; Rougement 
113; Royal Palace 103; 
Salm 88; Soissons 98, 140; 
Soubise 54; Strasbourg 
104; Students Hostel 120; 
Tesse 144; Transylvanie 
72; Treville 130; Tuboeuf 
107; Valentinois 99; Vil- 
lette 144 
Houdetot d' Sannois 155 
Houdon St.-Honore (Fbg.) 
118; Versailles — Potager 
(Rue du) 146 
His bust of Paul Jones: 
Bonaparte (Rue) 27; 
Grange-aux-Belles (Rue) 
57; Tournon (Rue de) 129 
His bust of Lafayette: 
Hotel de Ville 60 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 181 



His works in the Louvre: 
Louvre 71 

His works in the Sevres 
Museum: Sevres 156 

His bust of Joel Barlow: 
Vaugirard (Rue de) 137 

His Statue of Washington: 
Versailles: Chateau 146 

And Franklin: Raynouard 
(Rue) 101 
House, Col. E. M. Orsay 
(Quai d') 82; Vaugirard 
(Rue de) — Luxembourg 
134; Versailles — Chateau 
146; St.-Germain-en-Laye 

Hue Versailles — Chateau 
146 

Hugo, Victor Vosges (PI. 
des) 145 

Hungry Club Bois de Bou- 
logne (Ave. du) 26 

Hunt, Richard Morris Bona- 
parte (Rue) — Beaux 
Arts 26 

Hunt, William Morris Pigalle 
(Rue) 86; Bonaparte 
(Rue) — Beaux Arts 26 

Huntington, Henry A. See 
Am. Writers 160 

Hutton, George Italiens (Rue 
des) 66; see Am. Consuls 

159 
Hyde, James Hazen Ecoles 
(Rue des) 48; Buffon 
(Rue) 29 

Independence Day Concorde 
(PI. de la) 41; Invalides 
(Hotel des) 65; President 
Wilson (Ave. du) 98; Lille 
(Rue de) 70 

Indes, Cie. des Richelieu (Rue 
de) 107; Vivienne (Rue) 
143 

Indes Occiden tales, Cie. dea 
Vendome (PI.) 139 

Inness, George Bonaparte 
(Rile) — Beaux Arts 26 

Inness, George, Jr. Bonaparte 
(Rue) — Beaux Arts 2(3 

Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 



Ac. des Conti (Quai de) 

— Tnstitut 44 
Institut, Palais de F Conti 

(Quai de) 44 
Institute of Chemistry Pierre 

Curie (Rue) 96 
Interallie Club St.-Honore 

(Fbg.) 117 
Interior, Ministry of Beau- 

veau (PI.) 22 
Ireland, Mgr. Louvre (Sqr. 

du) 71 
Irving, Washington Richelieu 

(Rue de) 106; Theatre 

Francais (PI. du) 126 
Izard, Ralph Versailles — 

Chateau 147 

Jackson, Dr. Charles T. St.- 

Lazare (Gare) 120 

Jackson, Henry Chaillot (Rue 

de) 32 

His portrait in the Beaux 

Arts: Bonaparte (Rue) 26 

Janin, Jules Monsieur-le- 

Prince (Rue) 76 
Jarnac, Comte de Monsieur 

(Rue) 76 
Jarnac, Hotel de Monsieur 

(Rue) 75 
Jay, John Versailles — Gam- 
betta (Rue) 149 
His portrait in the Beaux 
Arts: Bonaparte (Rue) 
26; Versailles — Chateau 
146 
Jefferson, Thomas Berri 
(Rue de) 22; Chaillot 
(Rue de) 31; Hotel de 
Ville 60; Taitbout (Rue) 
123; Tuileries (Jardin des) 
130 
Autograph of: Francs Bour- 
geois (Rue des) 54 
Bust of: St.-Honore (Fbg.) 

118 
And Lafayette: Lille (Rue 

de) 69 
And Monroe: Richelieu 

(Rue de) 107 
Statue of: Estrapade (Rue 
de 1') 52 



182 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



Jefferson, Thomas (Cont.) 
His portrait by Trumbull: 
Bonaparte (Rue) 27 

Jeffries, Dr. John Cassette 
(Rue) 30 

Joffre, Marechal Conti (Quai 

de) — Institut 42; Michel- 

Ange (Rue) 75; Uni- 

versite (Rue de 1')* 131 

Medal of: Conti (Quai de) 

— Monnaie 42 
Johnstone, John Humphreys 

Bonaparte (Rue) : Beaux 

Arts 26 
His works: Vaugirard (Rue 

de) — Luxembourg 135 
Joinville, Francois d'Orleans, 

Prince de Paul Deroulede 

(Ave.) 90 
Joliet St.-Jacques (Rue) 119 
Jones, Paul Tournon (Rue 

de) 129; Vivienne (Rue) 

143; Palais-Royal 83 
His death: Rivoli (Rue de) 

in 
His grave: Grange*- aux - 

Belles (Rue) 56 
As a Free Mason: Bonaparte 

(Rue) 27 
Fashion a la: see Bertin 

(Mile.) 104 
His bust: Grange-aux-Belles 

(Rue) 57 
Medals of: Conti (Quai de) 

— Monnaie 42 

His portrait: Versailles — 

Chateau 146 
Jusserand, J. J. Vaugirard 

(Rue de) 134 
Justice, Palais de Horloge 

(Quai de 1') 59; Palais 

(Bd. du) 83 
Juvigny, Cemetery of Denain 

(Bd.) 47; Suresnes 157 

Kalb, Baron de Picpus (Rue 

de) 95 
Kane, Eliza Kent Medal of: 

Richelieu (Rue de) — 

Bibl. Nat. 109 
Kersaint Tournon (Rue de) 

129 



Kimbell, Francis Taitbout 

(Rue) 124 
King, Adam E. Italiens (Rue 

des) 66; see Am. Consuls 

159 
King, William R. Chaillot 

(Rue de) 32; Lavoisier 

(Rue) 69; St.-Dominique 

(Rue) 115 
Knapp, Admiral Hotel de 

Ville 63 
Knight, Ridgeway See Beaux 

Arts: Bonaparte (Rue) 26 
His works: Vaugirard (Rue 

de) — Luxembourg 135 
Knights of Columbus Made- 
leine (PI. de la) 72, 73 
Knox, Gen. His portrait: 

Versailles — Chateau 146 
Krans, Horatio S. Fleurus 

(Rue de) 54 
Kresser, Hubert Neuilly-sur- 

Marne 153 
Kunz, George F. Valhubert 

(PI.) 132 

Lachman, Harry B. His 
works: Vaugirard (Rue 
de) — Luxembourg 135 
La Farge, John Beaux Arts: 
Bonaparte (Rue) 26 
His works: Vaugirard (Rue 
de) — Luxembourg 135 
La Fayette, Marquis de An- 
jou (Rue de 1') 15; Lille 
(Rue de) 69; St.-Honore 
. (Rue) 117; St.-Jacques 
(Rue) 119; Versailles — ■ 
Pompe (Rue de la) 151; 
Orsay (Quai d') — Palais 
Bourbon 82 
And Beaumarchais: Beau- 

marchais (Bd.) 22 
Busts of: Estrapade (Rue de 
1') 52; Hotel de Ville 60; 
Invalides (Espl. des) 65; 
Versailles — Chateau 146 
Death of: St.-Honore (Rue) 

117 
And Franklin: Raynouard 
(Rue) 101; Viarmes (Rue 
de) 139 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 183 



As a Free Mason: Jean Jac- 
ques Rousseau (Rue) 113 
His grave: Picpus (Rue de) 

94 
And Jefferson: Taitbout 

(Rue) 124 
And Paul Jones: Tournon 

(Rue de) 129 
And Longfellow (Monsieur- 

le-Prince (Rue) 76 
And MacLane: Caumartin 

(Rue de) 31 
Medals of: Conti (Quai de) 

— Monnaie 42 
And Morris: Richelieu (Rue 

de) 106 
Portraits of: Invalides 
(Espl. des) 65; Louvre 
(Sqr. du) 71; St.-Lazare 
(Gare) 119; Sevigne (Rue 
de) 122 
And Rochambeau: Cherche- 

Midi (Rue du) 38 
Statues of: Assas (Rue d') 
17; Etats-Unis (PI. des) 
52; Louvre (Sqr. du) 71; 
Pantheon (PI. du) 86; 
Madeleine (PI. de la) 72 
And Washington: Bastille 
(PI. de la) 21 
La Fayette Memorial Fund 
See French Heroes La 
Fayette Memorial Fund 
La Fayette, Marquise de Ar- 
cheveche (Quai de 1') 17; 
St.-Honore (Rue) 117; 
Voltaire (Quai) 144; Ver- 
sailles — Chateau 146; 
Versailles — Pompe (Rue 
de la) 151 
Lamballe, Princesse de Riche- 
lieu (Rue de) 105 
La Motte Piquet, Amiral de 
La Motte Piquet (Ave de) 
68 
Lanman, Charles Rockwell 
Conti (Quai de) — Insti- 
tute 44 
Lannes, Gen. Invalides 

(Church of) 65 
Lansing, Robert Hotel de 
Ville 63 Orsay (Quai d') 



82; Vaugirard (Rue de) — 
Senat 134; Versailles — 
Chateau 148; Versailles — 
Reine (Bd. de la) 151; St.- 
Germain-en-Laye — Cha- 
teau 155 

La Perouse Montaigne (Ave.) 
75 

Lariviere Versailles — Cha- 
teau 146 

La Rochefoucauld Raynouard 
(Rue) 100; Richelieu (Rue 
de) 105 

La Rochefoucauld, Hotel de 
Constantine (Rue) 41 

La Rochefoucauld d'Estissac, 
Hotel de St. - Dominique 
(Rue) 115 

La Rochefoucauld Liancourt, 
Due de Sevres (Rue de) 
123 

La Salle St.-Jacques (Rue) 
119 

Latil Versailles — Chateau 146 

Latin Quarter Club Taitbout 
(Rue) 125 

Lauzun, Biron Due de Hor- 
loge (Quai de 1') 59; Ma- 
tignon (Rue) 75; Richelieu 
(Rue de) 103; Vendome 
(PI.) 138 
Portrait of: Versailles — 

Chateau 146 
Legion of: Bourgogne (Rue 
de) 28 

Lauzun, Hotel de Anjou 
(Quai d') 15 

Lavoisier Auteuil (Rue d') 
18; Lavoisier (Rue) 69; 
Institut — Ac. des Sciences 

44 
Law de Lauriston Quincam- 
poix (Rue) 98; Richelieu 
(Rue de) 107; Vendome 
(PI.) 158; Viarmes (Rue 
de) 159; Victoires (PI. 
des) 140; Vivienne (Rue) 

143 
Laurens, Col. John Sts.-Peres 

(Rue des) 93 
L e b a u d y, Paul Capucines 

(Bd. des) 29 



184* AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



Leblanc, Henri Colisee (Rue 
du) 39 

Ledyard, Henry C h a i 1 1 o t 
(Rue de) 32; Lavoisier 
(Rue) 69 

Lee, Arthur Braque (Rue de) 
28; Beaumarchais (Bd.) 
22; Universite (Rue de 1') 
131; Versailles — Chateau 

147 

Lee, William Versailles — 
Chateau 147 

Legion of Honour, Palace of 
the Lille (Rue de) 69 

Leidy Valhubert (PI.) 132 

L'Enfant, Major Pont - Neuf 
(PI. du) 97; Vieille-du- 
Temple (Rue) 142 

Le Paon Orsay (Quai) 82 

Le Ray de Chaumont Ray- 
nouard (Rue) 99; Univer- 
site (Rue d') 131 

Le Rebours, Mme. Picpus 
(Rue de) 94 

Le Roy, Catherine Palais- 
Royal 85 

Lesseps, Ferdinand de Mon- 
taigne (Ave.) 76; St.-Flor- 
entin (Rue) 116 

Letulle, Prof. Capucines (Bd. 
des) 29 

Le Veillard Passy (Quai de) 
87; Raynouard (Rue) 101 

Levy, Caroline B. K. Capu- 
cines (Bd. des) 30 

Levy, Jefferson M. Statue of 
Jefferson: Estrapade (Rue 
de 1') 52 

Liberty, Statue of See Bar- 
tholdi 

Libraries, American See 
Ecoles (Rue des) — Sor- 
bonne 50; Chamber of 
Commerce : Taitbout 
(Rue) 124; American Li- 
brary Association: Elysee 
(Rue de 1') 51; Hotel de 
Ville 61 

Libraries, French ( Amer. 
Works in) See Biblio- 
theque Nationale: Riche- 
lieu (Rue de) 108; Biblio- 



theque de la Guerre: 
Colisee (Rue du) 39; Bib- 
liotheque Mazarine: Conti 
(Quai de) 45 

Liggett, Lt. Gen. Hunter Ho- 
tel de Ville 63 

Lincoln, Abraham Paul De- 
roulede (Ave.) 89; Death 
of: Conti (Quai de) — 
Monnaie 45 

Lines, Ernest H. Capucines 
(Bd. des) 30 

Livingston, Edward Chaillot 
(Rue de) 32 

Livingston, Robert R. Chail- 
lot (Rue de) 32; Auber 
(Rue) 17; Montmartre 
(Bd.) 77; Victoire (Rue 
de la) 140 
And Monroe: Richelieu (Rue 
de) 107 

Lloyd George, David Etats- 
Unis (PI. des) 53 

Lodges, Free Masons See 
Grand Orient 27 
Neuf-Soeurs 27 
St. Jean d'Ecosse du Contrat 
Social 113 

Loeb, Jacques Conti (Quai 
de) — Institut 44 

Long, Admiral Hotel de Ville 
63 

Longfellow, Henry W. Mon- 
sieur-le-Prince (Rue) 76; 
Racine (Rue) 98; Thea- 
tre Francais (PI. du) 126 

Loomis Hotel de Ville 62 
See Paul Jones' grave 

Loubat, Joseph Florimund, due 
de D u m o n t d'Urville 
(Rue) 47; Trocadero 
132; Ecoles (Rue des) 50; 
Conti (Quai de) 44; Buf- 
fon (Rue) 29 

Louisiana Oudinot (Rue) 83; 
Vendome (PI.) 138 
See Monroe 107 
Bibliotheque Nationale 107 
Prevost, Abbe 108 

Louis-le-Grand, Lycee See Du 
Plessis, College 

Louis Philippe Paul Derou- 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 185 



lede (Ave.) 90; Rivoli 
(Rue de) no. His por- 
trait: Beaux Arts: Bona- 
parte (Rue) 26 

Louis XV Raynouard (Rue) 
99; Richelieu (Rue ^ de) 
107; Versailles — Chateau 
146 

Louis XVI Anjou (Rue d') 
15; La Planche (Rue) 69; 
Louvre (Musee) 71; Paul 
Deroulede (Ave.) 87; Cas- 
sette (Rue) 31; Raynou- 
ard (Rue) 100; Victoire 
(Rue de la) 140; Ver- 
sailles — Gambetta (Rue) 

149 
Portraits of: Versailles — 
Chateau 146; Tokio (Ave. 
de) 127 

Louis XVI, Hotel de Riche- 
lieu (Rue de) 104 

Louvet Tournon (Rue de) 

139 
Lowell, A. L. Champs-Elysees 

(Ave. des) 35 
Lucas, George A. Arc de 

Triomphe 16 
Medal of: Conti (Quai de) 

Monnaie 42 
Luxembourg, Museum Vau- 

girard (Rue de) 136 
Luxembourg, Palace Vau- 

girard (Rue de) 133 

Mably Raynouard (Rue) 100 
MacCameron, Robert Beaux 

Arts: Bonaparte (Rue) 

26 
His works: Vaugirard (Rue 

de) — Luxembourg 135 
McClellan, Genl. Paul De- 
roulede (Ave.) 90 
McCormick, Robert S. Chail- 

lot (Rue de) 32; Tokio 

(Ave. de) 128 
MacEwen, Walter His works: 

Vaugirard (Rue de) — 

Luxembourg 135 
MacLane, Robert M. Chaillot 

(Rue de) 33; Caumartin 

(Rue de) 31; Etats-Unis 



(PI. des) 52; Marceau 

(Ave.) 74; Hotel de Ville 

61 
MacLean, Edward P. See Am. 

Writers 161 
MacMonnies, Frederick Bag- 

neux (Rue de) 21; Notre- 

Dame-des-Champs 79 
His works: Vaugirard (Rue 

de) — Luxembourg 135 
MacRae, Duncan K. Italiens 

(Rue des) 66; see Am. 

Consuls 159 
Macy, Jesse Grinnell College: 

Ecoles (Rue des) — Sor- 

bonne 48 
Madison, James. Rivoli (Rue 

de) 112 
Maison des Etudiants Ameri- 

cains a Paris Fleurus 

(Rue de) 53 
Malesherbes Raynouard 

(Rue) 100 
Manchester, Duke of Ver- 
sailles — Gambetta (Rue) 

150 
Manon Lescaut See Prevost, 

Abbe, St.-Severin (Rue) 

121 
Maps, American Richelieu 

(Rue de) — Bibl. Nat. 110 
Marat Paul Deroulede (Ave.) 

88; Raynouard (Rue) 100 
Mar chart hi tahtoongha St.- 

Cloud 155 
Marie Emilie, Queen Paul De- 
roulede (Rue) 90 
Marie Antoinette, Queen An- 
jou (Rue d') 15; Horloge 

(Quai de 1') 59 
See Fersen 59 

Bertin (Mile.) 104 

Versailles — Chateau 148 
Portrait of: Sevigne (Rue 

de) — Carnavalet 122 
Marine, Museum of Louvre — 

Musee 72 
Marquette St.-Jacques (Rue) 

119 
Marron, Pastor Grange-aux- 

Belles (Rue) 56 
Marsh Valhubert (PI.) 132 



186 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



Marshall Chaillot (Rue de) 
32; Portrait of: Versailles 

— Chateau 146 

Martin, J. L. Chaillot (Rue 

de) 32 
Mason, John J. Chaillot (Rue 

de) 32; Beaujon (Rue) 

21; Matignon (Rue) 74 
Masson, Frank M. Italiens 

(Rue des) 66; see Am. 

Consuls 159 
Maurepas, de Louvre (Sqr. 

du) 71; Notre Dame 79; 

Picpus (Rue de) 95 
Maurepas, Hotel de Grenelle 

(Rue de) 58 
Mauzaisse Versailles — Cha- 
teau 146 
Mazarin, College Conti (Quai 

de) 44 
Mazarin, Palais Conti (Quai 

de) 45 
Mazarine, Library Conti 

(Quai de) 45 
Mazas, Prison Diderot (Bd.) 

47 

Medecine, Ac. de Conti (Quai 
de) — Institut 44 

Medicis, Catherine de Riche- 
lieu (Rue de) — Bibl. Nat. 
no 

Melchers, Gary Beaux Arts: 
Bonaparte (Rue) 26. His 
works: Vaugirard (Rue de) 

— Luxembourg 135 
Mellon Ecoles (Rue des) 

48 
Mercy, Comte de Versailles 

— Gambetta (Rue) 150 
Merlin de Douai Paul De- 

roulede (Ave.) 88 
Merrill, Stuart Bourbon (Quai 

de) 28 
Merriman, R. B. Ecoles (Rue 

de) 48 
Mesmer Chaillot (Rue de) 

33; Raynouard (Rue) 100; 

Jean -Jacques Rousseau 

(Rue) 113; Vendome (PI.) 

138 
Mesmes, Hotel de Braque 

(Rue de) 28 



Metcalf, William Leroy Beaux 

Arts — Bonaparte 26 

M i c h e 1 s o n, Albert Conti 
(Quai de) 44 

Milbert His works: Richelieu 
(Rue de) — Bibl. Nat. no 

Miller, Richard His works: 
Vaugirard (Rue de) — 
Luxembourg 135 

Millerand, Alexandre Ecoles 
(Rue des) 50 

Miller Gould Fund Pierre I 
de Serbie (Ave.) 96 

Millie - Christine, Misses 
Champs- Elysees (Ave. 
des) 33 

Mirabeau, Comte de Pont- 
Neuf (PI. du) 97; Ray- 
nouard (Rue) 100; Rivoli 
(Rue de) in 

Mirabeau, Vicomte de, dit 
Mirabeau - Tonneau Sts.- 
Peres (Rue des) 121 

Mississippi, Exploration of St.- 
Jacques (Rue) 119 

Mississippi Co. Richelieu 
(Rue de) 108; St.-Severin 
(Rue) 121 

Mithouard, Adrien Hotel de 
Ville 63 

Moffat, John C. Hotel de Ville 
63; Marbeuf (Rue) 73 

Monaco et Valintinois, Hotel 
de Varenne (Rue de) 133 

Monnaie, la Conti (Quai de) 
44 

Monroe, James Chaillot (Rue 
de) 32; Paul Deroulede 
(Ave.) 88; Richelieu (Rue 
de) 107; Vintimille (Rue 
de) 143 

Monroe, Theodore Paine 
Vaugirard (Rue de) 134 

Montagu - Noailles, Marquise 
de Picpus (Rue de) 94 

Montes, Lola Lafitte (Rue) 
68 

Montgomery, Gen. de Monu- 
ment of, see Caffieri: Conti 
(Quai de) — Bibl. Maz. 45 

Montmorin, Comte de Riche- 
lieu (Rue de) 105 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 187 



Moore, George Taitbout (Rue) 
125 

Moore, Humphrey Leonard- 
de-Vinci (Rue) 69 

Moore, Thomas Mont Thabor 
(Rue du) 77 

Moreau, Gen. Anjou (Rue d') 
16; Richelieu (Rue de) 106 

Morellet, Abbe Auteuil (Rue 
d') 18 

Morgan, Miss Anne See 
American Charities 164-5 

Morgan, J. Pierpont Ven- 
dome (PI.) 138. His gifts: 
Sevigne (Rue de) 122; 
Valhubert (PI.) 133 

Morgan, Harjes & Co. Ven- 
dorae (PI.) 138; Neuilly 
-T- Chauveau (Rue) 154 

Morris, Gouvemeur Chaillot 
(Rue de) 32; La Planche 
(Rue de) 68; Palais-Royal 
86; Paul Deroulede (Ave.) 
88; Richelieu (Rue de) 
104; Theatre Frangais (PI. 
du) 126 
And d'Estaing: Ste.-Anne 

(Rue) 114 
And Paul Jones: Tournon 

(Rue) 130 
And Houdon: St.-Honore 

(Fbg.) 119 
And La Fayette: Lille (Rue 

de) 70 
And Mme. de La Fayette: 

Voltaire (Quai) 144 
And Thomas Paine: Vau- 

girard (Rue de) 134 
And Rochambeau: Cherche- 
Midi (Rue du) 37 

Morse, Samuel F. Breese Paul 
Deroulede (Ave.) 90; Ri- 
voli (Rue de) no; St.- 
Lazare (Gare) 119; 
Sciences, Ac. des: Conti 
(Quai de) 44 

Morss, Samuel P. Italiens 
(Rue des) 66; see Am. 
Consuls 159 

Morton, Levi P. Assas (Rue 
d') 17; Chaillot (Rue de) 
33; Pierre Charron (Rue) 



06; Etats-Unis (PI. des) 
55 
Mosler, Henry His works: 
Vaugirard (Rue de) — 
Luxembourg 135 
Moulton, Mrs. Charles G. 
Bois de Boulogne (Ave. 
du) 26 
Mullenberg, W. A. Medal of: 
Conti (Quai de) — Mon- 
naie 42 
Murat, Achille Monceau (Rue 

de) 75 
Murat, Hotel de Monceau 

(Rue de) 75 
Murat, Prince et Princesse 

Monceau (Rue de) 75 
Murray, William Vans Chail- 
lot (Rue de) 32; Grange 
Bateliere (Rue) 57; St.- 
Dominique (Rue) 115 
Museums See Armee 60 
Arts-et-Metiers 120 
Carnavalet 122 
Guerre 39 
Louvre 71 
Luxembourg 136 
Marine 72 
Paris 46 

Pennsylvania Historical So- 
ciety 114 
Scientific 46 
Trocadero 130 
Museum of Natural History 

Valhubert (PI.) 131 
Myers, Circus Temple (Fbg. 

du) 126 
Mygatt, Otis A. His gifts: 
Sevigne (Rue de) 123 



Napoleon I Paul Deroulede 
(Ave.) 89; Invalides 
(Church) 65 
See Monroe: Richelieu (Rue 

de) 107 
Fulton: Tokio (Ave. de) 
128 

Napoleon III. Paul Derou- 
lede (Ave.) 89 

Nation, Theatre de la Odeon 
(PI. de 1') 80 



188 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



National Property Orsay 

(Quai d') 82 
Navy, Ministry of Concorde 

_ (PI. de la) 41 
Neilson, Raymond His works: 

Vaugirard (Rue de) — 

Luxembourg 136 
Neilson, W. A. Harvard Uni- 
versity: Ecoles (Rue des) 

49 
Nelson, Hotel Richelieu (Rue 

de) 107 
Neuf-Soeurs, Lodge Bona- 
parte (Rue) 27; see Frank- 
lin: Ranelagh 98; Paul 

Jones: Tournon (Rue de) 

129 
Neuilly-sur-Marne 152 
Neuilly-sur-Seine 153; Mairie 

de: Roule (Ave. du) 154; 

Traite de 1919: Roule 

(Ave. du) 154 
Nevers, Hotel de Richelieu 

(Rue de) 108 
Newcomb, Simon Bois de 

Boulogne (Ave. du) 36 
New Haven, City of Sannois 

156 
New Orleans, City of Hotel 

de Ville 62; Oudinot 

(Rue) 83 
See Prevost, Abbe 121 
New York, City of Etats- 

Unis (PI. des) 52; Vieille- 

du-Temple (Rue) 142 
New York American Paix 

(Rue de la) 83 
New York Herald Opera 

(Ave. de 1') 79 
See Bennett, James Gordon: 

Champs- Elysees (Ave. 

des) 36 
New York Journal Versailles 

— Chateau 147 
New York Sun La Michau- 

diere (Rue de la) 68 
New York Times Louis le 

Grand (Rue) 70 
New York Tribune Georges 

Guynemer (Rue) 55 
New York World Opera (Rue 

de T) 80 



Nicolay, John G. Italiens 
(Rue des) 66; see Am. 
Consuls 159 

Nicollet St. - Jacques (Rue) 
119 

Niles, Nathaniel C h a i 1 1 o t 
(Rue de) 32 

Noailles, Due et Duchesse de 
St.-Honore (Rue) 117 

Noailles, Louis Marie, Vicomte 
de St.-Honore (Rue) 117 

Noailles, Hotel de St.-Honore 
(Rue) 117; St.-Honore 
(Fbg.) 118; Versailles — 
Pompe (Rue de la) 151 

Noailles, Marquise de Lafayette 
nee de See LaFayette, 
Marquise de 

Nogent, Hotel de St.-Honore 
(Fbg.) 118 

Nollet, Abbe Conti (Quai de) 
— Institut 44 

Norton - Harjes Neuilly-sur- 
Seine — Inkerman (Bd. d'j 
153 

North American Library 
Ecoles (Rue des) — Sor- 
bonne 50 

Nourse, Miss Elizabeth Vau- 
girard (Rue de) — Luxem- 
bourg 136 

Noyes, Edward F. Chaillot 
(Rue de) 33; Marceau 
(Ave.) 74; Spontini (Rue) 
123 

Ochs, Adolphe Louis le Grand 

(Rue) 70 
O'Connor, Andrew His 

works: Vaugirard (Rue 

de) — Luxembourg 136 
Odeon, Theatre de 1' Odeon 

(PI. de 1') 79 
See Loie Fuller 41 
O'Gallagan Taitbout (Rue) 

125 
O'Hara, Gen. Vaugirard (Rue 

de) — Luxembourg 133 
Opera, Theatre de Opera (PI. 

de 1') 80 
Orlando, M. Etats-Unis (PI. 

des) S3 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 189 



Orleans, Louis Philippe, 4th 
Duke of Palais-Royal 83 

Orleans, Louis Philippe, 5th 
Duke of Palais-Royal 53; 
Bonaparte (Rue) 27; 
Tournon (Rue de) 129 

Orleans, Louis Philippe, Duke 
of Hotel de Ville 61 
See MacLane 31 
Louis Philippe 26, 90, no 

Orleans, Duke of Paul De- 
roulede (Ave.) 90; Rivoli 
(Rue de) no 

Osage Tribe St.-Cloud 154 

Osborn, Henry F. Valhubert 
(PI.) 132 



Paine, Thomas Odeon (Rue 
de 1') 82; Paul Deroulede 
(Ave.) 88; Petits - Peres 
(Rue des) 92; St.-Denis 
(Fbg.) 114; Vaugirard 
(Rue de) 133 
See Bastille 21 
Ac. des Sciences Conti 

(Quai de) 44 
Assemblee Nat.: Rivoli (Rue 

de) in 
And Monroe: Richelieu (Rue 

de) 107 
Theanthro pophiles : St.- 
Denis 114 
Palace Hotel Champs-Elysees 

(Ave. des) 35 
Palaces See Bourbon 81 
Elysee 118 
Institut 44 
Justice 59, 83 
Legion of Honour 69 
Mazarin 45 
Senat 134 
Tuileries in 
Pantheon de la Guerre Uni- 
versity (Rue de 1') 131 
Paris, Louis Philippe d'Or- 
leans, Comte de Paul De- 
roulede (Ave.) 90; Rivoli 
(Rue de) no 
Paris, Museum of Dauphine 

(Rue) 46 
Paris Society of American 



Painters Villiers (Ave. 
de) 142 

Parker Auteuil (Rue d') 18 

Parkman, Francis See Am. 
Writers 160 

Passy, Cemetery of Reser- 
voirs (Rue des) 102 

Patterson, Elizabeth Invalides 
(Hotel des) 65; Palais- 
Royal 85; Paul Deroulede 
(Ave.) 89 

Patriots, Hotel des Richelieu 
(Rue de) 103 

Payne, John Howard Amelot 
(Rue) IS; Jacob (Rue) 
66; Mont Thabor (Rue du) 
77; Palais-Royal 83; Riche- 
lieu 102; Theatre Francais 
(PI. du) 126 
His works: Richelieu (Rue) 

— Bibl. Nat. 104 

Peace Conference Concorde 
(PI. de la) 41; Orsay 
(Quai d') 82; Versailles — 
Chateau 148 
Peace See Treaty 
Peace of 1783 
See Versailles 149 
Hotel de Ville 60 
Malaquais (Quai) 72 
Notre Dame 79 
Odeon (PI. de 1') 79 
Viarmes (Rue de) 139 
Medals of: Conti (Quai de) 

— Monnaie 44 

Peale, Charles Wilson Ver- 
sailles — Chateau 146 

Peale, Rembrandt Beaux 
Arts: Bonaparte (Rue) 
26 

Pearson, Richard Palais- 
Royal 84 

Peartree, Henri Taitbout 
(Rue) 24 

Peets, Orville H. His works: 
Vaugirard (Rue de) — 
Luxembourg 136 

Peixotto, M. P. Taitbout 
(Rue) 124 

Pen and Pencil Club Taitbout 
(Rue) 125 

Pennsylvania Historical So- 



190 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



ciety, Museum of Ste.- 

Anne (Rue) 114 
Penthievre, Due de Paul De- 

roulede (Ave.) 90 
Pere La Chaise, Cemetery of 

Menilmontant (Bd. de) 

75 
Perry, Bliss Ecoles (Rue des) 

48 

Pershing, Gen. J. J. Arc-de- 
Triomphe 16; Concorde 
(PI. de la) 41; Constan- 
tine (Rue de) 41; Hotel 
de Ville 63; Invalides 
(Hotel des) 65; Picpus 
(Rue de) 94; Varenne 
(Rue de) 133; Vaugirard 
(Rue de) 134 
Medals of: Conti (Quai de) 

— Monnaie 42 
Stade: Vincennes 158 

Philadelphia, City of Conti 
(Quai de) — Bibl. Maza- 
rine 46; Gobelins (Ave. 
des) 56; Hotel de Ville 
62; Ste.-Anne (Rue) 114; 
St.-Florentin (Rue) 116; 
Sevigne (Rue de) 123 
See Bertin (Mile.) 104 

Philadelphia Hotel de Petits- 
Peres (Rue des) 93 

Philip, Miss Rosalind Burney 
Bac (Rue du) 19 

Piatt, Don Chaillot (Rue de) 
32 

Pickering, Edward Charles 
Conti (Quai de) — Institut 
44 

Picknell, William Works of: 
Vaugirard (Rue de) — 
Luxembourg 136 

Picpus, Cemetery of Picpus 
(Rue de) 93; St.-Honore 
(Rue) 117 

Pilatre, de Rosier Dauphine 
(Rue) 46; Muette (Cha- 
teau de la) 77 

Pilon Hotel de Ville 61 

Pinckney, Charles C. Chaillot 
(Rue de) 32 
See Monroe: Richelieu (Rue 
de) 107 



Pittsburgh, City of Valhubert 

(PI.) 132 
Ploisy, Cemetery of Denain 

(Bd.) 47; Suresnes 157 
Plouville, Hotel de Universite 

(Rue de 1') 131 
Plunkett, Rear Admiral Con- 
corde (PI. de la) 41 
Poe, Edgar Allan Anjou 

(Quai d') is 
Poincare, Raymond Capucines 

(Bd. des) 29; Vincennes 

158 
Polk, F. Neuilly-sur-Seine — 

Roule (Ave. du) 154 
Pompadour, Marquise de 

Richelieu (Rue de) 104; 

St.-Denis (Fbg.) 114 
Porter, Horace Chaillot (Rue 

de) 33; Villejust (Rue de) 

142 
Postes, Hotel des Jean- 
Jacques Rousseau (Rue) 

113 
Potter, Edward Iena (PI. d') 63 
Preville Theatre Frangais (PI. 

du) 126 
Prevost d'Exilles, Abbe St.- 

Severin (Rue) 121; Riche- 
lieu (Rue de) 108 
Prince, Morton Francs Bour- 
geois (Rue des) — 

Archives Nat. 54 
Proctor Bagneux (Rue de) 20 
Protestant Foreign Cemetery 

See Paul Jones' grave 
Pulitzer, J. Etats-Unis (PI. 

des) 52 
Puvis de Chavannes Louvre: 

Musee 72 
Rachel, Mile. Theatre Fran- 

gais (PI. du) 126 
See Longfellow: Monsieur- 

le-Prince (Rue) 76 
Ramblers Club T a i t b o u t 

(Rue) 125 
Rathbone, George L. Italiens 

(Rue des) 66 
See Am. Consuls 159 
Ravelin, Miss Grace Her 

works: Vaugirard (Rue de) 

— Luxembourg 136 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 191 



Raynal, Abbe Iena (Ave. d') 64 
Raynouard (Rue) 100 
Rayneval, de Versailles — 

Gambetta (Rue) 150 
Rayneval, Gerard de Braque 

(Rue de) 28; Invalides 

(Church) 65 
Read, Capt. Concorde (PI. de 

la) 40 
Read, John Meredith, Jr. 

Italiens (Rue des) 66; see 

Am. Consuls 159 
His grave: St.-Germain-en- 

Laye 155 
Redfield, Edward His works: 

Vaugirard (Rue de) — 

Luxembourg 136 
Regence, Cafe de la St.- 

Honore (Rue) 116 
Reid, Whitelaw Chaillot (Rue 

de) 33; Hoche (Ave.) 59; 

Marceau (Ave.) 74; Orsay 

(Quai d') 82 
Richelieu, Hotel de Richelieu 

(Rue de) 104 
Richmond, City of Hotel de 

Ville 61; St. - Honore 

(Fbg.) 118 
Ridgeway, Mrs. Frangois I. 

(Rue) 54 
Riggs, G. Carrick Bois de 

Boulogne (Ave. du) 26 
See Rumford's grave 
Ritz, Hotel Vendome (PI.) 

138 
Rives, William C. Chaillot 

(Rue de) 32; Matignon 

(Rue) 75; Universite (Rue 

de 1') 131; Ville l'Eveque 

(Rue de la) 142 
Robespierre, Maximillien de 

Paul Deroulede (Ave.) 88; 

Raynouard (Rue) 99 
Rochambeau, Marechal de 

Cherche-Midi (Rue du) 36; 

Archeveche (Quai de 1') 

17; Concorde (PI. de la) 

41; Horloge (Quai de 1') 

59; Versailles — Gambetta 

(Rue) 149 
And Lafayette: Lille (Rue 

de) 70 



And Fersen: Matignon 

(Rue) 75 
Portraits of: Invalides — 

Musee de l'Armee 65; 

Versailles — Chateau 146 
Rodin, Auguste Works: Va- 

renne (Rue de) 133 
Rodney, Admiral La Motte 

Picquet (Ave. de) 68; 

Tilly 158 
Roelofs, Miss Henrietta Ed- 
ward VII (Rue) 51 
Rooke, Admiral Palais-Royal 

84 
Roosevelt, Theodore Frangois 

I. (Rue) 54; Ecoles (Rue 

des) 50; St. -Honore 

(Fbg.) 118; Conti (Quai 

de) — Institut 44 
Roquette, Prison de la grande 

Roquette (Rue de la) 113 
Romagne sous Montfaucon, 

Cemetery of Strasbourg 

(Bd. de) — Gare de l'Est 

123 
Rosen, Ernest T. Vaugirard 

(Rue de) — Luxembourg 

136 
Rossel, Marquis de Versailles 

— Chateau 141 

Rossi, Carmen Notre-Dame- 

des-Champs (Rue) 79' 
Roty Works: Conti (Quai 

de) : Monnaie 44 
Roucher Auteuil (Rue de) 18 
Rougemont, Hotel de la cite 

Rougemont (Rue) 113 
Rousseau, Jean Jacques 

Paul Deroulede (Ave.) 

89; Sannois 155 
Royal Palace Hotel Richelieu 

(Rue de) 103 
Roz, Firmin Ecoles (Rue des) 

— Sorbonne 49 
Rumford (B. Thompson), 

Comte de Auteuil (Rue d') 

18; Lavoisier (Rue) 69 
His grave: Claude - Lor- 

rain (Rue) 39 
Rush, Benjamin Ecole de 

Medecine (Rue de 1') 47 
Rush, Richard Chaillot (Rue 



192 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



de) 32; Hotel de Ville 61; 
Matignon (Rue) 74 
Russell, Jonathan Chaillot 

(Rue de) 32; Lafitte (Rue) 
68 

Sabine, W. C. Ecoles (Rue 
des) 48 

St.-Cloud, Chateau de 155 

St.-Florentin, Hotel de St.- 
Florentin (Rue) 155 

St. Gaudens, Augustus Bag- 
neux (Rue de) 20; Pereire 
(Bd.) 92; His works: Lux- 
embourg — Vaugirard 
(Rue de) 136; Conti (Quai 
de) — Monnaie 42 

St. Gaudens, Louis Works: 
Conti (Quai de) — Mon- 
naie 42 

St.-Germain-en-Laye 154 

St. Jean d'Ecosse du Contrat 
Social, Lodge of Jean- 
Jacques Rousseau (Rue) 

113 
St.-Just Gaillon (Rue) 55 
St.-Lambert Sannois 156 
St. Luke, American Chapel of 

Grande Chaumiere (Rue 

de la) 56 
Ste. Pelagie, Prison de Lace- 

pede (Rue) 67 
Salm, Hotel de Lille (Rue de) 

69 
See Jefferson 69; Tuileries 

130 
Salm-Kyrberg, Prince de Lille 

(Rue de) 69; Picpus (Rue 

de) 94 
Saltus, John Sanford Conti 

(Quai de) — Institut 45 
Sandford, Henry S h el ton 

Chaillot (Rue de) 32; Ma- 
tignon (Rue) 75 
San Francisco, City of Conti 

(Quai de) — Monnaie 44 
Sannois 155 

Santayana, D. Harvard Uni- 
versity: Ecoles (Rue de) 

48 
Sarah Bernhardt Pereire (Bd.) 

92 



Saratoga, Battle of Conti 

(Quai de) — Monnaie 48 
Sargent, John Singer Bag- 
neux (Rue de) 20; Berthier 
(Bd.) 23 
His works: Vaugirard (Rue 
de) — Luxembourg 136; 
Conti (Quai de) — Institut 

44 
Sartain, William His works: 

Vaugirard (Rue de) — 

Luxembourg 136 
Sciences, Academie des Conti 

(Quai de) 44 
Sciences Morales et Politiques, 

Academie des Conti 

(Quai de) 44 
Scientific Museum Dauphine 

(Rue) 46 
Scott, Walter St.-Dominique 

(Rue) 115 
Segur, Louis Philippe, 

Comte de St.-Florentin 

(Rue) 115 
Segur, Philippe Henri, Marquis 

de St.-Florentin (Rue) 

ii5 
Senat, Palais du Vaugirard 

(Rue de) 134 
Seringes et Nesles, Cemeteries 

of Strasbourg (Bd. de) — 

Gare de l'Est 123 
Sevres, Manufacture Nationale 

de 154 
Shapworth St.-Denis (Fbg.) 

114 
Sharp, William G. Chaillot 

(Rue de) 33; Eylau (Ave. 

d') 53; Hotel de Ville 62; 

Ecoles (Rue des) 50 
Shaw, Col. Robert G. Bag- 

neux (Rue de) 20 
Sheldon, Daniel Chaillot (Rue 

de) 32 
Sheppard, Nathan Bois de 

Boulogne (Ave. du) 26 
Sheridan, Gen. Bois de Bou- 
logne (Ave. du) 25 
Sherman, Gen. Bagneux (Rue 

de) 20 
Shoninger, B. S. Taitbout 

(Rue) 124 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 193 



Short, William Chaillot (Rue 
de) 32; Bonaparte (Rue) 
27; Hotel de Ville 61 
And Jefferson: Berri (Rue 
de) 23 

Sieyes Rivoli (Rue de) in 

Sims, James Marion Ecole 
de Medecine (Rue d') 47 

Simonneau Grange-aux-Belles 
(Rue de la) 56 

Skipwith, C. Fulwar Mathur- 
ins (Rue des) 74; Vol- 
taire (Quai) 144; Italiens 
(Rue des) 66 
See Am. Consuls 159 

Smith, John Adams Chaillot 
(Rue de) 34 

Smithsonian Institute Troca- 
dero 130; Valhubert (PI.) 
132 

Smyth, Sir Robert Vaugirard 
(Rue de) — Luxembourg 
.134 

Societies See American Fel- 
lowships in French Uni- 
versities 50 
Americanistes de Paris 28 
Cincinnati Z7, % 7o, 97, ill, 142 
France-Amerique 81 
Friends of the Blacks 58 
Gallo-Americaine 58 
Geographie 116 
Of 1789 102 
Sons of the Revolution 65 

Society of 1789 Raynouard 
(Rue) 102 

Soissons, Hotel de Quincam- 
poix (Rue) 98; Viarmes 
(Rue de) 139 

Sons of the Revolution In- 
valides (Hotel des) 65 

Soubise, Hotel de Francs 
Bourgeois (Rue des) 54 

Spencer, Henry W. Italiens 
(Rue des) 66; see Am. 
Consuls 159 

Stanley, H. M. St.-Germain 
(Bd.) 116 

Stanley Club Taitbout (Rue) 
125 

Stars and Stripes Italiens 
(Rue des) 66 



Stevenson, Mrs. Raynouard 
(Rue) 100 

Stevenson, Robert Louis Bag- 
neux (Rue de) 20 

Stewart, Julius L. Leonard- 
de-Vini (Rue) 69 

Stotesbury, Edward T. Neuil- 
ly-sur-Seine 152 

Strasbourg, Hotel de Riche- 
lieu (Rue de) 104 

Strozzi, Philippe Richelieu 
(Rue de)— Bibl. Nat. no 

Students Hostel St. - Michel 
(Bd.) 120 

Suffren, Vice Amiral de Medal 
of: Conti (Quai de) — 
Monnaie 42; Portrait: 
Versailles — Chateau 146 

Sumner, Charles See Am. 
Writers 160 

Summerall, Maj. Gen. Hotel 
de Ville 63 

Suresnes, Cemetery of 157 

Survillers, C o m t e d e See 
Bonaparte, Joseph 

Swager Bois de Boulogne 
(Ave. du) 26 

Swann, Col. Lacepede (Rue) 
67 

Swinburne, Dr. Bois de Bou- 
logne (Ave. du) 24 



Talleyrand Grenelle (Rue de) 

58; Iena (PI. d') 64; St.- 

Florentin (Rue) 115; Va- 

renne (Rue de) 133 
And Morris: Richelieu (Rue 

de) 105 
Talma Theatre Francais (Pi. 

du) 126 
And Irving: Mont Thabor 

(Rue du) 77 
And Paine: Richelieu (Rue 

de) 106 
Tanner, Henry His work: 

Vaugirard (Rue de) — 

Luxembourg 136 
Tardieu, Andre Vaugirard 

(Rue de) 135 
Tarleton, Col. Richelieu (Rue 

de) 103 



194 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



Taylor, Miss Harriet Edward 

VII (Rue) Si 
Telles d'Acosta, Mme. de 

Rochambeau nee Cherche- 

Midi (Rue du) 36 
Tesse, Comtesse de Lille (Rue 

de) 70 
Tesse Hotel de Voltaire 

(Quai) 144 
Traccard, Alexander M. Ital- 

iens (Rue des) 66; see Am. 

Consuls 159 
Theanthropophiles, Ass. des 

St.-Denis (Rue) 114 
Theatres See Chatelet 152; 

Folies-Bergeres 41; Fran- 

gais 126; Gaite 152; Na- 
tion 80; Odeon 79; 

Opera 80; Trocadero 152 
Thelisson, Aimee Adele de 

Vivienne (Rue) 143 
Thiaucourt, Cemetery of 

Strasbourg (Bd. de) — 

Gare de l'Est 123 
Thomas, Seymour S. Beaux 

Arts: Bonaparte (Rue) 26 
Thomire, Pierre Philippe His 

works: Louvre — Musee 71 
Tiffany Valhubert (PL) 132 
Tilly 157 
Tilton, Theodore See Am. 

Writers 161 
Timon, Cafe Tournon (Rue 

de) 129 
Tocqueville, Alexis de 

Tocqueville (Rue de) 126 
Torbert, Alfred P. A. Italiens 

(Rue des) 66 
Towers, J. Concorde (PI. de 

la) 41 
Traite des Noirs, Cie. de la 

Montmartre (Rue) 77 
Treaties See Versailles, For- 
eign Office; Monnaie 
St.-Germain-en-Laye: Neuil- 

ly-sur-Seine 
Transylvanie, Hotel de Mala- 

quais (Quai) 72 
Travellers Club Champs- 

Elysees (Ave. des) 34 
Treville, Hotel de Tournon 

(Rue de"! 130 



Trocadero Museum Trocadero 

(PI. du) 130 
Trocadero, Theatre du See 

Isadora Duncan 152 

Trumbull, John Bonaparte 
(Rue) — Beaux Arts 26; 
Berri (Rue de) 23; Pen- 
thievre (Rue de) 92 

Tubceuf, Hotel Richelieu 
(Rue de) 107 

Tuck, Edward Italiens (Rue 
des) 66; see Am. Con- 
suls 159; Valhubert (PI.) 
132; Tuileries (Palais des): 
Rivoli (Rue de) no 

Turgot Auteuil (Rue d') 18; 
Raynouard (Rue) 100 

Twain, Mark Taitbout (Rue) 
125 

Tyng, Dr. Stephen Higginson 
Taitbout (Rue) 124 

Union des Colonies Etrangeres 
en France Neuilly - sur - 
Marne 152; Scribe (Rue) 
152 

Universities Club Taitbout 
(Rue) 125 

Valentinois, Hotel de Ray- 
nouard (Rue) 99 
Van Blarenbergh His works: 

Victoire (Rue de la) 140; 

Versailles - Chateau 148; 

Versailles — Gambetta 

(Rue) 149 
Vanderbilt, W. K. Buffon 

(Rue) 29 
Vanderlyn, John See Am. 

Writers 161 
Van Dyke, Henry Princeton 

University: Ecoles (Rue 

des) 48 
Van Tyne, C. H. Michigan 

University: Ecoles (Rue 

des) 48 
Vaughan, Benjamin Rivoli 

(Rue de) in 
Vaulx, Jacque de Richelieu 

(Rue de) — Bibl. Nat. 110 
Vergennes, Comte de Braque 

(Rue de) 28; Malaquais 



AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 195 



(Quai) 72; Notre Dame 
78; Orsay (Quai d') 81; 
Versailles — Gambetta 
(Rue) 149 
Autograph of: Francs Bour- 
geois (Rue des) 54 
And Beaumarchais: Vieille- 

du-Temple (Rue) 141 
Grave of: Versailles — 
Church of Notre Dame 
150 
Portrait of: Versailles — 
Chateau 146 

Vergennes, Vicomte de Ver- 
sailles — Gambetta (Rue) 
149 

Vergniaud Tournon (Rue de) 
129 

Versailles 146; Chateau 146; 
Museum 146; Treaty 148 

Vibbert, Charles B. Fleurus 
(Rue de) 54 

Victor Hugo Museum Vosges 
(PI. des) 145 

Vidal, Prof. Capucines (Bd. 
des) 29 

Vignaud, Henry Buff on (Rue) 
29 

Villette, Hotel de Voltaire 
(Quai) 144 

Viviani, Rene Courcelles (Bd. 
de) 46 

Volney, Comte de Volney 
(Rue de) 143 

Volunteers, American, of 1870 
Invalides (Hotel des) 65 

Voltaire Voltaire (Quai) 154; 
Ranelagh 98; Palais-Roy- 
al 85 
And Franklin: Conti (Quai 

de) — Inst. 44 
As a Free Mason: Bona- 
parte (Rue) 27 

Waddell, John Alexander 

Conti (Quai de) — Inst. 44 
Walcott, Charles Doolittle 

Conti (Quai de) — Inst. 44 
Walden, Lionel His works: 

Vaugirard (Rue d e) — 

Luxembourg 136 
Walker, George Italiens (Rue 



des) 66; see Am. Con- 
suls 159 

Wallace, Hugh C. Chaillot 
(Rue de) 33; Eylau (Ave. 
del') 53; Iena (PI. d') 64 

Walsh, Robert Italiens (Rue 
des) 66; see Am. Consuls 

159 
Wanamaker, Rodman Joseph- 

Bara (Rue) 66 
Warden, David Bailey Italiens 
(Rue des) 66; see Am. 
Consuls 159 
War Office 1783 Versailles 148 
Warren, Whitney Bellevue 152 
Washburne, Elihu B. Chail- 
lot (Rue de) 32; Bois de 
Boulogne (Ave. du) 25; 
Marceau (Ave.) 74; Notre 
Dame 79; Spontini (Rue) 
123 ; Paul Deroulede 
(Ave.) 91; Versailles — 
Mademoiselle (Rue) 151 

And Mgr. Darboy: Roquette 
(Rue de la) 112; Diderot 
(Bd.) 47 
Washington, George And the 
Assemblee Nat.: Rivoli 
(Rue de) 112 

And Beaumarchais: Vieille- 
du-Temple (Rue) 142 

And Brissot: Gretry (Rue) 58 

Bust of: Hotel de Ville 61; 
Louvre — Musee 71; Ver- 
sailles — Chateau 146; 
Sevres 156; Estrapade 
(Rue de 1') 52 

And Chastellux: Sentier 
(Rue du) 122 

And Chateaubriand: Bac 
(Rue du) 20 

And the Cincinnati: Pont- 
Neuf (PI. du) 97 

Death of: Invalides 64 

And d'Estaing: Ste. - Anne 
(Rue) 114 

And La Fayette: Bastille 
(PI. de la) 21 

Medals of: Conti (Quai de) 
— Monnaie 44 

And Morris: Richelieu (Rue 
de) 106 



196 AMERICAN FOOTPRINTS IN PARIS 



Washington, George (Cont.) 
Plays on: Odeon (Theatre 

de) 80 
Portraits of: Invalides — 

Musee de l'Armee 65 
And Rochambeau: Cherche- 

Midi (Rue du) 36 
Statue of: Assas (Rue d') 
17; Etats-Unis (PI. des) 
52; Iena (PI. d') 63; St.- 
Honore (Fbg.) 119; Ver- 
sailles 146 

Washington, City of Estra- 
pade (Rue de 1') 52; Vieil- 
le-du-Temple (Rue) 142 

Washington Club Opera (PI. 
de 1') 81 

Washington-Lafayette, Board- 
ing School Marbeuf 
(Rue) 73 

Warren, Dr. Versailles — 
Chateau 146 

Webster, Daniel Beaux Arts: 
Bonaparte (Rue) 26 

Weeks, Edwin Lord Leon- 
ard de Vinci (Rue) 69 
His Works: Vaugirard (Rue 
de) — Luxemboui'g 136 

Weir, Alden His works: 
Vaugirard (Rue de) — 
Luxembourg 136 

Wendell, Barrett Harvard 
University: Ecoles (Rue 
des) 48 

Whistler, James McNeill Bac 
(Rue du) 18; Ferou (Rue) 
53; Notre - Dame - des - 
Champs (Rue) 79; Sts.- 
Peres (Rue des) 121 
Medals of: Conti (Qugi ii) 
— Monnaft Tjb ,. D V> 
His works :V^arrgirard (Rue 
de) — Luxembourg 136 

White, Henry Chaillot (Rue 
de) 33; Hotel de Ville 63; 
Orsay (Quai d') 82; Vau- 
girard (Rue de) 134; Ver- 
sailles — Chateau 148; 
Versailles — Reine (Bd. 
de la) 151; St.-Germain- 
en-Laye 155; Neuilly-sur- 
Seine 154 



Whitney, Richard Taitbout 
(Rue) 125 

Wilde, Oscar Taitbout (Rue) 
125 

Wiley, Admiral Hotel de 
Ville 63 

Willis, N. P. Paul Deroulede 
(Ave.) 90; Rivoli (Rue de) 
in. His works: Richelieu 
(Rue de) — Bibl. Nat. 109 

Wilson, G. G. Harvard Uni- 
versity: Ecoles (Rue des) 
48 

Wilson, Woodrow Conti 
(Quai de) — Institut 42; 
Etats-Unis (PI. des) 53; 
Monceau (Rue de) 75; 
Hotel de Ville 63; Opera 
(PI. de 1') 81; Orsay 
(Quai d') 81; Vaugirard 
(Rue de) — Senat 134; 
Picpus (Rue de) 94; St.- 
Honore (Fbg.) 118; Uni- 
versite (Rue de F) 131; 
Versailles — Chateau 146; 
Versailles — Reine (Bd. 
de la) 151 
Medal of: Conti (Quai de) 
— Monnaie 42 

Wilson, Mrs. and Miss Hotel 
de Ville 63 

Woods, J. H. Harvard Uni- 
versity: Ecoles (Rue des) 
48 

Wright, Patience Beaux Arts: 
Bonaparte (Rue) 26 

Wright, Wilbur Concorde 
(PI. de la) 40 

^Yeomans, Dean Henry A. 

Ecoles (Rue des) 48; Pan- 
theon (PI. du) 87 

Yorktown, Battle of Medal 
of: Conti (Quai de) — 
Monnaie 43 
See Musee de l'Armee 65; 
Versailles — Chateau 146; 
Tilly — Chateau 158 

Y. M. C. A. See American 
Charities 164 

Y. W. C. A. See American 
Charities 164 







o « . , X» 






• l ' ' * 



0" , 



V . 















• " 





^ O 'W^V 















• 







,* ^. 



♦* ** • 






^ « 



c w ♦ 







o V 



%"> 



♦*"** • 




<> 



& v ° " ° * *■<*> 



..• ,0 



.* ..i 



^ /Jssw'. V 0° t ^. °o ,*\. 






<! 





" , • v> .. **• <x* 




*°^ 




o_ ^ 



' o « o 









.4 



■^ 



£*+ 



r .i- 



-** 




S) 





v v V- * * A 



^ 



1 * o„, 




V^ # ' y .. \> To V ' 

VIF£B1977^ X/ -'^fife V* 






°*. 



>*>/!???, " - "° 






